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  • How Automated Scans Help (and Fail) Accessibility

    Have you ever clicked on a website and immediately gotten lost because nothing seemed to work the way you expected? Maybe you couldn’t find the right button, or the page layout was all over the place. Now imagine facing those same frustrations but with the added challenge of a visual, auditory, or motor disability. Navigating the web shouldn’t feel like an obstacle course—it should be intuitive and inclusive for everyone.

    If you’re a website owner or business owner in the United States, you might already know that accessibility is becoming more than just a nice-to-have. It’s a key part of good customer service, protects you from legal risks, and, quite simply, it’s the right thing to do. But where do you start?

    One of the first steps many people take is running automated scans.

    These scans promise a quick way to spot accessibility issues on your site. Yet, while they can be extremely helpful, they’re far from perfect. In this article, we’ll explore the ups and downs of automated scans—what they can do, where they fail, and how to blend them into a solid strategy that also includes manual testing and expert help.

    What Are Automated Accessibility Scans?

    Automated scans are software tools that crawl through your website’s code, looking for red flags based on standards like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)). Think of these tools like the spellcheck in your word processor: they can spot a lot of mistakes, but they can’t always tell you if you’re using the right words in the right context.

    What Do Automated Scans Detect?

    Plenty of free and paid tools exist. Some are browser extensions (like WAVE or Google’s Lighthouse), while others are built-in services that run regular checks on your website. They’re great at picking up on common coding issues such as:

    • Missing or poorly written alternative text on images
    • Low color contrast between text and background
    • Improper heading levels (skipping from an H1 to an H3 without an H2, for example)
    • Misapplied ARIA attributes
    • Certain missing form labels

    If your site has glaring accessibility mistakes, automated scans can flag those quickly. They’ll often give you a handy list of what’s wrong, along with references to WCAG guidelines or best practices on how to fix each issue. That’s a huge benefit if you’re new to accessibility and need a push in the right direction.

    How Automated Scans Can Help You

    Let’s look at some of the biggest advantages of automated scans—and how they fit into your overall web development workflow.

    Speed and Efficiency

    Manual reviews take time, especially for large websites. An automated tool, on the other hand, can process hundreds or even thousands of pages in a shorter timeframe. This is especially handy if you regularly add or change content.

    Spotting the “No-Brainers”

    Many accessibility issues are straightforward coding mistakes—like forgetting to add “alt” text to images. Automated scanners are perfect for picking up on these. They’re quick, consistent, and thorough in locating these common errors.

    Routine Monitoring

    Some automated scan tools offer scheduled checks, which is terrific for ongoing maintenance. You can set them to run weekly or monthly scans and then get alerts if something new pops up, letting you address problems before they spiral.

    Raising Awareness

    For those brand-new to digital accessibility, automated tools can serve as a mini crash course. They highlight rules like ensuring sufficient color contrast or labeling form fields properly, helping you learn accessibility basics as you go.

    Ease of Use

    Many automated scanners come with user-friendly dashboards or plugins. You don’t have to be a coding genius to interpret most of the results. Often, the tool itself provides guidance on how to fix whatever it finds.

    The Real-World Limitations of Automated Scans

    As powerful as they are, automated scans also have notable blind spots (no pun intended). If you rely solely on these tools, you could end up with a site that technically passes certain checks but still feels like a maze for users with disabilities.

    Lack of Context

    A scanner can confirm if there’s alt text on an image, but it can’t determine if that text is accurate or helpful. An automated report might be happy to see you labeled your button as “Button,” but that label doesn’t tell a user what the button actually does.

    Missing Nuances

    Some accessibility aspects aren’t purely code-based; they’re about user experience and clarity. For example, is your site’s language too complicated for people with cognitive disabilities? Or is the layout tricky for those navigating with a screen reader? Automated tools struggle with these questions because they can’t judge user-friendliness the same way a person can.

    False Flags

    It’s common to get false positives (where the tool flags a problem that might not actually be a problem) or false negatives (where the tool fails to spot a genuine issue). This can lead you down the wrong path or lull you into thinking your site is perfectly fine when it’s not.

    Limited Scenarios

    Accessibility is more than code. What happens when someone uses only a keyboard to navigate your site? Or how does your site work for someone who relies on voice commands or a screen reader? Automated scans can’t replicate all these scenarios.

    Overconfidence and the Need for Manual Testing

    Automated tools can create a false sense of security. Just because a scanner says you’re 90% accessible doesn’t mean your site is truly welcoming for all. This is where manual testing comes in.

    Beyond the Scan: Why Manual Testing Still Rules

    Manual testing is where you or a tester interacts with your site in a more human way. Yes, it’s more time-intensive, but it’s also where you’ll uncover issues an automated tool can’t detect.

    Keyboard-Only Navigation

    One of the most fundamental manual tests is trying to tab through your site without using a mouse. If you can’t reach a menu item or submit a form using only the keyboard, that’s a major red flag.

    Screen Reader Assessments

    Automated scans might say you have alt text in all the right places, but only a real screen reader test will tell you if that text makes sense in context. Does it describe important images properly? Does the reading order make sense, or does it jump around the page?

    Real Users, Real Feedback

    Inviting people with various disabilities to use your site can reveal issues you never even knew existed. Maybe certain wording is confusing, or a CAPTCHA system is impossible to complete using assistive technology. Nothing beats firsthand feedback.

    Manual testing fills the gaps that scanners leave behind, ensuring your site isn’t just “passing a test” but actually creating a positive experience. While it can require more resources (time and possibly hiring outside help), the results are worth it.

    Keeping Accessibility an Ongoing Priority

    Accessibility isn’t something you do once and forget about. Think of your website as a living, breathing entity: you add content, tweak layouts, and launch new features over time. Each change could introduce fresh accessibility challenges.

    So, how exactly do automated scans fit into a more complete approach to accessibility?

    Putting It All Together: A Holistic Accessibility Game Plan

    1. Start with an Automated Scan – Run a scan and fix low-hanging fruit, such as missing alt text and color contrast problems.
    2. Add Manual Checks – Navigate your site using only a keyboard and a screen reader. Identify areas that feel confusing or broken.
    3. Get Professional Input – If your site is critical to your business, hire an accessibility specialist for a thorough audit.
    4. Keep It Going – Schedule periodic scans, manual audits, and staff training. Accessibility should be part of your workflow.
    5. Stay Informed – Follow updates to WCAG and relevant U.S. laws, and continue learning from accessibility experts.

    The Best of Both Worlds: Automated and Manual Testing

    Achieving true web accessibility requires more than just running a quick scan—it demands a balanced approach that combines the speed of automation with the insight of manual testing. Automated tools can help identify glaring issues, but only real human interaction can ensure a seamless experience for all users. By integrating both strategies, you’re not just checking a compliance box—you’re creating a more inclusive, user-friendly web presence that benefits everyone.

    Start your journey toward full web accessibility today—reach out to 216digital using the form below! Our team of accessibility experts is ready to assess your site and provide tailored solutions to ensure that all visitors can easily access your content. Don’t let accessibility remain an afterthought—take the first step towards a more inclusive online presence now.

    Greg McNeil

    February 13, 2025
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility Audit, Accessibility testing, automated testing, manual audit, Manual Testing, Web Accessibility
  • Can Free Web Accessibility Tools Improve Your Website?

    If you’re new to website accessibility, you might feel a bit overwhelmed by all the information out there. You may have heard about legal requirements, user experience best practices, and even some fancy-sounding tools. But where do you begin? Maybe you’re wondering if a few free tools can do everything you need or if you’ll have to hire an expert. Rest assured, even small improvements can have a huge impact on your audience. We’ve also rounded up some of the best free tools to get you started—so you can begin making a difference right away without breaking the bank. It’s all about progress over perfection, so let’s dive in!

    What is a Website Accessibility Audit?

    A website accessibility audit is a thorough evaluation of your website to identify barriers that might prevent people with disabilities from accessing your content. These barriers can include issues with navigation, readability, or compatibility with assistive technologies like screen readers. The goal of an audit is to ensure that everyone uses your website, regardless of their abilities.

    Why Conduct a Website Accessibility Audit?

    Before we jump into the free tools, let’s talk about why accessibility matters. For starters, it’s the right thing to do. Everyone deserves a fair shot at using the web. But it also has major perks for you:

    Better User Experience

    An accessible website isn’t just for people with disabilities; it improves the experience for all users. When users can quickly find what they need and interact seamlessly, they’re more likely to stay longer, return, and even convert. Simply put, good accessibility means a smoother, more satisfying experience for all.

    Higher Search Engine Rankings

    Search engines favor websites with a clear structure and good usability, which means accessibility improvements can also boost your SEO.

    Legal Compliance

    Many regions, including the United States, have laws requiring websites to be accessible. Conducting regular accessibility audits helps ensure your site meets standards like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), reducing legal risks and reinforcing your commitment to inclusivity.

    By using web accessibility tools, you can tackle these challenges in a manageable way. It’s all about finding the issues, understanding them, and fixing them one step at a time.

    Top Free Web Accessibility Tools

    Now, let’s explore some of the best free web accessibility tools out there. These tools can give you a snapshot of common issues—like color contrast problems or missing headings—and help you decide what to fix first.

    1. WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool)

    WAVE is a free browser extension and online service. You just plug in your site’s URL, and it gives you a report. WAVE highlights issues in real-time, pointing out where you might need better alt text or labeling. It also marks contrast errors. Because it’s from WebAIM, you know the tool has a solid background in accessibility guidelines.

    How to Use WAVE

    • Visit the WAVE website.
    • Enter your website URL or upload a file.
    • Review the visual feedback and detailed report to identify and fix issues.

    2. Google Lighthouse

    Google Lighthouse is built right into the Google Chrome browser. If you open your site, press the “F12” key (on Windows), and head to the “Lighthouse” tab, you can run an accessibility audit. It scores your site on things like color contrast, proper headings, and more. It’s not perfect, but it’s a great jumpstart in your journey to a more accessible site.

    How to Use Google Lighthouse

    • Open your website in Google Chrome.
    • Right-click and select “Inspect” to open DevTools.
    • Navigate to the “Lighthouse” tab.
    • Choose the “Accessibility” category and run the audit.
    • Analyze the generated report and address the highlighted issues.

    3. Contrast Checker by WebAIM

    Ever squinted at text because it was too light? The Contrast Checker helps you avoid that by testing color pairs. You type in your text color and background color, and it tells you if they meet the WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) standards. This is one of those web accessibility tools that’s simple but very effective.

    How to Use the Contrast Checker

    • Go to the WebAIM Contrast Checker page.
    • Enter the foreground (text) and background color values.
    • The tool will indicate whether the contrast ratio meets WCAG standards.

    4. Accessibility Insights

    Accessibility Insights is a free, open-source tool from Microsoft. It offers both automated checks and guided manual tests. The automated checks are quick and easy, while the guided process teaches you how to find deeper issues. This makes it one of the more beginner-friendly web accessibility tools out there.

    Practical Steps to Improve Your Website’s Accessibility

    Using these free web accessibility tools is just the beginning. After you get your scan results, you need to take action. Here are a few steps you can start with:

    1. Add Alt Text to Images: Make sure every image has a helpful text description. This is especially important if the image contains meaningful information.
    2. Use Proper Headings: Structure your content with <h1> for titles, <h2> for main sections, and so on. This helps screen reader users navigate your pages.
    3. Check Color Contrast: Use a tool like Contrast Checker by WebAIM to ensure your text is visible against its background.
    4. Label Your Forms: Make sure all form fields have clear labels. This helps screen reader users fill out forms without confusion.
    5. Add Descriptive Link Text: Avoid vague text like “click here.” Instead, describe what the link leads to, such as “View our Accessibility Guide.”

    Keep in mind that these improvements benefit everyone, not just users with disabilities. People browsing on mobile devices, for example, appreciate clear structure and easy-to-read text, too.

    Technical Explanations Made Simple

    WCAG

    The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines are like the rules of the road for website accessibility. They tell you the best practices for things like color contrast, keyboard navigation, and more.

    Screen Readers

    These are programs that read text on a screen aloud for people who can’t see the content. If your site is poorly structured, screen readers may stumble, making your site frustrating or even impossible to use.

    ARIA Tags

    ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) tags help make dynamic content accessible. If you have dropdown menus or pop-up windows, ARIA can signal to assistive technologies how those elements should behave.

    By understanding these basics, you can go beyond just automated scans and make meaningful changes.

    The Limitations of Free Tools

    As great as these free web accessibility tools are, they can only do so much. They mostly check for errors that can be caught by automated rules. They might flag missing alt text or color contrast issues, but they can’t always figure out the context of an image or the logic behind a complex form. They also can’t simulate how a person using a screen reader or keyboard-only navigation might interact with your site. In fact, automated scans can only detect around 30% of accessibility errors. That means you’ll still have hidden issues that only a real user with assistive technology or a skilled reviewer can uncover.

    It’s a bit like relying on a spelling checker to edit a long report. Sure, it catches most misspellings, but not the misused words or awkward sentences. You still need a human editor to clean it up completely.

    Moving Forward With a More Inclusive Website

    Free web accessibility tools give you a fantastic starting point. They shine a light on basic issues and help you learn the ropes of website accessibility. But remember that these scans only catch about a third of the barriers your visitors might face. That’s why a deeper dive—like manual testing, user feedback, and expert reviews—is so important.

    By taking these first steps, you’re already showing you care about providing an inclusive and welcoming space for everyone. Ready to keep going? We at 216digital can help you take your accessibility journey to the next level. Whether you need a more comprehensive audit, expert guidance, or hands-on assistance, our team is here to make sure your site truly meets the needs of all users. Reach out today, and let’s keep building a more accessible web—together!

    Greg McNeil

    January 28, 2025
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, evaluation tools, Web Accessibility, Web accessibility tools
  • How to Use JAWS for Screen Reader Testing

    For millions of people with visual impairments, screen readers like Job Access With Speech (JAWS) are essential for navigating the digital world. According to a 2024 WebAIM survey, JAWS continues to lead the way as one of the most widely used screen readers, with 41% of respondents relying on it—outpacing other tools like NonVisual Desktop Access (NVDA) and Apple VoiceOver.

    If you’re focused on building an accessible digital experience, incorporating screen reader testing into your workflow is a must. Not only does it help you create a more inclusive website, but it also supports compliance with accessibility laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), WCAG standards, and more.

    In this guide, we’ll break down how to use JAWS for accessibility testing, explore essential commands, and share tips for improving your website’s usability. But first, a quick look at what makes it such a powerful tool.

    What is JAWS?

    JAWS, developed by Freedom Scientific, is a screen reader that converts on-screen text into speech or braille for users who are blind or visually impaired. It allows users to navigate websites, applications, and documents without needing to see the screen.

    JAWS is one of the most popular screen readers globally, making it an essential tool for web accessibility testing. By simulating how users rely on assistive technologies, JAWS helps you identify barriers that may prevent someone from fully engaging with your website.

    Why is JAWS Essential for Accessibility Testing?

    Accessibility testing is about ensuring everyone, regardless of ability, can interact with your website. JAWS plays a vital role in this process because:

    • Real-World Simulation: JAWS mimics how many visually impaired users experience the web, allowing you to uncover issues that automated tools might miss.
    • WCAG Compliance: Testing with JAWS helps ensure your website complies with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), a global standard for digital accessibility.
    • Improved User Experience: By identifying and fixing accessibility barriers, you create a more inclusive, user-friendly experience for all visitors.

    How to Set Up JAWS

    1. Download and Install JAWS: Visit the Freedom Scientific website to download JAWS. While it’s a paid tool, a 40-minute free demo mode is available for testing purposes.
    2. System Requirements: Ensure your computer meets the system requirements. JAWS works on Windows but does not support macOS directly.
    3. Set Up Your Environment: Use headphones to listen while testing so the screen reader’s output doesn’t interfere with other tasks.
    4. Familiarize Yourself with the Settings: Spend time exploring the settings menu to adjust speech rate, verbosity, and other preferences.

    Key JAWS Commands You Need to Know

    Learning a few essential JAWS commands will make testing faster and more effective. Here are some basics to get you started:

    • Navigating Headings: Press H to jump to the next heading and Shift + H to go to the previous heading.
    • Lists: Press L to move to the next list and I to navigate to individual list items.
    • Links: Use Tab to navigate through links or Insert + F7 to bring up a list of all links on the page.
    • Forms: Press F to jump to the next form field and Shift + F to go to the previous one.
    • Read the Page: Use Insert + Down Arrow to read the page continuously or Arrow Keys for manual reading.

    Step-by-Step Guide to Testing Web Accessibility with JAWS

    Start with the Homepage

    Open your website’s homepage and let JAWS read through it. Check if the content flows logically and whether important elements, like headings and links, are announced correctly.

    Test Navigation

    Use the Tab key to navigate through links and interactive elements. Ensure focus indicators are visible and links are descriptive (e.g., “Learn More” should specify the action or page it leads to).

    Evaluate Headings

    Press Insert + F6 to bring up a list of headings. Verify that they are hierarchical and descriptive, making it easier for users to navigate.

    Check Forms

    Navigate through form fields using the F key. Test for proper labeling, keyboard navigation, and error message announcements.

    Test Images and Alt Text

    JAWS will read the alt text of images. Ensure images have descriptive alt text and that decorative images are marked appropriately (e.g., as null or empty).

    Assess ARIA Roles and Landmarks

    Use JAWS to test ARIA roles, landmarks, and live regions. Verify that these elements provide meaningful context to screen reader users.

    Document Issues

    As you test, document any barriers you encounter, such as missing alt text, unclear link descriptions, or inaccessible forms. Include the steps to replicate the issue and suggest solutions.

    Tips for Effective JAWS Testing

    • Pair with a Keyboard-Only Test: Ensure your website is fully navigable using only a keyboard, as this is crucial for screen reader users.
    • Listen Critically: Pay attention to how JAWS announces content. Confusing or incomplete announcements signal a need for improvement.
    • Focus on User Experience: Think about how easy it would be for a JAWS user to accomplish key tasks on your website, such as making a purchase or finding contact information.
    • Test Multiple Pages: Don’t stop at the homepage. Test a variety of pages, including forms, product pages, and blogs.

    Limitations of JAWS

    While JAWS is an invaluable tool for accessibility testing, it has limitations:

    • Cost: It is expensive, which may be a barrier for smaller teams or independent developers.
    • Learning Curve: The abundance of commands and settings can be overwhelming for beginners.
    • Not a Catch-All Solution: JAWS testing alone cannot guarantee accessibility compliance. It’s essential to pair it with other tools and techniques.

    Why JAWS Should Be Paired with Other Tools

    JAWS provides critical insights, but no single tool can capture all accessibility issues. Consider pairing it with:

    • Automated Testing Tools: Tools like WAVE and Lighthouse can quickly identify common issues, such as missing alt text or low contrast.
    • Other Screen Readers: Testing with multiple screen readers, such as NVDA or VoiceOver, ensures compatibility across platforms.
    • Manual Testing: Involve users with disabilities in your testing process to gain authentic feedback.

    Building a More Inclusive Web

    Testing your website with JAWS is a powerful step toward creating an inclusive digital environment. By understanding how screen reader users interact with your content, you can uncover barriers and make meaningful improvements. Remember, accessibility is not just about compliance—it’s about creating a web that works for everyone.

    While JAWS is a fantastic tool, it should be part of a broader accessibility strategy that includes other tools, user testing, and a commitment to following WCAG guidelines. With the actionable insights from this guide, you’re well on your way to improving your website’s accessibility and making a positive impact on all your users.

    Let’s work together to make the web a more inclusive place!

    Need help with accessibility testing? If you’re ready to take your accessibility efforts to the next level, 216digital can help. Our team specializes in comprehensive accessibility solutions that go beyond surface fixes. Schedule an ADA briefing with us today by using the contact form below. Let’s work together to make your website accessible to everyone.

    Greg McNeil

    January 16, 2025
    How-to Guides, Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility testing, assistive technology, How-to, JAWS, screen readers, user testing
  • WAVE Accessibility Tool: A Step-by-Step Guide

    Have you ever clicked on a website and felt completely lost—like the menus were in hidden corners, or the text was so tiny you had to squint? Sometimes, the root of that problem is an accessibility issue. Put simply, a site might not be built in a way that everyone can use comfortably. That’s where WAVE comes in. WAVE (short for Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool) helps detect areas on your website with barriers and provides you with tips on how to fix them. It’s free, easy to use, and super handy for making sure your site works for everyone. 

    If you’ve never heard of WAVE or used it before, don’t worry—you’re not alone! In this guide, we’ll break it down step by step and show you how it can make your website better, clearer, and more user-friendly. Let’s dive in!

    What Is the WAVE Accessibility Tool?

    So, what exactly is WAVE? Created by WebAIM, this free tool looks for possible problems on any webpage and points them out. Think of it like a traffic light system for your site’s accessibility. If there’s a red light, it means an issue needs immediate attention—like missing text descriptions for images (which can be a big deal for screen reader users). If something’s in yellow, it could be a warning sign that may or may not become a problem.

    But what makes WAVE so remarkable is its visual approach: it marks up your page with icons and colored boxes so you can spot issues right where they happen. It also highlights structural elements—like headings, landmarks, and ARIA attributes—to ensure your website is logically organized and easy to navigate. No more digging through code and guessing what went wrong. Just click, glance, and fix!

    Key Features of WAVE Accessibility Tools

    Browser Extensions

    If you’re a fan of quick-and-easy solutions (who isn’t?), you’ll love WAVE browser extensions. You can add them to Chrome or Firefox with just a few clicks. Once that’s done, go to any webpage, hit the WAVE icon in your toolbar, and boom—you get an instant report without switching tabs. It’s perfect for those of us who like minimal fuss.

    Online WAVE Tool

    If extensions aren’t your thing or you’re using a borrowed computer, don’t worry. WAVE also has an online tool. All you have to do is visit the WAVE website, copy the link to the page you want to test and paste it. Within seconds, you get a full-page view loaded with accessibility markers. This approach keeps you flexible, especially if you switch devices a lot.

    Visual Feedback

    One of the best parts of WAVE is how it breaks down what might be going wrong. Errors, warnings, and even things that are working just fine each get their own unique symbols. You’ll see icons, colors, and outlines placed directly on top of the webpage elements. This visual overlay system helps you zero in on issues (like missing alt text or poor contrast ratios) more quickly than poring over raw code.

    Accessibility Panels

    After WAVE loads your page, you can explore different panels to learn more:

    • Summary Panel: This shows you how many errors, alerts, and features were found.
    • Structure Panel: Gives you a rundown of your headings, lists, and how the page is organized. This is super helpful for seeing whether screen readers will read your page in a logical order.
    • Details Panel: Goes deeper by explaining each issue and how to fix it. If you’re the type of person who likes step-by-step instructions, you’ll feel right at home here.

    How to Use WAVE Effectively

    Getting Started

    First things first: pick your favorite way to use WAVE. If you like convenience, grab the Chrome or Firefox extension. If you’d rather not install anything, head straight to the online WAVE site. From there, it’s as simple as entering your page’s URL. Once you see your page covered with icons, you’ll know you’re in business.

    Running an Analysis

    When you launch WAVE, it basically scans the webpage in front of you and marks all the potential issues. Think of it like a helpful friend pointing out the spinach in your teeth—except here, it’s pointing out an image without alt text or headings that aren’t in the right order. You might see red icons (these are errors), yellow icons (warnings), or other symbols that highlight good features, too. Scroll down to make sure you don’t miss any marks hiding at the bottom of the page.

    Interpreting Results

    Getting an A+ in accessibility can feel like unlocking a secret achievement! But sometimes, your first scan with WAVE might bring up a list of errors longer than you’d hoped. Don’t panic. Errors typically mean your site is missing something important, like proper labels for form fields or headings that make sense. Warnings, on the other hand, are more like gentle taps on the shoulder, suggesting a potential issue.

    You’ll also see that WAVE links these issues to specific guidelines from the WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines). That might sound fancy, but it basically helps you follow official rules, so you’re not just guessing how to fix stuff.

    Prioritizing Fixes

    So, you’ve got a bunch of red and yellow icons—where do you even start? Focus on the red ones first (the errors). Fix things like missing alt text or form labels right away since those directly affect how people access and use your content. Next, tackle the warnings. You might spot patterns, like repeated heading problems across several pages. Fixing them in one swoop can save you a lot of time.

    Exporting and Sharing Results

    If you’re part of a team, you’ll probably want to show your coworkers what needs fixing. WAVE makes this easy—there’s an option to export the report or share a link to the scanned page. This can be a lifesaver when you need to prove to a manager that certain design choices might be causing trouble for users. Plus, it keeps everyone on the same page—literally!

    Strengths and Limitations of WAVE

    WAVE is user-friendly, offers quick visual feedback, and gives both beginners and experienced developers something to love. It’s like having a built-in teacher who highlights mistakes and nudges you toward the right answers.

    What It Does Well

    • Highlights errors and warnings right on the page.
    • Teaches you about accessibility by explaining each issue.
    • Checks for essential elements like color contrast, heading hierarchy, and ARIA attributes.
    • It works within your browser or online, so no extra files are needed.

    Where It Falls Short

    • Single-Page Focus: WAVE is excellent for testing one page at a time but isn’t designed to crawl an entire site in one go.
    • Scope of Automation: Automated checks can’t evaluate everything—like the clarity of your alt text or how user-friendly your navigation is. Manual testing is still essential, especially for things like complex JavaScript interactions.
    • Not a Magic Fix: WAVE won’t fix issues for you—it only shows you what to work on. Consider it a trusty sidekick, not a fully automated superhero.

    Best Practices for Using WAVE

    Combine with Other Tools

    While WAVE is incredible, consider also using tools like Google Lighthouse or Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar). The more eyes on your site, the better.

    Manual Testing Matters

    Automated tools can catch a lot of problems, but human testing can uncover hidden barriers—like confusing navigation menus or unclear copy. Think of WAVE as your first line of defense, not the only line.

    Train Your Team

    If you’re not the only one updating the website, make sure others know how to read and understand WAVE reports. Accessibility is more manageable when everybody’s on board.

    Start Early

    Don’t wait until your site goes live to test for accessibility. Use WAVE during the design phase so you can catch significant issues before they become big headaches.

    Make It Part of a Bigger Strategy

    Use WAVE as the baseline for your accessibility plan. Re-run tests after making changes and encourage feedback from real users. Over time, you’ll build a more inclusive experience.

    That’s a Wrap: Waving Goodbye to Barriers

    Making your site accessible is really about welcoming everyone—whether they use screen readers, need larger text, or want a smoother experience. WAVE takes the guesswork out of finding those hidden roadblocks. It shows you exactly where to focus your efforts, helping you make fast progress toward a more inclusive website.

    As powerful as WAVE is, remember that it’s only one piece of the puzzle. Combining WAVE’s insights with manual testing, user feedback, and other evaluation tools like Axe or Lighthouse will give you a well-rounded approach to accessibility. Over time, you’ll find that accessibility isn’t just about rules and standards—it’s about caring for the people visiting your site. Happy scanning, and may your website become a place where everyone feels right at home!

    Greg McNeil

    January 13, 2025
    Testing & Remediation, Web Accessibility Monitoring
    Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, WAVE, Web Accessibility
  • Accessibility Extensions: How Reliable Are They?

    Making a website that everyone can use is an important goal for content creators, website owners, and developers. People who have disabilities, such as vision or hearing impairments, should have the same access to information and services as anyone else. Web accessibility removes barriers so all users can enjoy and navigate online content. One tool that can help is accessibility extensions—browser add-ons or standalone software that scans a website for common accessibility problems. But can you rely on these extensions alone to achieve a fully inclusive site? 

    In this article, we’ll discuss how these tools work, where they shine, and where you need to look beyond them to create truly accessible websites.

    What Are Web Accessibility Extensions?

    Web accessibility extensions are programs that you add to your internet browser or use as separate tools to check how well a website follows specific accessibility standards. These rules often come from guidelines like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) set by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). 

    The extensions scan a webpage’s code and point out things that might make it hard for users with disabilities to use. For example, if a picture is missing a text description (called “alt text”), an accessibility extension might highlight that. Or, if your text color and background color are too similar, the extension might let you know that the contrast is poor.

    Popular Accessibility Extensions

    There are many accessibility extensions to choose from, and each has its own strengths:

    1. Google Lighthouse: This free, open-source tool is built right into Google Chrome’s Developer Tools. It checks your website for performance, accessibility, and search engine optimization (SEO) issues. Lighthouse’s accessibility report can show you issues like missing labels on form fields and low color contrast.
    2. BrowserStack: While not strictly an extension, BrowserStack is a popular platform that lets you test your website on many devices and browsers. It also includes accessibility checks so you can spot problems before your site goes live.
    3. Color Enhancer: This Chrome extension is helpful for testing different color settings. It simulates how someone with color vision challenges might see your site, helping you adjust your color palette.
    4. Total Validator: This tool checks for multiple issues at once. It looks for accessibility problems, HTML errors, and even spelling mistakes. It’s useful if you want an all-in-one solution.

    Why These Tools Are Helpful

    Accessibility extensions can save time and money, especially in the early stages of website development. They’re usually easy to install and use, often with just a few clicks. Many come at no cost, making them friendly for anyone’s budget. They also highlight the low-hanging fruit—simple issues you can fix quickly, like missing alt text, mislabeled buttons, or poor contrast.

    When used regularly, these extensions can become part of your workflow. For instance, you can run Google Lighthouse each time you make a new page, making sure you don’t introduce new errors. Color Enhancer can be switched on while you design graphics, so you can instantly check your chosen colors. By catching issues early, you reduce the risk of more significant accessibility barriers piling up later.

    The Limits of Accessibility Extensions

    While these tools can be beneficial, they can’t do everything. Accessibility is about real-life user experience. Extensions might catch many problems, but there are several reasons they might not be enough:

    1. They Don’t Catch All Errors: Some issues are complicated and need a human eye. For example, a tool might not realize that your navigation menu is confusing or that your form error messages aren’t explained well.
    2. Automation Can Miss Nuances: An extension may mark something as fine even if it’s not easy to use in practice. Think of a button that looks accessible but is tricky to reach using keyboard navigation. Human testing would catch that, but an automated tool might not.
    3. Limited Customization: Some extensions can’t adapt to specialized needs. If your website has complex interactive elements or unique design features, an extension might not provide accurate feedback.

    Practical Steps for Using Accessibility Extensions

    To get the most out of your accessibility extensions, you can follow a simple process:

    1. Install One or More Extensions: Pick a couple that make sense for your workflow. For a developer, Google Lighthouse is a solid choice; Color Enhancer might be more fitting for a designer.
    2. Run Automatic Scans Often: When you add new content or launch a new feature, rerun the extension. This helps you fix issues before they become widespread.
    3. Review the Reports: Look at what the tool says and note any errors. For example, if Lighthouse tells you there’s missing alt text, add it immediately.
    4. Cross-Check with Another Tool: Since no single extension catches all issues, try a second tool to see if it spots something different. Combining tools gives you a more complete picture.
    5. Document Your Changes: Keep track of what you fix. If your team grows or you step away from a project, the next person will know what was corrected and why.

    Going Beyond Extensions: Manual Testing & Real Users

    Even the best technology can’t replace the insight of real people. To go beyond automated checks, try these methods:

    1. Manual Testing: Walk through your website with a keyboard only (no mouse). Can you reach all interactive elements, like menus, links, and form fields? Check if focus indicators (the outlines around clickable items) are visible so users know where they are on the page.
    2. Test with Assistive Technologies: Screen readers like NVDA (free for Windows) or VoiceOver (built into macOS and iOS) let people with visual impairments hear text read aloud. Try them out on your site. Can you follow the page structure logically? Are buttons and links announced clearly?
    3. Get Feedback from Users: Invite people with disabilities to test your site. This can be done in person or through online platforms. Their first-hand experiences will show you things no tool can catch.
    4. Follow WCAG Guidelines: The W3C’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines provide detailed advice about making websites more inclusive. Follow these guidelines to ensure you’re meeting recognized standards.
    5. Keep Checking Over Time: Accessibility isn’t a “one-and-done” situation. Technology changes, and so does your site’s content. Regular audits help you stay current with new requirements or tools.

    Professional Tools and Services

    For more significant sites or those in specific industries, it can help to invest in professional tools or services. Some companies offer advanced scanning that runs on a schedule and sends alerts when accessibility issues are found. Others offer expert audits, which include hands-on testing by accessibility specialists. Examples include:

    • a11y.Radar: Provides automated scans, real-time issue tracking, and actionable developer guidance. It integrates with CI/CD workflows and offers analytics to monitor progress and prioritize critical fixes.
    • Siteimprove: This includes monitoring and scoring your site based on accessibility, SEO, and more.
    • Specialized Accessibility Consultancies: Hiring an experienced team can help with complex sites or strict legal requirements.

    Additional Resources to Explore

    If you’d like to learn more or go deeper into this topic, here are a few helpful links:

    • W3C Web Accessibility Initiative: Offers guidelines, techniques, and tutorials on how to create an accessible website.
    • WebAIM: Contains articles, tools (like the WAVE Extension), and a community forum focused on accessibility.
    • A11y Project: A community-driven site with guides, checklists, and news about web accessibility.
    • Section508.gov: Focuses on accessibility laws and standards in the United States.

    Conclusion

    Accessibility extensions are a great starting point. They quickly show you common issues and give you ideas on what to fix. Yet, relying on them alone doesn’t ensure everyone can use your site. By also doing manual checks and involving people with different abilities, you can create a richer, more usable online experience. Combining automated scanning, real-world testing, and guidelines like WCAG gives you the best chance of meeting everyone’s needs.

    Remember, building an inclusive website is an ongoing journey. Updates to your site, new browser versions, and changing assistive technologies mean there’s always something more to learn. Encourage your team to see accessibility as a shared responsibility. Keep your tools up to date, document your progress, and work together to reduce barriers for all. In the end, these efforts not only help people with disabilities, but they also make your site more user-friendly for everyone.

    If you’re ready to take the next step in making your website accessible, 216digital can help. From expert audits to ongoing monitoring with our a11y.Radar tool, we’re here to guide you every step of the way. Contact 216digital today and ensure your website meets the highest standards for accessibility, usability, and inclusivity. Together, we can build a web that works for everyone.

    Greg McNeil

    January 8, 2025
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, accessibility extensions, evaluation tools, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Keyboard Navigation: A Guide to Accessible Web Testing

    Have you ever tried using the internet without a mouse?

    For millions of people, that’s not just a thought experiment—it’s how they navigate the internet every day. Whether it’s because of physical limitations, visual impairments, or using assistive tech, the keyboard is their main tool. But here’s the thing: if your website doesn’t work smoothly with a keyboard, you’re not just creating a frustrating experience—you’re leaving people behind. 

    So, how does your site stack up? Let’s dive into why keyboard navigation matters and how it plays a key role in building an accessible web.

    Why Keyboard Navigation Matters

    Keyboard navigation is a lifeline for users who can’t rely on a mouse due to physical limitations, visual impairments, or the use of assistive technologies. Moreover, it’s an excellent starting point for testing overall web accessibility. If your website works seamlessly with a keyboard, you’re likely on track to create an inclusive experience for all users.

    How to Navigate a Website with Keyboard Shortcuts

    Before you start testing your website’s accessibility, it’s helpful to understand the most common keyboard shortcuts users rely on. These shortcuts allow people to move through links, buttons, forms, and other interactive elements.

    • Tab Key: Moves focus to the next interactive element.
    • Shift + Tab: Moves focus to the previous element.
    • Enter or Spacebar: Activates a focused element, such as clicking a link or button.
    • Arrow Keys: Scroll through pages or navigate dropdown menus.
    • Escape (Esc): Closes modals, dropdowns, or pop-ups.
    • Ctrl + F: Opens a search bar (in most browsers) to find specific content on the page.

    For Mac users on Safari, enabling full keyboard navigation is a quick adjustment:

    1. Open Safari Preferences.
    2. Go to the Advanced tab.
    3. Check the box next to “Press Tab to highlight each item on a webpage.”

    With these basics in mind, you’re ready to put your website to the test.

    Testing Your Website for Keyboard Navigation

    Keyboard testing doesn’t require fancy tools—just a keyboard, a browser, and a little know-how. Follow this step-by-step guide to evaluate your site’s accessibility.

    Start with the Basics: Can You Navigate Without a Mouse?

    Unplug your mouse and navigate through your homepage and other key pages using only the keyboard. Can you access all essential features and content?

    Check Focus Indicators

    Focus indicators are crucial for users who rely on visual cues. As you use the Tab key, ensure there’s a visible outline around the element currently in focus. Check for the following:

    • The focus indicator is easy to see and contrasts well with the background.
    • The focus moves logically through elements in the order they appear on the page.

    If the focus jumps around or disappears, it creates a frustrating experience for users.

    Test Interactive Elements

    Interactive elements like buttons, links, and form fields should be fully accessible. Specifically:

    • Can you submit a form using the Enter or Spacebar key?
    • Can you open and close modals or dropdown menus with the keyboard?
    • Do navigation menus function seamlessly?

    Verify Skip Navigation Links

    Skip navigation links allow users to bypass repetitive elements, like menus, and jump straight to the main content. To check this:

    • Ensure the skip navigation link is present and functional.
    • Verify it’s one of the first focusable elements when using the Tab key.

    Watch Out for Keyboard Traps

    Keyboard traps occur when users get stuck in an element, like a modal or widget, and can’t move forward. Ensure users can exit these areas by pressing the Escape key or tabbing out.

    Tips for Better Keyboard Navigation

    Creating an accessible website doesn’t happen by accident. Here are a few tips to enhance keyboard navigation for all users:

    • Design with Focus in Mind: Use CSS to style focus outlines for clarity and visibility. Avoid removing focus outlines entirely.
    • Ensure Logical Focus Order: Use semantic HTML (e.g., <button> and <a>) and avoid custom elements that might disrupt natural focus flow.
    • Leverage ARIA Roles and Labels: Use ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) roles and labels to make custom components like sliders or dropdowns keyboard accessible.
    • Test Regularly: Accessibility is not a one-and-done task. Regular testing ensures your website stays accessible as it evolves.

    Common Challenges and How to Address Them

    Even with the best intentions, challenges may arise. Here are some common issues and solutions:

    • Invisible Focus: Use the :focus pseudo-class in CSS to style interactive elements for better visibility.
    • Complex Widgets: Components like carousels or accordions can lack keyboard support. Build these elements with accessibility in mind or use accessible libraries.
    • Poorly Labeled Links: Ensure all links and buttons have clear, descriptive text or labels so users know what action they’ll perform.

    Why Focus on Keyboard Navigation?

    Beyond accessibility, testing your website for keyboard navigation improves overall user experience and usability. Keyboard accessibility is often a foundation for ensuring compatibility with screen readers and other assistive technologies. If your website works well for a keyboard user, it’s likely on its way to meeting broader accessibility standards like WCAG 2.1.

    Next Steps: Make Your Website Keyboard-Accessible

    Keyboard navigation is more than just a best practice—it’s a cornerstone of inclusive design that invites everyone to participate fully on the web. By ensuring your site is keyboard-accessible, you create a welcoming experience for users of all abilities, reinforce your brand’s commitment to accessibility, and lay a strong foundation for broader ADA compliance.

    If you’re ready to take the next step toward digital inclusion, reach out to 216digital to schedule an ADA briefing. We’ll help you assess your website, develop a tailored plan, and guide you through the process of building an online presence that works for everyone. Don’t wait—contact us today and let’s make the internet a more accessible place together.

    Greg McNeil

    December 24, 2024
    How-to Guides, Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility testing, keyboard accessibility, Keyboard Navigation, User Experience, Web Accessibility
  • Accessibility for All: Strategies for Every Step of Your Journey

    As 2025 begins, it brings a fresh chance to make the digital world more welcoming for everyone. Accessibility isn’t just about compliance—it’s about creating online spaces that feel inviting and easy to use for all. Whether you’re just starting out or looking to polish your existing efforts, there’s always room to grow. By focusing on small, steady improvements and putting user needs at the center, you can create something that truly works for everyone.

    Getting Started: Understanding the Basics

    Starting something new can feel overwhelming, but you’re not alone. Many organizations are just beginning their accessibility journey, and that’s okay. The first step is understanding why accessibility matters. After that, it’s all about taking simple, practical steps to meet the needs of people with disabilities.

    What is Digital Accessibility?

    Digital accessibility means making sure your website or app works for everyone, including people with disabilities. These include visual, hearing, cognitive, or mobility challenges. By focusing on accessibility, you’re not only helping people who rely on assistive technology like screen readers or voice commands—you’re making your site better for everyone.

    The WCAG Guidelines: Your Roadmap to Accessibility

    The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are a great starting point. Created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), these guidelines break into four easy-to-understand principles:

    • Perceivable: Make sure people can perceive your content. For example, add text descriptions for images and captions for videos.
    • Operable: Users should be able to interact with your site using different tools, like a keyboard or voice commands.
    • Understandable: Keep content clear and easy to navigate.
    • Robust: Make your site compatible with today’s tools and tomorrow’s technology.

    These principles are your guide to building an inclusive site.

    Quick Wins for Improving Accessibility

    If you’re ready to take action, start small. Here are some simple changes that can make a big difference:

    • Alt Text for Images: Add brief, clear descriptions to all images. This helps users who can’t see the images understand what’s there.
    • Video Captions: Always include captions. They’re a must for people who are deaf or hard of hearing and helpful for anyone watching videos without sound.
    • Color Contrast: Ensure your text stands out from the background. This makes it easier for everyone to read, especially those with visual impairments.
    • Keyboard Navigation: Make sure all site functions can be used with just a keyboard. This is essential for users with mobility challenges.

    These quick wins are easy to implement and can have an immediate impact.

    Refining Your Strategy: Policies and Processes

    Once you’ve mastered the basics, it’s time to think bigger. This means setting goals, creating policies, and making accessibility part of your routine.

    Establish Clear Accessibility Policies

    Write down your accessibility goals and plans. This keeps everyone on the same page. Your policy should outline what standards you’re following (like WCAG) and how you’ll measure success. A clear plan helps your team stay focused and committed.

    Training and Awareness

    Accessibility is a team effort. Train your designers, developers, and content creators on best practices. For instance, teach designers to create layouts that are easy to navigate and show writers how to craft accessible content. These small efforts add up to big improvements.

    User Testing and Feedback

    Test your site with people who use assistive technologies. They’ll help you spot issues you might miss. Even if you follow all the guidelines, real-world feedback is invaluable.

    Scaling Your Efforts: Advanced Solutions for Accessibility

    As your organization grows, your accessibility efforts can too. Here are some ideas for taking things to the next level:

    Accessibility Center of Excellence

    For larger organizations, consider creating a team dedicated to accessibility. This group can handle audits, provide training, and ensure best practices are followed. Making accessibility part of your culture keeps it at the forefront.

    Automation and Tools

    Manually checking every page for accessibility issues can be tough. Tools like WAVE and Google Lighthouse can help. They quickly identify problems and suggest fixes. But remember, these tools work best alongside manual reviews and user feedback.

    Leading Innovations and Setting Industry Standards

    Once you’ve mastered the basics, consider pushing boundaries. Could voice navigation help your users? Are there new technologies you can try? Sharing what you learn and advocating for accessibility can inspire others in your industry.

    Moving Forward: Accessibility as an Ongoing Process

    Accessibility isn’t a one-time task. As technology changes, so do the needs of your users. Regular updates and reviews keep your site inclusive. Services like Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar) can help by providing ongoing monitoring and insights to maintain compliance. Stay informed about changes to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and WCAG guidelines. By staying proactive, you’ll ensure your site works for everyone.

    Final Thoughts

    Making your digital space accessible isn’t just the right thing to do—it’s smart. Start with small changes and build from there. Think of accessibility as a journey, not a destination. Every step forward makes the internet a better place for everyone.

    Take action now, plan for the future, and keep innovating. The work you do today will make a lasting difference. Let’s build a more inclusive web together. Schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital to start your journey towards digital accessibility. Use the contact form below to get started.

    Greg McNeil

    December 17, 2024
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, Accessibility Remediation, ADA Compliance, WCAG, Website Accessibility
  • How to Test a Website for Accessibility

    Making sure your website works for everyone, including people with disabilities, isn’t just the right thing to do—it’s essential. Accessibility testing helps you find and fix issues that could make your site tough to use for people with visual, hearing, cognitive, or mobility impairments. Whether you’re a web developer, IT pro, or content creator, knowing how to test for accessibility can save you headaches—and money—later.

    In this guide, we’ll cover some simple, effective ways to check your site’s accessibility. Don’t worry; you don’t need to be an expert to get started. Let’s dive in!

    Why Website Accessibility Testing Matters

    Accessibility testing ensures your website is welcoming to everyone, regardless of their abilities. It also helps you stay in line with important standards like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and legal requirements like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

    But it’s not just about compliance—it’s about creating a better experience for all your users. For example:

    • Clear, organized content helps screen readers and makes reading easier for everyone.
    • Good color contrast improves visibility, whether you’re in bright sunlight or a dim room.
    • Keyboard-friendly navigation benefits people who can’t use a mouse and even power users who prefer shortcuts.

    Accessibility doesn’t just check a box—it enhances your site for everyone.

    Quick Accessibility Testing Methods

    You don’t need a deep dive into the world of accessibility to start testing your website. There are three main ways to test:

    1. Automated Testing
    2. Manual Testing
    3. Assistive Technology Testing

    Each method offers unique insights. Using them together? That’s your golden ticket to a more accessible site.

    Automated Accessibility Testing

    Automated tools are perfect for a quick scan. They flag common issues like missing alt text, messy headings, or poor color contrast. Think of them as a helpful starting point, not the end-all solution.

    Here are a few tools to get you started:

    • WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool): This browser extension highlights issues like missing alt text and improper ARIA attributes. Bonus: It’s free and super easy to use.
    • Google Lighthouse: Built right into Chrome’s DevTools, it gives your site an accessibility score and helpful feedback.
    • WebAIM’s Contrast Checker: This tool ensures your text and background colors meet WCAG’s contrast requirements.

    Pro Tip: Automated tools are great, but they’re not perfect. They might miss subtler issues or flag things that aren’t actually problems. Treat them as step one, not the whole process.

    Manual Accessibility Testing

    Sometimes, you need a human touch. Manual testing simulates real-world user experiences to catch what tools can’t.

    Try These Tests:

    • Keyboard Navigation Test:
      • Use the Tab key to move around your site. Can you access every link, button, and form?
      • Is there a visible focus indicator (like a highlight) on selected elements?
      • Does the navigation flow make sense?
      • If you can’t complete tasks like filling out a form or navigating menus, there’s work to do.
    • Color Contrast Test:
      • Use WebAIM’s Contrast Checker to make sure your text is easy to read against its background.
      • Aim for a 4.5:1 contrast ratio for normal text and 3:1 for large text (18px or larger).
    • Alt Text for Images:
      • Check your images. Does the alt text describe their content or purpose?
      • Decorative images? They should have empty alt text (e.g., alt=””).
    • Forms and Error Messages:
      • Are form labels clear?
      • Do error messages explain what went wrong and how to fix it?

    For further details on manual testing, please read our article “The Human Touch: Manual Testing for Web Accessibility.”

    Testing with Assistive Technologies

    If you want the real deal, test your site with the tools your users rely on. Screen readers like NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access) offer invaluable insights into how accessible your site really is.

    What to Check:

    • Is the content reading in a logical order?
    • Are links clear and descriptive?
    • Does alt text accurately describe images?

    Testing with assistive tech gives you a firsthand look at your site’s usability.

    Common Accessibility Issues to Watch For

    As you test, keep an eye out for these usual suspects:

    • Missing or unhelpful alt text.
    • Low color contrast.
    • Skipped heading levels (like jumping from H2 to H4).
    • Keyboard traps where navigation gets stuck.
    • Forms without labels or clear error messages.
    • No visible focus indicators for buttons or links.

    The Limitations of Quick Tests

    Quick tests are awesome for a first pass, but they won’t catch everything. For example:

    • They might miss problems with interactive elements or dynamic content.
    • They don’t always account for users with cognitive disabilities.

    For a deeper dive, consider a professional audit. Experts can evaluate your site with advanced tools, manual reviews, and assistive tech to ensure you’re fully WCAG-compliant.

    Why Overlays Aren’t the Solution

    You might’ve seen tools promising quick fixes with overlays or widgets. Sounds tempting, right? But these “solutions” often create more problems than they solve.

    Here’s Why Overlays Fall Short:

    • They don’t address underlying code issues.
    • They can clash with screen readers and other assistive technologies.
    • They frustrate users instead of helping them.

    Real accessibility starts with your site’s design and development, not a temporary patch.

    Wrapping It Up: A Holistic Approach to Accessibility

    Testing your website for accessibility doesn’t have to be overwhelming. By starting with automated tools like WAVE or Google Lighthouse and layering in manual checks for keyboard navigation, color contrast, and assistive technology testing, you can create a more inclusive experience for all users.

    But remember, quick tests are just the beginning. Regular testing and professional audits ensure your website meets accessibility standards and provides the best possible user experience.

    If you’re ready to take your accessibility efforts to the next level, 216digital can help. Our team specializes in comprehensive accessibility solutions that go beyond surface fixes. Schedule an ADA briefing with us today by using the contact form below. Let’s work together to make your website accessible to everyone.

    Greg McNeil

    December 16, 2024
    How-to Guides, Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, Accessibility Remediation, Accessibility testing, Web Accessibility Remediation, Website Accessibility
  • Progress Over Perfection: Steps Toward Digital Accessibility 

    In today’s digital world, creating websites and content that are accessible to everyone should be a top priority. But let’s face it — making your website completely accessible for every single user can feel like an overwhelming task. That’s where the concept of “progress over perfection” comes into play.

    Achieving digital accessibility isn’t a one-time fix. It’s an ongoing process of continuous improvement. If you aim for perfection from the start, you might get stuck, feel defeated, or even give up. But by focusing on making progress, even small steps, you can create a more inclusive online experience without the stress of reaching perfection right away.

    Let’s break down how you can start building a sustainable approach to digital accessibility with the right mindset, tools, and strategies.

    What Is Digital Accessibility?

    Before we dive into the “progress over perfection” mindset, let’s quickly talk about what digital accessibility really means. Simply put, it’s about making sure that all users, regardless of their abilities or disabilities, can access and use your website, apps, or digital content easily.

    This includes people who may be blind, deaf, have low vision, or have mobility challenges. It also covers people who have cognitive disabilities or those who just prefer to use assistive technology like screen readers, voice commands, or keyboard navigation.

    Digital accessibility can seem like a huge task at first, but it’s not about doing everything perfectly. It’s about making consistent improvements to ensure your site is usable by as many people as possible.

    The Problem with Perfectionism

    When you aim for perfection, the goal can feel so far out of reach that it becomes paralyzing. This is especially true with digital accessibility, where there are lots of technical guidelines and standards (like WCAG – Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) to follow. While these standards are great for ensuring accessibility, focusing on every little detail can slow you down.

    In reality, no website is perfect when it comes to accessibility. Users have different needs, and it’s impossible to design for every potential scenario at once. So, instead of feeling like you need to fix everything at the same time, shift your focus to continuous improvement. Every small step counts, and over time, those steps will add up to a more accessible and inclusive digital experience.

    Why Focus on Progress?

    The beauty of focusing on progress over perfection is that it’s achievable. It lets you start small, tackle the most pressing accessibility issues first, and then build on that foundation. As you implement changes, you’ll gradually improve the user experience, making it better for people with disabilities while also making your website more user-friendly for everyone.

    Here are some reasons why progress over perfection is the way to go for sustainable digital accessibility:

    1. You Don’t Get Stuck: Trying to achieve perfection can leave you frozen in place, unsure of where to start. By focusing on progress, you can tackle one problem at a time and move forward.
    2. It’s More Manageable: Rather than trying to fix everything at once, breaking down accessibility work into smaller tasks makes it more manageable and less overwhelming.
    3. You Can Build Momentum: When you make even small improvements, it creates a sense of accomplishment. This encourages you to keep making changes and adding new updates over time.
    4. It’s Realistic: Perfection doesn’t exist when it comes to accessibility. There will always be more to improve, so aiming for progress keeps you focused on what matters.

    Practical Tips for Achieving Digital Accessibility

    Now that we understand the importance of progress, let’s talk about some practical steps you can take to make real improvements to your site. You don’t need to do everything at once, but here’s how you can start moving toward a more accessible website today:

    Start with Low-Hanging Fruit

    When you’re just getting started, it’s helpful to identify and address the “low-hanging fruit” — the quick wins that will make the biggest impact with the least amount of effort. These might include:

    • Alt Text for Images: Add descriptive alt text to images so screen readers can convey the meaning of those images to users with visual impairments.
    • Keyboard Navigation: Make sure that all interactive elements (like forms, buttons, and links) can be accessed using only a keyboard.
    • Color Contrast: Ensure that text has enough contrast against the background so users with low vision can read it easily.

    By making these changes, you’re addressing immediate barriers that can make a huge difference in how accessible your website is for many users.

    Integrate Accessibility into Your Workflows

    To create long-term sustainability, accessibility shouldn’t be something you do only once or twice. It needs to be built into your everyday workflow. Whether you’re designing a new page, creating content, or updating a feature, think about accessibility from the start.

    Here are a few ways you can integrate accessibility into your routine:

    • Involve Accessibility from the Beginning: If you’re working on a new website or a redesign, include accessibility from the very start of the project. This way, accessibility considerations become part of the foundation.
    • Use Accessible Tools and Templates: Many website builders, content management systems (CMS), and templates have accessibility features built-in. Make sure you’re using those tools to save time and reduce errors.
    • Educate Your Team: Make sure everyone involved in content creation and site maintenance understands basic accessibility principles.

    Get Real Feedback from Users

    One of the best ways to improve accessibility is to hear directly from users. Real people with disabilities can give you valuable insight into how they experience your website and where the barriers lie. This is far more effective than guessing or relying solely on automated testing tools.

    You can:

    • Conduct User Testing: Recruit users with various disabilities to test your site and provide feedback. This can help you uncover issues you might have missed.
    • Engage with Your Audience: Ask for feedback through surveys or comments. Listen to your users, and if they point out areas for improvement, make a plan to address them.

    Use Tools for Continuous Monitoring

    To ensure your website stays accessible over time, use tools that can help you identify and fix problems as they arise. One such tool is a11y.Radar.

    A11y.Radar continuously scans your website for accessibility issues and provides you with actionable reports. This allows you to stay on top of accessibility improvements without needing to manually review your entire site. With regular scans, you can catch issues early and keep your site in good shape.

    It’s All About Consistent Improvement

    Remember, the goal of digital accessibility isn’t to be perfect; it’s to be inclusive. Every improvement you make is a step toward creating a better, more accessible experience for all your users. By focusing on progress over perfection, you’ll keep moving forward without getting stuck in the weeds.

    So, don’t be afraid to start small. Address the most pressing accessibility issues first, integrate accessibility into your workflows, engage with real users for feedback, and use tools to monitor your progress. Over time, you’ll create a website that’s not only accessible but sustainable in the long run — and that’s something to be proud of!

    If you’re ready to take the next step in your accessibility journey, schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital. Our experts can help you create a sustainable, actionable plan for achieving digital accessibility while mitigating risk. Let’s move forward together!

    Greg McNeil

    December 9, 2024
    Testing & Remediation, WCAG Compliance
    Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Website Compliance, Web Accessibility Remediation, web development, Website Accessibility
  • The Human Touch: Manual Testing for Web Accessibility

    Developing an accessible website goes far beyond simply checking off boxes for legal or regulatory compliance. It’s about making sure that every person, regardless of ability, can comfortably interact with and understand your online content. While automated tools are excellent for quickly spotting many accessibility problems, they can only take you so far. To catch the subtler issues—the ones that can truly affect the user experience—you need the human touch.

    This guide will walk you through the essentials of manual testing. By following these steps, you’ll ensure that your website meets the standards of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and provides an inclusive experience for everyone.

    Why Manual Testing is Important

    It might seem tempting to rely only on automated tools for accessibility testing. After all, these tools are fast, can scan entire sites in minutes, and give you neat reports listing potential issues. While that’s helpful, there’s an important piece of the puzzle they can’t fill in on their own.

    Studies suggest that automated tools detect only about 30% of accessibility barriers on a website. That means a whopping 70% of potential issues can go unnoticed if you don’t involve human testers. Why does this happen? Because many aspects of accessibility are about meaning, clarity, and usability—qualities that a computer program can’t fully judge.

    For example, an automated tool can tell if an image tag has “alt” text, but it can’t determine if that text accurately describes what’s in the image. A tool might confirm that you’ve included headings, but it can’t decide if those headings help users understand the structure and purpose of your page.

    Manual testing allows you to catch these subtle issues. By combining automated scans with hands-on checks, you’ll create a complete approach to accessibility. This balanced method ensures that both the technical side and the real-life user experience are taken into account, leading to a more inclusive and welcoming digital environment.

    What Is Included in a Manual Audit?

    If you’re aiming for a website that not only checks the boxes on WCAG compliance but genuinely serves people of all abilities, a manual audit is key. The process involves a series of steps, from planning your testing scope to verifying that users can interact with your site in many different ways. Below, we’ll break down some core areas to consider in your manual testing efforts.

    Developing a Testing Plan

    Think of your testing plan as your roadmap. Before you begin, decide which pages, sections, and features of your site you’ll test. Maybe you’ll start with your homepage, or perhaps you’ll focus on your online store’s product pages, since that’s where most visitors end up. Consider the parts of your site that handle important tasks, like your checkout process or contact forms. These areas often matter most to users and should be top priorities.

    Creating a well-structured plan helps you stay on track. As you test, keep good notes. Document where you find issues, what kind of barriers they create, and ideas for fixing them. This record will not only guide your repair work but also help you understand how your site’s accessibility improves over time.

    Evaluating Keyboard Navigation

    A simple yet powerful first step is to test your website using only a keyboard. Many individuals rely on a keyboard instead of a mouse because of physical or visual impairments. To do this, unplug your mouse and try navigating your site with the Tab, Shift + Tab, Enter, and arrow keys.

    As you move through links, buttons, menus, and form fields, watch for a visible highlight or outline showing which element is currently selected (often called the “focus indicator”). If your focus gets “stuck” or disappears, that’s a sign of a problem. Users who depend on keyboard navigation should be able to move through your entire site easily and understand exactly where they are at all times.

    If you find any trouble spots—like a pop-up menu that traps the focus—make note of it. Fixing these issues can make your site smoother and more intuitive for a wide range of visitors.

    Manual Testing Compatibility with Screen Readers

    Screen readers, such as NVDA, JAWS, and VoiceOver, help users with visual impairments navigate the web by reading page content aloud. To test compatibility, pick one of these tools and open your website. As you listen, ask yourself: Is the content announced in a clear, logical order? Do headings, links, and images make sense when read aloud?

    Pay special attention to images. If an image conveys important information, its alt text should describe what’s shown and why it matters. If an image is only decorative, it should have a null alt attribute, so the screen reader will skip it. Your goal is to ensure that someone who can’t see the screen can still understand what’s there and how to interact with it.

    Checking Color Contrast

    Good color contrast isn’t just about making your site look nice—it’s about ensuring that everyone can read your content comfortably. People with low vision or color blindness might struggle to read text that doesn’t stand out enough from the background.

    Use tools like WebAIM’s Contrast Checker to test your text and background color combinations. If the contrast is too low, adjust your colors until they meet the guidelines. Even a small improvement can make a big difference in how well users can read and engage with your content.

    Reviewing Captions for Multimedia Content

    Videos and audio clips add depth and interest to your site, but they also need to be accessible. Captions ensure that users who are deaf or hard of hearing can understand spoken content. If your videos have dialogue, instructions, or any important information, make sure they come with accurate captions that match the timing and meaning of the audio.

    In some cases, you might need audio descriptions for users who can’t see the visuals. If your video shows data charts, important text, or other key details, consider adding a voice-over description to explain what’s on the screen.

    Ensuring Accessible Forms

    Forms are essential parts of many websites, whether they’re for signing up for a newsletter, making a purchase, or submitting a support request. Yet forms often pose accessibility challenges when they’re not labeled or organized correctly.

    To test form accessibility, try navigating your forms using a keyboard and a screen reader. Do form fields have clear labels that the screen reader announces as you move through them? When errors occur, do the error messages explain the problem in simple terms and guide the user to fix it?

    Paying extra attention to forms can go a long way toward making your site welcoming and easy to use.

    Testing Skip Navigation Links

    Skip navigation links are small but mighty features. They let users skip over repetitive elements—such as large navigation menus—and jump straight to the main content. This is especially helpful for those who rely on a keyboard or a screen reader, as it saves them from having to tab through the same menu items over and over.

    To check for skip navigation links, start navigating your site from the top. See if there’s a “Skip to main content” link or something similar. If it’s missing, adding one can make browsing much more efficient for many users.

    Verifying Link Text

    Have you ever seen a link that just says “click here”? Without surrounding context, that’s not very helpful. People using screen readers often scan links out of their context, so vague link text can be confusing.

    Review all the links on your site and ask yourself: Does the text describe the link’s purpose? For example, “Click here for our latest report” is less helpful than “Download our latest report.” The latter tells users exactly what they’ll get if they follow that link.

    Reviewing Dynamic Content

    Modern websites often feature dynamic elements like pop-ups, slideshows, or modal windows. While these can be visually appealing and helpful, they can also cause confusion if not set up properly. For instance, a modal window might appear over the rest of the content, but if a screen reader user isn’t informed that it popped up, they might continue reading the content behind it without knowing there’s something else to consider.

    Test these features by opening them with a keyboard and listening with a screen reader. Make sure the screen reader announces the new content and that it’s easy to close the pop-up and return to the main page content. Users should feel in control of their experience at all times.

    Documenting Issues and Prioritizing Fixes

    As you work through manual testing, keep detailed notes. Write down any issues you find, along with the steps you’ll need to correct them. Consider how severe each problem is: Does it block users from completing critical tasks, or is it a minor inconvenience?

    By sorting issues into categories—such as “high priority” or “low priority”—you can tackle the most urgent problems first. This approach helps you make steady progress and ensures that you address the biggest barriers right away.

    Building a More Inclusive Website with 216digital

    Manual testing might feel like a big job, but it’s a crucial part of creating a web experience that works for everyone. By planning your testing, checking keyboard navigation, using screen readers, ensuring proper color contrast, reviewing captions, making forms accessible, adding skip links, refining link text, and handling dynamic content correctly, you’ll identify and fix the issues that really matter.

    When your website meets WCAG guidelines and is comfortable to use for people of all abilities, you strengthen your brand’s reputation and reach a wider audience. It’s not just about avoiding legal risks or ticking compliance boxes—though that’s important, too. It’s about showing that you value every visitor and believe they deserve equal access to your information, products, and services.

    If you’re looking for personalized help in making your website ADA compliant, consider reaching out to 216digital. Our experts can provide an ADA briefing and guide you through the finer points of web accessibility, ensuring that you create an inclusive, user-friendly online environment that supports everyone who visits your site.

    Greg McNeil

    December 3, 2024
    How-to Guides, Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, Accessibility testing, manual audit, Manual Testing, WCAG
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