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  • Accessibility Extensions: How Reliable Are They?

    Making a website that everyone can use is an important goal for content creators, website owners, and developers. People who have disabilities, such as vision or hearing impairments, should have the same access to information and services as anyone else. Web accessibility removes barriers so all users can enjoy and navigate online content. One tool that can help is accessibility extensions—browser add-ons or standalone software that scans a website for common accessibility problems. But can you rely on these extensions alone to achieve a fully inclusive site? 

    In this article, we’ll discuss how these tools work, where they shine, and where you need to look beyond them to create truly accessible websites.

    What Are Web Accessibility Extensions?

    Web accessibility extensions are programs that you add to your internet browser or use as separate tools to check how well a website follows specific accessibility standards. These rules often come from guidelines like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) set by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). 

    The extensions scan a webpage’s code and point out things that might make it hard for users with disabilities to use. For example, if a picture is missing a text description (called “alt text”), an accessibility extension might highlight that. Or, if your text color and background color are too similar, the extension might let you know that the contrast is poor.

    Popular Accessibility Extensions

    There are many accessibility extensions to choose from, and each has its own strengths:

    1. Google Lighthouse: This free, open-source tool is built right into Google Chrome’s Developer Tools. It checks your website for performance, accessibility, and search engine optimization (SEO) issues. Lighthouse’s accessibility report can show you issues like missing labels on form fields and low color contrast.
    2. BrowserStack: While not strictly an extension, BrowserStack is a popular platform that lets you test your website on many devices and browsers. It also includes accessibility checks so you can spot problems before your site goes live.
    3. Color Enhancer: This Chrome extension is helpful for testing different color settings. It simulates how someone with color vision challenges might see your site, helping you adjust your color palette.
    4. Total Validator: This tool checks for multiple issues at once. It looks for accessibility problems, HTML errors, and even spelling mistakes. It’s useful if you want an all-in-one solution.

    Why These Tools Are Helpful

    Accessibility extensions can save time and money, especially in the early stages of website development. They’re usually easy to install and use, often with just a few clicks. Many come at no cost, making them friendly for anyone’s budget. They also highlight the low-hanging fruit—simple issues you can fix quickly, like missing alt text, mislabeled buttons, or poor contrast.

    When used regularly, these extensions can become part of your workflow. For instance, you can run Google Lighthouse each time you make a new page, making sure you don’t introduce new errors. Color Enhancer can be switched on while you design graphics, so you can instantly check your chosen colors. By catching issues early, you reduce the risk of more significant accessibility barriers piling up later.

    The Limits of Accessibility Extensions

    While these tools can be beneficial, they can’t do everything. Accessibility is about real-life user experience. Extensions might catch many problems, but there are several reasons they might not be enough:

    1. They Don’t Catch All Errors: Some issues are complicated and need a human eye. For example, a tool might not realize that your navigation menu is confusing or that your form error messages aren’t explained well.
    2. Automation Can Miss Nuances: An extension may mark something as fine even if it’s not easy to use in practice. Think of a button that looks accessible but is tricky to reach using keyboard navigation. Human testing would catch that, but an automated tool might not.
    3. Limited Customization: Some extensions can’t adapt to specialized needs. If your website has complex interactive elements or unique design features, an extension might not provide accurate feedback.

    Practical Steps for Using Accessibility Extensions

    To get the most out of your accessibility extensions, you can follow a simple process:

    1. Install One or More Extensions: Pick a couple that make sense for your workflow. For a developer, Google Lighthouse is a solid choice; Color Enhancer might be more fitting for a designer.
    2. Run Automatic Scans Often: When you add new content or launch a new feature, rerun the extension. This helps you fix issues before they become widespread.
    3. Review the Reports: Look at what the tool says and note any errors. For example, if Lighthouse tells you there’s missing alt text, add it immediately.
    4. Cross-Check with Another Tool: Since no single extension catches all issues, try a second tool to see if it spots something different. Combining tools gives you a more complete picture.
    5. Document Your Changes: Keep track of what you fix. If your team grows or you step away from a project, the next person will know what was corrected and why.

    Going Beyond Extensions: Manual Testing & Real Users

    Even the best technology can’t replace the insight of real people. To go beyond automated checks, try these methods:

    1. Manual Testing: Walk through your website with a keyboard only (no mouse). Can you reach all interactive elements, like menus, links, and form fields? Check if focus indicators (the outlines around clickable items) are visible so users know where they are on the page.
    2. Test with Assistive Technologies: Screen readers like NVDA (free for Windows) or VoiceOver (built into macOS and iOS) let people with visual impairments hear text read aloud. Try them out on your site. Can you follow the page structure logically? Are buttons and links announced clearly?
    3. Get Feedback from Users: Invite people with disabilities to test your site. This can be done in person or through online platforms. Their first-hand experiences will show you things no tool can catch.
    4. Follow WCAG Guidelines: The W3C’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines provide detailed advice about making websites more inclusive. Follow these guidelines to ensure you’re meeting recognized standards.
    5. Keep Checking Over Time: Accessibility isn’t a “one-and-done” situation. Technology changes, and so does your site’s content. Regular audits help you stay current with new requirements or tools.

    Professional Tools and Services

    For more significant sites or those in specific industries, it can help to invest in professional tools or services. Some companies offer advanced scanning that runs on a schedule and sends alerts when accessibility issues are found. Others offer expert audits, which include hands-on testing by accessibility specialists. Examples include:

    • a11y.Radar: Provides automated scans, real-time issue tracking, and actionable developer guidance. It integrates with CI/CD workflows and offers analytics to monitor progress and prioritize critical fixes.
    • Siteimprove: This includes monitoring and scoring your site based on accessibility, SEO, and more.
    • Specialized Accessibility Consultancies: Hiring an experienced team can help with complex sites or strict legal requirements.

    Additional Resources to Explore

    If you’d like to learn more or go deeper into this topic, here are a few helpful links:

    • W3C Web Accessibility Initiative: Offers guidelines, techniques, and tutorials on how to create an accessible website.
    • WebAIM: Contains articles, tools (like the WAVE Extension), and a community forum focused on accessibility.
    • A11y Project: A community-driven site with guides, checklists, and news about web accessibility.
    • Section508.gov: Focuses on accessibility laws and standards in the United States.

    Conclusion

    Accessibility extensions are a great starting point. They quickly show you common issues and give you ideas on what to fix. Yet, relying on them alone doesn’t ensure everyone can use your site. By also doing manual checks and involving people with different abilities, you can create a richer, more usable online experience. Combining automated scanning, real-world testing, and guidelines like WCAG gives you the best chance of meeting everyone’s needs.

    Remember, building an inclusive website is an ongoing journey. Updates to your site, new browser versions, and changing assistive technologies mean there’s always something more to learn. Encourage your team to see accessibility as a shared responsibility. Keep your tools up to date, document your progress, and work together to reduce barriers for all. In the end, these efforts not only help people with disabilities, but they also make your site more user-friendly for everyone.

    If you’re ready to take the next step in making your website accessible, 216digital can help. From expert audits to ongoing monitoring with our a11y.Radar tool, we’re here to guide you every step of the way. Contact 216digital today and ensure your website meets the highest standards for accessibility, usability, and inclusivity. Together, we can build a web that works for everyone.

    Greg McNeil

    January 8, 2025
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, accessibility extensions, evaluation tools, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools

  • A Guide to Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools

    Creating a website that works for everyone isn’t just about ticking off legal checkboxes—it’s about ensuring every visitor, regardless of ability, can navigate your site with ease and enjoy their experience. Even if you’re familiar with web accessibility, it’s easy to wonder: Have I missed anything? Are there barriers I didn’t notice?

    As digital inclusion becomes increasingly vital, ensuring your website is truly accessible is essential. So, how can you confidently create a welcoming space for all? That’s where web accessibility evaluation tools come in.

    These tools simplify the process of identifying and addressing barriers, helping you build an inclusive website while enhancing the user experience. Let’s explore how they work, why they matter, and how to choose the right one for your needs.

    What Are Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools?

    Web accessibility evaluation tools are designed to analyze websites for accessibility issues. Think of these tools as the first line of defense in identifying problems that might hinder someone with visual, auditory, or cognitive impairments from fully engaging with your content.

    These tools scan your website pinpointing issues like poor color contrast, missing alt text for images, or broken keyboard navigation. Some go further, offering continuous monitoring and integration with development workflows.

    Why Are They Important?

    Using a web accessibility evaluation tool is more than a technical step—it’s a commitment to inclusivity and compliance. Here’s why they’re indispensable:

    • WCAG Compliance: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) standards are the backbone of digital accessibility. Tools help you identify and address non-compliance to avoid legal risks.
    • User Experience: Accessibility isn’t just for people with disabilities; it improves usability for everyone. For example, captions benefit not only those who are deaf but also people in noisy environments.
    • Boost Brand Reputation: An accessible website shows your commitment to inclusion, fostering goodwill and loyalty among your audience.
    • Legal Protection: With lawsuits over inaccessible websites on the rise, staying compliant minimizes legal vulnerabilities.

    Benefits of Using Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools

    • Efficient Issue Detection: Automated tools can scan your website in minutes, identifying accessibility barriers that might take hours to find manually.
    • Enhancing the User Journey: Accessibility issues often overlap with usability problems. Fixing these barriers creates a smoother and more enjoyable experience for all visitors.
    • Avoiding Legal Issues: Addressing accessibility gaps proactively reduces the likelihood of being targeted by lawsuits related to digital accessibility.
    • Cost-Effective Improvements: Automated tools are an affordable starting point for businesses that need to improve their websites without a major investment.
    • Sustained Accessibility: Continuous monitoring ensures your website remains accessible even as you update or expand its content.

    How to Choose the Right Accessibility Evaluation Tool

    When selecting a tool, start by asking these questions:

    • What’s my budget?
    • Do I need ongoing monitoring or a one-time scan?
    • How user-friendly does the tool need to be for my team?

    For small businesses, look for tools with simple interfaces and strong customer support. Larger organizations may need advanced features like integrations and robust reporting.One tool worth considering is Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar), which provides real-time monitoring, actionable insights, and scalable solutions for businesses of all sizes.

    What to Look for in Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools

    Not all tools are created equal. To get the most out of a web accessibility evaluation tool, focus on these features:

    • Automated Scanning: Quickly detect common issues like missing ARIA labels or unstructured content to get a big-picture view of potential accessibility gaps.
    • Real-Time Monitoring: For frequently updated websites, real-time monitoring ensures new issues are caught as they appear. Tools like a11y.Radar  excel at providing continuous oversight.
    • Integration Options: Choose tools that integrate seamlessly with your existing systems, such as your CMS, analytics platforms, or development tools.
    • Actionable Reporting: Look for tools that provide clear, prioritized reports so your team knows where to focus their efforts.
    • Customizability: Tailor the tool to address your site’s unique needs and align with relevant accessibility standards.

    a11y.Radar ADA Monitoring 

    a11y.Radar is an automated recurring ADA web compliance auditing platform. Through our work in the trenches of the ADA web remediation space, we were able to reverse-engineer the process in which many of the prolific ADA non-compliance lawsuit firms identify their targets. We realized that the vast majority of cases are filed solely based on the results of automated scanning tools, so we developed Accessibility Radar as a hands-off method of keeping you out of their crosshairs.

    How Does a11y.Radar ADA Monitoring Work?  

    a11y.Radar ADA monitoring service reports on your ongoing accessibility efforts, whether conducted by your internal digital teams or an outside web agency. Access enhanced dashboards and receive updates to content, code, and user experience that could pose potential blocks to users or threaten your accessibility standards. In addition, our seamless interface allows your team members to view current issues and manage pending adjustments.

    Limitations of Automated Tools

    It’s important to acknowledge that even the best web accessibility evaluation tool can’t catch everything. Automated tools are great for spotting obvious issues, but they might miss nuances that only a human can detect. For example, determining whether alt text appropriately describes an image often requires human judgment.

    To bridge these gaps, combine automated tools with manual testing. This hands-on approach helps identify issues that software alone can’t catch. This means involving people—preferably those with disabilities or experts in web accessibility—in testing your website. Manual testing can uncover issues related to usability and user experience that automated tools might overlook.

    Practical Tips for Using Accessibility Tools

    • Start with an Automated Scan: Identify low-hanging fruit like fixing color contrast or adding alt text to images.
    • Prioritize Fixes: Focus on the most significant barriers affecting users, such as navigation or text readability.
    • Educate Your Team: Make sure your developers and content creators understand the tool’s insights and how to implement changes effectively.
    • Schedule Regular Checks: Accessibility is an ongoing process, not a one-time task. Use tools to monitor your site periodically.

    Make Accessibility a Priority

    Digital accessibility isn’t just a legal consideration—it’s a business advantage. By using web accessibility evaluation tools like a11y.Radar, you can identify barriers, enhance user experience, and demonstrate your commitment to inclusivity.

    Ready to take the next step toward a more accessible website? Schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital to learn how a11y.Radar can provide real-time monitoring and actionable insights tailored to your needs. Together, we’ll help you build an inclusive, user-friendly website that welcomes everyone.

    By investing in accessibility, you’re investing in your audience and building a stronger, more inclusive brand. Don’t wait—reach out to 216digital today and make your website a space where everyone feels welcome.

    Greg McNeil

    November 25, 2024
    Testing & Remediation, Web Accessibility Monitoring
    Accessibility, Accessibility monitoring, Accessibility testing, evaluation tools, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals

    Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals

    Ensuring your website is accessible to everyone, regardless of their abilities, is a legal obligation and a crucial aspect of good business practice. Digital accessibility is about creating an inclusive web experience, allowing everyone to navigate, interact, and engage with your online content without barriers. A vital component of this effort is accessibility testing, which identifies and helps rectify issues that could prevent users with disabilities from accessing your site. But with so many accessibility audits available, how do you choose the right one for your goals? 

    This post will explore different accessibility testing methods, their benefits, and how you can select the best approach to meet your needs.

    What is Accessibility Testing?

    Accessibility testing evaluates a website or digital product to ensure people of all abilities can use it. This includes users with visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive, or neurological disabilities. The goal is to identify any barriers that might prevent these users from fully interacting with your site, whether that’s difficulty reading text, navigating menus, or accessing multimedia content.

    Accessibility testing typically involves checking against established guidelines, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which provide a comprehensive framework for creating accessible web content. Testing can be done using various methods, from automated tools to manual assessments by accessibility experts.

    Why Your Website Needs Accessibility Testing

    Web accessibility is not just a matter of ethics—it’s a legal requirement in many regions, including the United States, where the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates that websites be accessible to people with disabilities. Failing to meet these requirements can result in costly lawsuits, damage to your brand’s reputation, and loss of potential customers.

    Beyond legal compliance, accessibility testing is essential for ensuring a positive user experience for all visitors. An accessible website can increase your audience reach, improve customer satisfaction, and boost your SEO efforts, as search engines like Google favor easy-to-navigate and understand sites.

    Overview of Different Accessibility Testing Methods

    Several methods of accessibility testing exist, each with strengths and limitations. Understanding these methods will help you choose the right approach for your goals.

    Automated Testing

    Automated accessibility testing uses software tools to scan your website for accessibility issues. These tools can quickly identify common problems, such as missing alt text, improper heading structures, or color contrast issues.

    Pros: Automated testing is fast, cost-effective, and can cover large portions of your site in a short amount of time. It’s an excellent first step in identifying apparent issues.

    Cons: While automated tools can catch many issues, they only cover 30-40% of accessibility guidelines. They can miss more subtle or complex problems that require human judgment.

    Manual Testing

    Manual testing involves human testers evaluating your website’s accessibility by simulating users’ experience with disabilities. This might include using screen readers, navigating with a keyboard, or testing for cognitive load.

    Pros: Manual testing is thorough and can identify issues that automated tools miss, such as keyboard navigation problems, improper use of ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications), or issues with interactive elements like forms and buttons.

    Cons: Manual testing is time-consuming and more expensive than automated testing. Expertise and experience are required to assess a site’s accessibility accurately.

    Hybrid Testing

    Hybrid testing combines automated and manual approaches to determine your site’s accessibility comprehensively. Automated tools are used to quickly identify issues, while manual testing addresses more complex problems.

    Pros: Hybrid testing offers the best of both worlds—speed and thoroughness. It ensures that no stone is left unturned in your accessibility audit.

    Cons: While more comprehensive, hybrid testing can be more costly and time-consuming than automated tools alone.

    Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals

    When selecting an accessibility audit, consider your specific goals, resources, and the complexity of your website. Here are a few scenarios to help guide your decision:

    • Initial Compliance Check: If you’re new to accessibility and looking for a quick overview of your site’s compliance with basic guidelines, an automated audit might be a good starting point. This can help you identify low-hanging fruit that can be quickly addressed.
    • Comprehensive Accessibility Review: For businesses that need a thorough assessment of their website’s accessibility, a hybrid audit combining both automated and manual testing is ideal. This approach will provide a complete picture of your site’s strengths and weaknesses.
    • Ongoing Monitoring and Maintenance: If your goal is to maintain accessibility over time and avoid compliance issues, consider an ongoing monitoring service that regularly checks your site for new issues as content and technology change.

    Overview of 216digital’s Accessibility Services

    At 216digital, we understand that navigating the complexities of digital accessibility can be overwhelming. That’s why we offer a structured approach to accessibility audits through our Phase 1 Risk Mitigation and Phase 2 Real World Accessibility services.

    Phase 1: Risk Mitigation Service

    This initial phase focuses on identifying and addressing high-risk accessibility issues that could expose your business to legal action. Using automated tools and expert manual review, we prioritize the most critical issues that need immediate attention.

    Phase 2: Real-World Accessibility Service

    In Phase 2, we dive deeper into the user experience, focusing on real-world scenarios and how users interact with your site. This phase includes extensive manual testing to uncover complex issues and provides actionable recommendations for improving your site’s accessibility.

    How Combining Automated and Manual Testing Enhances Accessibility

    A combined approach to accessibility testing offers a more robust and reliable audit process. Automated tools quickly handle large-scale issues, but manual testing ensures your site meets the nuanced needs of all users. By integrating both methods, you can create a more accessible and user-friendly website, reducing the risk of missed issues and ensuring a more inclusive experience.

    216digital’s a11y.Radar Service for Ongoing Monitoring

    Maintaining accessibility is an ongoing process. 216digital’s a11y. Radar service continuously monitors your website, automatically scanning for new accessibility issues as they arise. This service helps ensure that your site complies with accessibility guidelines over time, catching potential problems before they become costly liabilities.

    a11y.Radars Key Features include:

    • Dynamic Dashboard Display
    • Compliance Scans
    • Detailed Issues Reports
    • Issues Over Time
    • Manual Testing Reports
    • Email Alerts
    • Current Web Compliance Status

    How a11y.Radar Helps Prevent Frivolous ADA Lawsuits and Maintains Accessibility Compliance

    One of the biggest concerns for businesses today is the threat of frivolous ADA lawsuits. These lawsuits can be costly and time-consuming, even if the claims are unfounded. 216digital’s a11y. Radar service acts as a safeguard, continuously monitoring your site for compliance and helping you address issues before they lead to legal action. By keeping your site up-to-date with accessibility standards, a11y.Radar protects you from lawsuits and ensures a better user experience for all visitors.

    Conclusion

    Choosing the proper accessibility audit is crucial for ensuring your website meets the needs of all users while staying compliant with legal requirements. Whether you’re just starting with accessibility or looking for a comprehensive review, understanding the different testing methods and services available will help you make an informed decision.

    At 216digital, we can help develop a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap on your terms. To learn more about how our experts can help you confidently create and maintain an accessible website that meets both your business goals and the needs of your users, schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing today.

    Greg McNeil

    August 8, 2024
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility Audit, Accessibility testing, digital accessibility, Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility Solution, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Why Use an Outside Firm for Accessibility Remediation

    Why Use an Outside Firm for Accessibility Remediation

    In the digital age, web accessibility is more than just a compliance checkbox—it’s a commitment to inclusivity and a critical aspect of your website’s user experience. However, ensuring your website is accessible can be complex and time-consuming, requiring specialized knowledge and skills. This is where an outside firm for accessibility remediation becomes invaluable. Let’s explore why partnering with an experienced firm like 216digital can be a game-changer for your business.

    Expertise and Knowledge

    Accessibility remediation is not a one-size-fits-all solution. It demands a deep understanding of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and other relevant standards and regulations. An outside firm brings a wealth of expertise to the table, ensuring that every aspect of your website meets the required accessibility standards.

    Professionals in accessibility firms stay current with the latest updates and changes in guidelines and regulations. This continuous learning is crucial because web accessibility is an evolving field. For instance, WCAG 2.1 introduced new criteria that were not present in WCAG 2.0. Keeping up with these changes requires a dedicated team that is always on top of industry developments.

    Comprehensive Testing

    Effective accessibility remediation goes beyond automated tools. While these tools are useful for identifying obvious issues, they often miss more nuanced problems that can significantly impact users with disabilities. An outside firm utilizes a combination of automated tools and manual testing to ensure thorough coverage.

    Manual testing is essential for evaluating how real users with disabilities interact with your website. This includes testing with screen readers, keyboard navigation, and other assistive technologies. Experienced accessibility professionals can identify and fix issues that automated tools might overlook, ensuring a truly accessible user experience.

    Making Judgment Calls

    Accessibility is not always black and white. There are situations where judgment calls are necessary to balance design, functionality, and accessibility. Professionals with experience in accessibility remediation can make informed decisions about how to address complex issues.

    For example, consider a data table that is essential for conveying information but difficult to navigate with a screen reader. An expert can determine the best approach to make the table accessible without compromising its functionality or usability. These judgment calls require a deep understanding of both accessibility principles and user experience design.

    Up-to-date with Current Guidelines and Regulations

    Web accessibility guidelines and regulations are constantly evolving. An outside firm specializing in accessibility remediation ensures that your website is not only compliant with current standards but also prepared for future changes.

    For instance, the European Accessibility Act (EAA) mandates that websites and mobile applications of certain businesses must be accessible by 2025. Staying ahead of such regulations can save your business from potential legal issues and ensure a smoother transition to compliance.

    Efficiency and Focus

    Partnering with an outside firm allows your internal team to focus on core business activities. Accessibility remediation can be a time-consuming process, especially for teams that lack specialized knowledge. By outsourcing this task, you can ensure it is handled efficiently and effectively without diverting your team’s attention from other important projects.

    Considering 216digital as a Partner

    When choosing an outside firm for accessibility remediation, it’s crucial to select a partner with a proven track record of success. 216digital stands out as an excellent choice for several reasons:

    • Proven Expertise: With years of experience in web accessibility, 216digital has a deep understanding of the challenges and solutions involved in making websites accessible.
    • Comprehensive Services: We offer a full range of services, from initial audits to ongoing maintenance, ensuring your website remains accessible over time.
    • Client-Centric Approach: Working closely with our clients, we understand their unique needs and provide tailored solutions that meet both accessibility standards and business goals.
    • Up-to-date Knowledge: 216digital stays current with the latest accessibility guidelines and regulations, ensuring your website is compliant now and in the future.

    Wrapping Up

    Web accessibility is essential for creating an inclusive online environment and avoiding potential legal pitfalls. While it might be tempting to handle accessibility remediation in-house, the benefits of partnering with an outside firm like 216digital are clear. Our expertise, comprehensive testing, ability to make informed judgment calls and up-to-date knowledge of current guidelines and regulations can transform your website into an accessible and user-friendly platform.

    Investing in accessibility is not just about compliance; it’s about demonstrating a commitment to all your users and enhancing the overall user experience. By choosing an experienced partner for accessibility remediation, you can ensure your website meets the highest standards of accessibility and remains a valuable asset for all visitors.

    Ready to get started? Contact us today to schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing so that you can confidently take this next step into digital accessibility.

    Greg McNeil

    July 30, 2024
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, Accessibility Remediation, Web Accessibility Remediation, Web Accessibility Solution, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Why is Web Accessibility Training Important?

    Why is Web Accessibility Training Important?

    So, you’ve engaged with a web remediation specialist and improved your website’s digital inclusivity. What’s next? To avoid moving backward and introducing new accessibility barriers, your team should attend an accessibility training session. Let’s discuss why digital accessibility and accessibility training are so important and how they can benefit not only your users but also your business.

    What is Digital Accessibility?

    Digital accessibility refers to making websites, applications, and other digital content usable by everyone, including people with disabilities. A wide range of disabilities may impact user experience, including visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive, and neurological disabilities. By ensuring that your digital content is accessible, you’re making it possible for all users to navigate, understand, and interact with your website.

    Why Does Web Accessibility Matter?

    Inclusivity and Equality

    At its core, digital accessibility is about inclusivity and equality. The internet should be a place where everyone can participate, regardless of their abilities. By making your website accessible, you’re promoting equal access to information and services for all users.

    Legal Requirements

    The United States has legal requirements to ensure websites are accessible. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act are two critical pieces of legislation that mandate accessibility. Failing to comply with these laws can result in legal action, fines, and damage to your reputation.

    Business Benefits

    Accessible websites can reach a larger audience. According to the World Health Organization, over one billion people, or about 16% of the world’s population, have some form of disability. By making your website accessible, you’re doing the right thing and tapping into a significant market. Additionally, accessible websites tend to have better SEO, which can lead to higher search engine rankings and increased traffic.

    Enhanced User Experience

    Accessibility features often improve everyone’s overall user experience. For example, captions on videos can benefit users in noisy environments, and clear, simple navigation can help users find information more quickly.

    What is Accessibility Training?

    Although many web platforms strive to build accessibility into their products, it is still essential for anyone who modifies the site to pursue training on how to avoid introducing accessibility barriers. This training covers a wide range of topics, from understanding the needs of people with disabilities to implementing specific accessibility features on a website.

    The Importance of Accessibility Training

    Understanding User Needs

    Accessibility training helps you understand the diverse needs of your users. By learning about the different types of disabilities and how they affect how people interact with digital content, you can create more inclusive websites.

    Staying Up-to-Date with Best Practices

    The field of digital accessibility is constantly evolving. New technologies and standards are continually being developed to improve accessibility. Accessibility training ensures you stay up-to-date with the latest best practices and guidelines.

    Improving Technical Skills

    Accessibility training can enhance your technical skills as a developer. You’ll learn to implement accessibility features, such as alt text for images, keyboard navigation, and screen reader compatibility. These skills enhance your website and make you a more versatile and valuable developer.

    Avoiding Legal Issues

    As mentioned earlier, there are legal requirements for web accessibility. Accessibility training helps you understand these laws and helps avoid frivolous lawsuits. Being proactive can help you avoid legal issues, associated costs, and reputational damage.

    Critical Components of Accessibility Training

    Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

    The WCAG is a set of guidelines developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to ensure accessible web content to people with disabilities. Accessibility training covers these guidelines, including the four principles of accessibility: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust (POUR).

    Assistive Technologies

    Training includes information on various assistive technologies, such as screen readers, braille displays, and speech recognition software. Understanding how these technologies work is crucial for creating accessible content.

    Practical Implementation

    Accessibility training provides practical, hands-on experience with implementing accessibility features. Common concepts include writing accessible code, providing text alternatives for graphical content, and testing your website for accessibility.

    User Testing

    User testing is an essential part of accessibility training. You’ll learn how to conduct accessibility audits and usability testing with people with disabilities. Through user testing, you can identify any accessibility issues and proactively remove accessibility barriers.

    How to Get Started with Accessibility Training

    Online Courses

    216digital includes accessibility training in every web remediation project. When we evaluate your website, we have an excellent opportunity to understand your team’s specific processes and can develop tailored training that is highly targeted and easy to follow.

    Professional Certifications

    Earning a professional certification in accessibility can enhance your skills and credibility. Certifications such as the Certified Professional in Accessibility Core Competencies (CPACC) and the Web Accessibility Specialist (WAS) from the International Association of Accessibility Professionals (IAAP) are recognized in the industry.

    Join Accessibility Communities

    Joining accessibility communities can provide support and resources as you learn about digital accessibility. Websites like WebAIM (Web Accessibility In Mind) and the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative offer forums, articles, and guidelines to help you stay informed.

    Hands-On Practice

    The best way to learn about accessibility is through hands-on practice. Start by conducting an accessibility audit of your website and implementing the necessary changes. Use tools like the WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool) and Google Lighthouse to test your website and identify areas for improvement.

    Conclusion

    Digital accessibility is not just a legal requirement but a moral obligation. By making your website accessible, you’re ensuring that everyone can access and interact with your content regardless of their abilities. Accessibility training is crucial in this process, providing you with the knowledge and skills to create inclusive digital experiences.

    Investing in accessibility training benefits your users, your business, and society. It enhances the user experience, expands your audience, and helps you avoid costly litigation. As website owners, developers, and content creators, it’s our responsibility to make the web a more accessible place for everyone.

    So, take the first step today. 216digital has accessibility experts on deck, ready to help with all your accessibility needs. Your users will thank you, and you’ll be contributing to a more inclusive digital world.

    Greg McNeil

    July 25, 2024
    Web Accessibility Training
    Accessibility, Accessibility Training, ADA Compliance, Web Accessibility Training, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Do You Need Web Accessibility Monitoring?

    Do You Need Web Accessibility Monitoring?

    Your website is now accessible, but there’s more to be done. Web Accessibility is not a one-and-done task – it’s an ongoing effort to make sure that everyone can easily use and access your site.

    While remediation is an excellent first step, the truth is that you’re just getting started. You now have to keep up the progress you’ve made with your site through constant observation, assessment, and development. 

    In this post, we’ll go over why you need web accessibility monitoring and what you should look for to maintain your digital properties. 

    Challenges in Maintaining Accessibility

    To run an online business successfully, you must be prepared to adapt to constant change. However, updates to your website, such as adding new content or features like forms or plugins, can affect its accessibility.

    Even small changes can create accessibility barriers. Each change carries the risk of making your website difficult to use for people with disabilities,, and you may not even be aware of it.

    Challenges A Website Could Experience

    Here are some common challenges a website might face:

    • Lack of Training: Staff responsible for maintaining the website may lack awareness or understanding of accessibility principles and techniques.
    • Content Updates:  Modifying the website’s content and adding new features. 
    • Third-Party Widgets or Plugins: Websites rely on external plugins and tools, which can be challenging to keep up-to-date and accessible.

    Regular audits and testing are essential to ensure your website is accessible to everyone. One way to do this is through monitoring. But how do you monitor your website?

    What is Web Accessibility Monitoring?

    Accessibility monitoring is an ongoing and proactive process that regularly checks online content for accessibility violations. Think of it as an early warning system, allowing developers and content creators to identify and fix potential barriers quickly.

    There are two ways to monitor accessibility: automated and manual. However, they differ significantly in their approach and the level of thoroughness they provide. Below, you can find a description of both.

    Automated Monitoring

    Automated tools use algorithms to quickly scan web pages for accessibility issues based on predefined criteria. They are efficient for identifying certain barriers, such as missing alternative text for images or improper use of headings. However, automated tools will only catch 30% of issues and should be used with manual testing.

    Manual Monitoring

    Manual testing involves human experts reviewing web pages to identify accessibility barriers using assistive technologies such as screen readers. Human testers can provide a deeper insight that automated tools may miss, such as understanding the context of content or the user experience for people with disabilities. However, manual testing is time-consuming and labor-intensive. It may not be feasible for frequent updates or large-scale projects.

    Why You Should Use a Monitoring Service

    Having a web accessibility monitoring service is crucial for various reasons:

    1. Legal Compliance

    In many countries, including the United States, laws require websites to be accessible to individuals with disabilities. For instance, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates that both state and federal agencies make their online content usable for everyone. Monitoring services are vital in ensuring compliance with these regulations by regularly checking a website’s accessibility.

    To learn more about laws regarding web accessibility, check out our article, “Navigating Digital Accessibility Regulation in 2024.”

    2. Risk Management

    ADA compliance isn’t just a one-time task; it’s an ongoing commitment. Failing to meet accessibility standards can lead to legal risks such as lawsuits and fines. In 2023 alone, federal and state courts dealt with 4,605 lawsuits related to web accessibility, with over 25% targeting companies previously sued for similar issues.

    Regularly monitoring your website helps mitigate these risks by identifying any violations promptly.

    3. Spotting Barriers Early

    Monitoring services can detect accessibility barriers caused by updates, changes in code, or new content. Addressing these issues early in development can help save time and resources.

    4. Documentation

    These services also document a website’s accessibility level, which is crucial for tracking improvements and proving compliance with standards.

    Analyzing this data helps teams identify recurring issues and patterns, enabling strategic planning to enhance accessibility through regular maintenance and updates.

    5. Enhancing User Experience

    Accessibility isn’t just about following rules; it’s about providing a better experience for all users. Accessible websites are easier to use, leading to higher user satisfaction and retention. Monitoring services enable you to identify usability issues and enhance the overall user experience.

    6. Cost-Effective Development

    Dealing with accessibility issues early in development is more cost-effective than making changes later. Regular monitoring helps catch problems before they escalate, reducing the resources needed for fixes and potential legal fees.

    What to Look for in a Monitoring Service

    Choosing the right web accessibility monitoring service is crucial to ensure your website is usable by everyone, including those with disabilities. Here are key factors to consider:

    1. Accessibility Standards: Check if the service follows recognized standards like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), covering levels A, AA, or AAA.
    2. Type of Monitoring: Look for a service offering automated and manual testing
    3. Scalability: Check if the service can handle large or multiple websites. It should handle the scale of your site and provide accurate results.
    4. Integration: Select a service that seamlessly integrates with your existing workflows, including your Content Management System (CMS) or development environment.
    5. Reporting: Opt for a service that offers detailed reports for tracking progress.
    6. Training and Resources: Look for resources such as training materials to help your team understand and implement accessibility improvements.
    7. Cost: Evaluate pricing based on factors such as the number of pages, frequency of scans, and additional features.

    Before deciding, try out a few services to find the best fit for your needs. 

    216digital’s a11y.Radar ADA Monitoring

    Ensuring your website remains accessible is an ongoing task, but it needn’t be daunting. With 216digital‘s a11y.Radar ADA monitoring service, you’re equipped with the tools and insights needed to maintain an ADA-compliant website that welcomes all users.

     a11y.Radar is an automated recurring ADA web compliance auditing platform.a11y.Radar ADA monitoring service reports on your ongoing accessibility efforts, whether conducted by your internal digital teams or an outside web agency. Access enhanced dashboards and receive updates to content, code, and user experience that could pose potential blocks to users or threaten your accessibility standards. In addition, our seamless interface allows your team members to view current issues and manage pending adjustments.

    a11y.Radars Key Features include:

    • Dynamic Dashboard Display
    • Compliance Scans
    • Detailed Issues Reports
    • Issues Over Time
    • Manual Testing Reports
    • Email Alerts
    • Current Web Compliance Status

    Schedule a complimentary ADA strategy briefing to speak with one of our accessibility experts about a11y.Radar ADA Monitoring today. 

    Greg McNeil

    June 27, 2024
    Web Accessibility Monitoring
    Accessibility, Accessibility monitoring, ADA, ADA Compliance, web accessibility monitoring, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Why Accessibility Overlays Might Make You a Target

    Why Accessibility Overlays Might Make You a Target

    For many website owners, ensuring their site is accessible to everyone, especially those with disabilities, is a priority. This makes sense, not only from an ethical standpoint but also from a legal one. Web accessibility has become a hot topic, with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) taking action against websites that fail to provide equal access. One solution that has garnered attention is the use of overlay widgets. However, if you’re considering using overlay widgets to meet these demands, pause! This may not be the solution you think it is.

    In this post, we will explore the pitfalls of relying on such solutions and why they may not be the best choice for safeguarding your online business.

    What is an Overlay Widget?

    In simple terms, an overlay refers to tools or technologies that incorporate third-party code, typically JavaScript, into a webpage to enhance accessibility. Over recent years, these overlays have surged in popularity and are now featured on numerous websites across the internet. Among the many available, UserWay and accessiBe stand out as the top contenders on the market.

    For a monthly charge, these tools claim to offer complete ADA and WCAG compliance, shielding them from litigation and an improved user experience for people with disabilities, all by adding just a single line of code to a website. 

    On the surface, it sounds ideal for website owners wanting a quick solution. But the truth is more complex.

    What Do Accessibility Overlays Claim to Offer? 

    These overlay companies often promise three key concepts to consumers:

    1. Your website will be fully accessible 
    2. Their technology will automate fixes, removing the need for web accessibility experts.
    3. Their products will protect you from accessibility lawsuits.

    Does it sound too good to be true? It is. While overlays might seem like a cost-effective solution for web accessibility, they might leave hopeful business owners with a target on their backs.

    Accessibility Experts Voicing Concern

    Experts in web accessibility have expressed skepticism about the effectiveness of accessibility overlays. Many experts argue that these tools may create a false sense of compliance and fail to address the root causes of accessibility issues.

    Around 800 experts in accessibility have promised not to support, suggest, or use overlays that pretend to comply with laws or standards automatically. Karl Groves, an industry expert with over 20 years of experience, has put together a detailed fact sheet and statement from these experts, and it’s available on overlayfactsheet.com as a helpful online resource.

    But why are these experts opposing overlays? First, we have to talk about ADA Compliance.

    What is ADA Compliance?

    While using an overlay may help meet some rules in accessibility standards, it cannot ensure

    Conformance means meeting or satisfying the requirements of the web accessibility standards. According to Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), the ‘requirements’ for web accessibility are called Success Criteria. To conform to WCAG’s guidelines, you must meet or satisfy all the Success Criteria.

    Since conforming to a standard involves meeting all its requirements, products that claim to bring a website into compliance but cannot fix all issues should be approached with caution.

    Why Overlays Are Not Fully Accessible

    Here’s a simplified analogy: Imagine a pothole in the road. Instead of fixing it properly, someone places cardboard over it. It might look covered, but it’s still there, and it’s just a matter of time before someone falls through.

    Similarly, while overlay widgets might give the appearance of an accessible website, they often merely cover up underlying issues. The worst part? Sometimes, they introduce new problems.

    The Limitations of Accessibility Overlays

    While overlays may provide some surface-level improvements, they often fail to address the comprehensive requirements for ADA compliance. Automated fixes can be incomplete or inaccurate, leaving certain accessibility issues unaddressed and potentially leading to legal consequences.

    Here’s why:

    • Partial Fixes: While overlays can assist in certain areas, like making text bigger for those with vision problems, they don’t treat the root problems in the website’s code, leaving site owners vulnerable to ADA lawsuits.
    • Inconsistency: Overlay performance can be unpredictable across different devices and browsers, particularly on mobile.
    • False Assurance: Sole reliance on overlays can be deceptive. They detect only about 30% of accessibility barriers. The intricate WCAG guidelines mean that overlays can only handle some necessary adjustments. A hands-on review is needed to find the remaining 70% of issues.
    • User Experience: Some overlay tools give users an overwhelming number of choices, making things more perplexing or even creating new hurdles for disabled users.
    • Conflicts with Assistive Tools: Many people with disabilities use specific tools to navigate the web. Overlays can disrupt these tools, making the website even less accessible. 

    To learn more about how overlay widgets fail to make a website compliant, check out our blog post, Why AI & Overlay Widgets Fail ADA Website Compliance.

    Overlays Don’t Protect Against Web Accessibility Lawsuits

    Many website owners opt for overlay widgets, believing they will shield them from potential lawsuits. However, this couldn’t be farther from the truth. Some advocates argue that these overlays can create a false impression of compliance, attracting attention from individuals keen on holding non-compliant websites accountable or with a desire for a quick payout.

    At the 2021 Digital Accessibility Legal Summit, Jeremy Horelick, Jason Taylor, and Richard Hunt discussed overlays being marketed as one-step software solutions for website accessibility. The answer was a clear no when asked if overlays reduce the risk of litigation expenses.

    “They absolutely do not. And there are two reasons why this is true. The first reason is simply because they don’t actually fix websites. […]

    The other reason is because the law firms, not all the law firms, but many of the law firms that are in this area do not care whether the website is really accessible or not. Their desire is to find something that they can identify as an error, usually by measuring it against WCAG, and if they can find that error, they can file a lawsuit in good faith. Remembering that their goal is to settle the lawsuit as soon as possible.”

    Accessibility Overlays Can Make You A Target

    Using an overlay widget is like announcing, “I’m trying to be compliant.” But when that compliance is only surface-deep, it can make you an easy target for litigation.

    So you might wonder, “Why would an overlay make me a target?” Here’s a deep dive into the mechanics:

    Lawsuit Mechanics

    Lawsuits related to web accessibility often rely on demonstrating that a website remains non-compliant despite attempts to rectify it. Scanning tools most plaintiff firms use won’t reliably pick up the solutions provided by widgets and overlays. While suggesting an effort to comply, overlay widgets often fall short of genuine accessibility. As such, your site will “scan” in exactly the same way and not at all change the initial filter most plaintiff firms use to determine who to go after. This discrepancy provides an avenue for legal action.

    Lawsuit Claims

    Most lawsuits nowadays don’t primarily address WCAG compliance concerns. They cite issues of functional use—things that impact a person with a disability’s ability to use a site. However, overlays won’t affect those claims and will often worsen the functionality. Many claims pinpoint overlay widgets’ inconsistent and ineffective nature, emphasizing that they don’t provide a uniform solution for every user.

    Public Record Evidence

    Implementing a widget or overlay on your website highlights potential shortcomings in your approach to accessibility. This public display could be referenced in future legal proceedings as evidence of your organization’s consistent lack of attention to accessibility. In the context of the ADA, this could be seen as a failure to adapt policies, practices, and procedures to ensure accessibility.

    2023 Overlay Litigation Wave

    In 2023, we saw 933 websites become targets for ADA non-compliant lawsuits because they relied solely on overlay widgets. This marked a notable 62% increase from the previous year. The legal actions brought against these companies often point fingers at the features and functions of these widgets, claiming they contribute to accessibility issues, along with the common failures outlined in WCAG.

    Attorney Richard Hunt, who specializes in digital ADA cases at Hunt Huey PLLC, was among the first to focus on such legal matters. In a post titled “Is there a silver bullet for ADA website accessibility? Sorry, but the answer is no,” he emphasized that using an accessibility overlay or widget won’t protect businesses from ADA lawsuits. 

    Hunt stated, “If your business wants to avoid getting sued under the ADA because of an inaccessible website an accessibility overlay or widget isn’t going to help you. I can say this with some certainty because in the last two weeks alone five lawsuits have been filed against businesses that use an accessibility widget or overlay on their websites.”

    Privacy Concerns

    Besides potential legal problems tied to web accessibility, privacy concerns have surfaced. Overlays that automatically activate certain features, such as those for screen reader or speech recognition users, do this by detecting when an assistive technology is in use on the device. This reveals that the person using the device at that time has a disability. In some instances, it even exposes more personal information, like age, ethnic background, or preferred gender. Collecting such data should only happen with the informed consent of the person to whom it belongs.

    Privacy Concerns and Legal Consequences

    Some overlays keep users’ settings consistent across different websites that use the same overlay. This is achieved by placing a cookie on the user’s computer. When the user activates a setting for a specific overlay feature on one site, the overlay will automatically activate that feature on other sites. 

    Although the overlay company may believe they are benefiting the end user, the major privacy issue is that the user never agreed to be tracked, and there’s no way to opt out. Because there’s no opt-out option (except for explicitly turning off that setting), this poses a risk under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and  California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) for the overlay customer.

    What Actions Should Website Owners Take?

    For website owners, the lesson is clear. While overlay widgets might seem like an easy fix for web accessibility, they’re anything but. Not only do they fail to address the root accessibility issues, but they also paint a target on your back for potential litigation.

    If you’re a website owner considering using overlay widgets, tread cautiously. Instead of looking for shortcuts, invest in a comprehensive web accessibility evaluation and manual review from the experts at 216digital to ensure that all accessibility barriers are identified and addressed correctly. 

    It is crucial to recognize the limitations of AI and use it in conjunction with other accessibility tools, such as regularly testing and evaluating accessibility compliance through automated and manual audits. By adopting a multi-faceted approach to accessibility, you can minimize the risk of legal action and make sure that digital content is accessible to all users. 

    Team Up with 216digital

    After years of analyzing ADA lawsuits, we’ve discerned the tactics used by law firms to pinpoint websites for groundless ADA claims and how to protect businesses against them. Our team of accessibility experts can also develop strategies to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap on your terms to save you from potential legal headaches in the future.

    Remember, web accessibility is not just about legal compliance but about creating an inclusive web for all. So don’t wait any longer—find out where you stand by scheduling a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing today.

    Greg McNeil

    February 27, 2024
    Legal Compliance
    Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Web Accessibility, ADA Website Compliance, Ai and Overlay Widgets, Overlay widgets, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Heading Towards Web Accessible Content

    Heading Towards Web Accessible Content

    Content is the backbone of your website. You’ve crafted a brilliant website or churned out stellar content, but have you ever paused to consider if everyone can access and experience it? If your website’s content is not easy to find, navigate, and consume, you risk losing visitors and potential earnings.

    The importance of having web accessible content and structure can’t be stressed enough. If you’re new to this concept, fret not! This article shares the basics of building user-friendly web page content, from accessible headings to typography.

    Semantic HTML

    Have you ever wondered how screen readers help visually impaired users navigate websites? It all boils down to the magic of Semantic HTML.

    HTML, or HyperText Markup Language, is the foundation of your website. It’s the code behind the scenes that structures your website’s content. Using semantic HTML elements correctly is like setting a well-organized table for dinner: everything is in its right place, and the guests know where to find what they need.

    What is Semantic HTML?

    Semantic HTML enhances the accessibility and user-friendliness of web content. It gives context and meaning to web page content using tags that align with human language and logic instead of non-semantic tags, which are meant solely for computer interpretation and don’t hold inherent human meaning.

    Take the tag <p> for instance. This semantic tag denotes that a specific text block is a standalone paragraph, providing users with clarity about the text’s structure and informing the browser on how to present it. On the other hand, non-semantic tags like <b>, which merely instructs that the text be bold, dictate only visual presentation without conveying additional contextual significance.

    Why Semantic HTML Matters

    Well-structured and semantically sound HTML aids search engines and assistive tools like screen readers in deciphering the nature and context of the content you’re sharing. Such HTML constructs make it simpler for browsers and accessibility technologies to grasp the meaning and interrelations within your website content.

    To illustrate, through semantic HTML, screen readers can identify the hierarchy of headers on a page (from <h1> to <h6>), determine where the webpage or section footer (<footer>) is, or discern added navigation aids (<nav>) in data tables.

    With such semantic guidance in HTML, people using assistive technologies will be able to comprehend the layout and intent of your web content. In fact, heading navigation is very common. The 2021 Screen Reader User Survey by WebAIM, shows that 67.7% of users use headings to find information. 

    Page Formatting

    A well-structured webpage isn’t just visually appealing; it’s easier to understand and navigate. Think of your website as a book. It becomes easier to follow with a proper table of contents and clear headings.

    What are Headings?

    One of the fundamental elements in creating web accessible content is the proper use of headings. Headings aren’t just big, bold text. They’re the signposts that guide readers through your content. Think of headings as the chapter titles in a book. You wouldn’t flip open a book and find chapters named randomly. Similarly, your web content should be clearly labeled in your HTML markup.  

    A clear, well-structured heading system aids those using assistive technology and benefits your average reader by allowing them to skim and understand the flow of your content quickly. 

    What Does “Hierarchical” Mean?

    At its core, a hierarchical structure means organizing content in a specific order or rank. In the context of a webpage, this refers to the arrangement of headings from most to least important. For instance, just like a tree has a trunk, main branches, and then smaller branches, your content should have a main heading, subheadings, and further divisions if necessary. 

    The h1 is the most important heading level, while the h6 is the least. For example, you will use h1 for the page title, whereas h2 would be a subheading and so forth if needed. The hierarchical structure allows both readers and screen readers to navigate through content easily.

    One h1 per Page

    The cardinal rule of web accessibility is that there should be only one main heading (h1) per page. Like a book’s title, this serves as the page’s main topic or purpose. Subtopics or related points should be categorized under subheadings like h2, h3, etc.

    Having multiple h1s on a web page is bad practice for accessibility and SEO. It creates a flat and meaningless structure. However, it’s not a WCAG 2 AA violation. 

    WCAG on Headings

    The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) is the go-to standard for web accessibility. However, WCAG is not very specific on its requirements for headings. 

    However, a few WCAG 2 AA criteria do specifically address headings and structures. For instance:

    • Success Criterion 2.4.6 Headings and labels: Ensure headings and labels aid users in navigating content and understanding their current location by clearly describing the topic or objective
    • Success Criterion  3.2.3 Consistent Navigation Level: When navigation elements are repeated across different pages within a site, they should maintain a consistent order unless the user decides to alter it.
    • Success Criterion 1.3.1 Info and Relationships: The information and its structural relations provided visually should also be discernible through its code. This implies the necessity of using the correct HTML tags, like h1 through h6, to represent heading levels.

    In essence, headings should be used to define content clearly and should be applied in a consistent and meaningful manner. Doing so aids all users, especially those using screen readers, in navigating and comprehending a website more effectively.

    What Makes Good Heading Text?

    A screen reader user can access a list of headings and skim through them to decide where to start reading on a webpage. While there is no accessibility requirement for the length of a heading text, usability is a factor to consider. 

    Making complete paragraphs into headings results in a horrible screen reader experience. Write concise, meaningful headings that provide insight into the content. 

    When you are generating your headings, ask yourself the following:

    • Does the header describe the content being discussed?
    • Are you able to skim the content using only headings?
    • Does every page have a clear and unique heading above the content?

    Headings in Design

    Here are some factors to consider when incorporating headings into your website’s design.

    Using Heading Labels for Styling

    When used appropriately, headings guide the reader through the content, highlighting the main topics and their relative importance. However, choosing heading levels based on their visual appearance or sizing rather than their semantic meaning is a common mistake. 

    For example, using an h2 tag simply because it looks “right” visually rather than because it denotes the second level of importance or hierarchy is misguided. This can confuse both users and assistive technologies, making content less accessible.

    All Caps

    Using all capital letters makes the text more challenging to read. When every word is in uppercase, it loses its unique shape and starts to look like a rectangle. Research has shown that text in all caps is particularly hard for those with dyslexia. Make life easy for your readers; avoid using all capital letters.

    Crafting Web Accessible Content with 216digital

    Navigating the intricacies of web accessibility can be challenging, but the rewards are immense. An accessible website is not just a legal obligation but an opportunity for your voice to be heard. Your content is valuable, and it should be accessible to everyone. If you’re still unsure where to start or how to enhance your website’s accessibility, the experts at 216digital are here to help. 

    If you’d like to talk further about your web accessibility initiative, Schedule a Complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing with the experts at 216digital. We will help you take the steps towards making your content web accessible on your terms by developing a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap.

    Greg McNeil

    October 5, 2023
    How-to Guides
    Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Website Compliance, web development, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • Understanding Image Alt Text Descriptions

    Understanding Image Alt Text Descriptions

    Even though digital transformation is progressing rapidly, many online businesses still lag behind in making their websites accessible to people with disabilities. This is partly due to a lack of awareness or technical knowledge of different accessibility issues and how to solve them. 

    In this article, we will cover one of the most common accessibility barriers — providing alternative text descriptions for images. When done correctly, alt text can paint a complete picture for people who cannot perceive images visually. Unfortunately, many content creators and developers forget to provide alt text or write something that doesn’t quite hit the mark. 

    So, what exactly is Image Alt Text, and how should you integrate it into your website?

    What is Alt Text?

    Image alt text, also called image alternative text descriptions, is the written copy that appears in place of an image on a website if the image fails to load on a user’s screen. This text can also help screen-reading tools describe images to visually impaired users and allows search engines to better crawl your website.

    Alt text should be brief but vivid enough to clarify the image’s content to someone listening to the description. This includes any information contained within graphs or charts. Well-written alt text doesn’t just describe a photo but also communicates its purpose and context. 

    But how do you add alt text to images?

    How to Add Alt Text to Your Images?

    Image Alt Text is the descriptive text that is included in a website’s foundational HTML code to describe an image on a webpage.  

    However, adding Alt Text to images varies slightly depending on your web-building platform. Generally, when you upload a photo, there should be an ‘Alt Text’ or ‘Alt Description’ field where you can input your description. 

    For HTML users, you can add Alt Text to an image by including the ‘alt’ attribute within the ‘img’ tag:

    <img src="example.jpg" alt="A description of the image">

    Suppose you use a Content Management System (CMS) like WordPress. In that case, there’s a designated field for image optimization where you can create and change the image’s alt text.

    When Should I Use Alt Text?

    According to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), all images must have a text alternative that describes their function or the information they represent. However, that doesn’t mean every image should be treated the same.

    Follow these rules when writing alt text:

    1. Images of Text

    Does the image contain text?

    If readable text is presented within an image, the text alternative must contain every word in the image. However, it’s essential to mention images with text should be avoided, except in the case of logos.

    2. Functional Images

    Is the image used in a link or a button, and would it be hard to understand the function if it wasn’t there?

    Suppose an image is used as a link or button. In that case, the alt text must describe the functionality and destination, if it doesn’t already from the text or graphical content. For instance, a button to “download in App Store” image link would have an alternative text description stating: “Click here to download the Bittrex app on the App Store.”

    3. Informative Images

    Does the image contribute meaning to the current page or context?

    Informative images are images or illustrations that convey vital information to the context of information surrounding them. The text alternative for these images should include the image’s essential information. The description should be colloquial as if you are explaining it to someone sitting next to you. For example, suppose an image is of a truck driving. In that case, the alternative text should state: “A truck driving over rough terrain”.

    However, complex images such as infographics or diagrams used to convey data or detailed information should have a complete text equivalent to the data or information provided in the infographic or chart.

    4. Decorative Images

    Is the image purely decorative or not intended for the user?

    If an image’s only purpose is to add visual decoration, it does not require alt text. However, the image must then be explicitly marked as presentational so that it is ignored by screen reading software. It must still have an alt attribute, so give it “null” alt text, which is an alt attribute with no value, as seen below:

    <img src=”../img.jpg” alt=”” />

    Need help with how to treat a specific image? The W3C has developed an alt text decision tree to help you determine the right approach depending on the image’s purpose.

    Image Alt Text Best Practices

    Ultimately, image alt text needs to be specific and representative of the topic it supports. Just adding alt text isn’t enough. It’s essential to ensure it’s effective. 

    Here are some best practices to follow:

    Describe an Image and Be Specific

    Alt Text should accurately represent the content and function of an image. Use both the image’s subject and context to guide you. For example, instead of writing “dog” for an image, use a more specific description such as “A golden retriever playing fetch in the park.”

    Avoid Redundancy

    It might seem like a helpful cue, but remember not to include phrases like “picture of” or “image of” in your alt text. Screen readers and Search Engines will know from the preceding HTML tag to announce the alt text as an image. Including these phrases in your description will only disrupt the user’s experience and waste valuable characters.

    Write for People, Not Search Engines

    Many content creators make the mistake of trying to stuff keywords into their site’s alt text. While it’s true that alt text can contribute to SEO, your priority should be accessibility and user experience. If you can naturally fold a keyword into your alt text, excellent. But don’t fall into the trap of treating alt text like an SEO tool.

    Review for Spelling Errors and Punctuation

    Like all website content, proper punctuation makes information easier to understand. Ensure that your alt text is free of mistakes for a professional and clear description.

    In addition, when hiding decorative images, you should be aware of spacing when using a null or empty alt text. If there is a space between the quotes, assistive technologies may still pick it up as alt text, confusing the user.

    Image Alt Text Example

    Alt text that doesn’t appropriately describe the image and its purpose could prove detrimental or puzzling to website users relying on assistive technology.

    Follow alt-text best practices, and you’ll get a feel for what needs to be said. A more detailed description may be beneficial. However, there are instances when it can be redundant. Consider the example below.

    Cleveland Ohio's Detroit-Superior Bridge at night

    Bad Alt Text

    <img src= "example.jpg" alt="a city's bridge at night">

    The line of alt text above is technically descriptive — but it does not describe the image in a meaningful way for the user. Yes, the photo above shows a city’s bridge, and it is night. But this is also a picture of Cleveland, Ohio — and the Detroit-Superior Bridge. These are essential specifics that your users might need to comprehend the image if it’s on, say, a blog post about Cleveland landmarks.

    Good Alt Text

    With context in mind, a better alt text for this image might be:

    <img src= "example.jpg" alt="Cleveland Ohio's Detroit-Superior Bridge at night">

    Why is Image Alt Text Important?

    We’ve already alluded to several reasons why image alt text is essential. However, understanding these reasons will help you write the best alt text possible for your users. Below we’ll look at the significant reasons image alt text is essential.

    Web Accessibility and User Experience

    Image alt tags allow screen reader users to understand what is happening on a webpage besides the written basic text. Images may be the only form of instruction for some websites or other digital assets. Without alt text, these users may miss out on the information conveyed through images, affecting their overall site experience. It is, therefore, a key component in meeting the  World Wide Web Consortium (WCAG) success criteria for image alternative text descriptions. 

    Ignoring these standards could lead to potential legal consequences due to non-compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act  (ADA). Such non-compliance limits your website’s audience reach and could result in lawsuits or hefty fines. Hence, incorporating alt text in your website design is an inclusive practice and a legal imperative.

    Search Engine Optimization

    Search engines like Google, unable to visually understand images, rely on Alt Text to determine their content. This information helps them provide relevant results for image searches, significantly boosting your website’s visibility.

    However, while Alt Text can contribute to SEO, it should not be used to manipulate search rankings by overstuffing keywords. Google can penalize such practices, leading to a decrease in your overall SEO performance.

    Learn more about Web Accessibility and SEO Optimization: A Powerhouse Combination.

    Take the Next Steps Toward Accessibility

    In a digital era where inclusivity and accessibility are of utmost importance, alt text is a vital tool for website owners and developers. If, until now, you were not aware of the importance of image alt text, don’t stress! You can add these elements at any time to increase the accessibility of your website. 

    If you’d like to talk further about your web accessibility initiative, Schedule a Complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing with the experts at 216digital. We will help you take the steps towards web accessibility on your terms by developing a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap.

    Remember, alt text is not just an option—it’s an essential step in building a successful and accessible online presence.

    Greg McNeil

    July 10, 2023
    How-to Guides
    Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA non-compliance, ADA Website Compliance, Alt text, Image Alt Text, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
  • AI for ADA Web Remediation: Is It the Right Choice?

    AI for ADA Web Remediation: Is It the Right Choice?

    The web, a vast and sprawling network of information, has become a fundamental part of our lives. From education to work, communication to commerce, it shapes how we interact and learn. However, it’s not always as accessible as it should be for everyone. Web accessibility is a pivotal matter that guarantees everyone, including people with disabilities, can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the web. But what role does powerful artificial intelligence (AI), like Accessibe, UserWay, and ChatGPT, play in this realm? And, is it suitable for web remediation?

    What is AI?

    Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science that aims to create systems capable of performing tasks that usually require human intelligence. This includes learning, understanding language, recognizing patterns, solving problems, and making decisions.

    AI uses various techniques, most commonly machine learning (ML), where machines are programmed to learn and improve from experience. ChatGPT is, of course, a famous example. 

    ChatGPT

    ChatGPT is a state-of-the-art AI language model developed by OpenAI. It leverages machine learning to understand and generate human-like text based on the inputs it receives. ChatGPT and similar machine learning models have vast potential in their applications. Its applications include coding, composing music, writing emails or essays, and playing complex games like Chess.

    While some worry that the mass adoption of AI might take away jobs or make it easier for people to cheat or plagiarize, it has made others question if AI could help with ADA web remediation. While AI has shown tremendous potential in various fields, there are reasons why it may not be the best solution for ADA web remediation. 

    AI and Machine Learning in Web Remediation

    AI and machine learning shows great promise in various fields, including web accessibility. Common AI web accessibility solutions include tools like Accessibe, UserWay, and AudioEye. However, even the most sophisticated AI, like ChatGPT, has limitations. Let’s explore how AI and ML can be applied to web accessibility.

    AI Testing for ADA Web Compliance

    AI systems can be trained to recognize certain patterns, enabling them to evaluate websites against Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) criteria. However, this method is not foolproof. 

    Many WCAG requirements, such as ensuring content makes sense when read out of context or assessing whether a site is easy to navigate, require a nuanced understanding of human interaction that AI currently lacks. In fact, AI can only identify 30% of WCAG 2.1 A and AA success criteria. 

    David O’Neill, a well-known figure in accessibility and technology, says, “[AI] can identify accessibility issues, but it cannot replace a human being in terms of applying the necessary context or making the relevant decisions.”

    AI Remediating Accessibility Issues

    When it comes to fixing accessibility issues, AI may fall short. AI can automate some remediation tasks, like adjusting elements on a webpage, such as text size, color contrast, or page navigation. However, this automatic correction can also introduce new accessibility issues. AI algorithms can misinterpret complex web page elements, leading to flawed solutions that don’t fully address accessibility needs or might cause more barriers.

    AI Creating Alternative Text Descriptions

    AI has made significant strides in image recognition, leading to the idea that it could be used to generate alternative text descriptions for images. However, though AI can identify the objects in a photo, it still struggles to provide meaningful context. For example, an AI might recognize and describe an image as “a person standing in a room,” but a human could provide more context, like “John, laughing while decorating the Christmas tree.”

    Predicting and Prioritizing Accessibility Issues

    AI and ML algorithms can predict common accessibility issues based on patterns from past data. However, predicting is one thing; prioritizing and rectifying these issues is the real challenge. AI lacks contextual understanding, which is often vital in prioritizing and addressing barriers. For instance, AI might deprioritize fixing small font sizes based on frequency. Still, for an elderly user or someone with visual impairments, this is a critical issue.

    So, at a glance, AI offers some promising solutions. But should we entirely trust AI for web remediation?

    Limitations of AI for ADA Remediation

    While AI and ML have made strides in web accessibility, it is clear they can’t replace the expertise and experience of a web accessibility agency.

    AI can certainly help identify some common accessibility issues. But to thoroughly evaluate the accessibility of a website and remediate potential problems, you need a detailed understanding of how people with disabilities interact with digital content. This level of insight requires human empathy, contextual understanding, and years of experience, something AI currently lacks.

    AI cannot comprehend the intent of a web page or the nuance behind the design. It can’t understand the user journey in the same way that a professional with experience in web accessibility can.

    Manual Auditing: The Gold Standard

    While automating the process might be tempting, manual auditing remains the gold standard for ADA web remediation. 

    A manual audit offers depth and understanding that AI currently cannot match. With a comprehensive understanding of user experience from various perspectives, human auditors can identify barriers to accessibility that AI might miss. This is because professional auditors are experienced in recognizing how individuals with disabilities navigate and interact with web content.

    By leveraging the expertise of professionals, you can ensure that every aspect of your website meets WCAG standards. They can understand the unique context and nuances of your website, something which even the most advanced AI, like ChatGPT, cannot fully emulate.

    Partner with 216digital for ADA Web Remediation

    When it comes to ADA web remediation, consulting professional web accessibility agencies like 216digital provides a distinct advantage. Our team of experts understands the intricacies of web accessibility and how to make your website more accessible and compliant with ADA and WCAG guidelines.

    Unlike AI, 216digital offers customized strategies based on a comprehensive understanding of your website and its users. We don’t just look for issues; we also devise the best ways to remediate them in light of your site’s purpose and design.

    As David O’Neill points out, “There is a role for automation in accessibility… [But] there is also a clear need for manual testing.” At 216digital, we combine the best of both worlds, using technology to aid in identifying issues while relying on our human expertise for effective remediation.

    For comprehensive ADA web remediation, trust the experts at 216digital. Schedule a complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing today.

    Greg McNeil

    June 15, 2023
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA non-compliance, ADA Website Compliance, Website Accessibility, Website Accessibility Tools
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