Web Accessibility Archives - Page 2 of 11/Tag

Alt Text or Image Description? Why Accessibility Comes First

“Should you optimize for SEO or accessibility?” That’s the wrong question.

Let’s be honest—there’s a lot of confusion floating around online, especially on social media, about the difference between alt text and image descriptions. Some folks say you should cram keywords into alt tags. Others say just describe the image “vaguely” for the algorithm. Neither approach helps real people—and they don’t help your brand either.

This article clears things up. We’ll break down the key differences between alt text and image descriptions, explain how both support accessibility and SEO (yes, both!), and offer practical ways to use them well. The goal? Helping you create content that’s not just searchable, but actually usable—for everyone.

Because putting accessibility first doesn’t mean you have to sacrifice SEO. In fact, it means building digital spaces that work better for all users, including search engines.

What Is Alt Text?

Alt text—short for alternative text—is the text you add in HTML to describe an image. It looks something like this:

<img src="pancakes.jpg" alt="Pancakes" />

This little string of text has a few big jobs:

It shows up if an image doesn’t load.
It tells screen readers what the image is for users who can’t see it.
It can help with SEO if written well—but that’s not its main job.

Alt text is usually short and direct. Think “Chocolate cake on a plate” or “Man typing on laptop.” It’s added when you upload images to your website, blog, or CMS.

But here’s the catch: alt text can be too short. It doesn’t always provide enough detail, especially if you’re trying to convey mood, emotion, or complex ideas.

That’s where image descriptions come in.

What Are Image Descriptions?

An image description is a fuller explanation of what an image shows. It’s like telling a story with words instead of just naming what’s in the picture.

Here’s an example:

Alt Text: “Pancakes”

Image Description: “A tall stack of fluffy pancakes covered in golden syrup, powdered sugar, and slices of fresh strawberries and bananas on a white ceramic plate.”

See the difference?

Image descriptions give blind or visually impaired users a more complete picture of what everyone else sees. They may appear near the image in the caption, in surrounding content, or even inside ARIA labels for complex visuals like graphs or maps.

In short: alt text gives a label. Image descriptions give life.

Alt Tags vs. Image Descriptions: Key Differences

Let’s break this down side by side:

Alt Tags	Image Descriptions
Short, a few words	Full sentences
Placed in code (`alt=""`)	In visible content or metadata
Helps screen readers	Helps screen readers and gives more context
SEO-friendly	SEO-friendly
Often auto-generated	Often auto-generated

Think of alt tags as headlines. Image descriptions? They’re the full story.

How Image Descriptions Support Both Accessibility and SEO

Here’s the good news: you don’t have to choose between helping people and helping search engines. Done right, an image description does both.

Let’s say you’re a restaurant. Here’s an example of an image description could look:

“A stack of pancakes from Alexa’s Pancake House, topped with maple syrup, whipped cream, and sliced strawberries.”

This gives a full visual for screen reader users and includes relevant keywords (like your business name) in a natural way.

No stuffing. No tricks. Just useful, clear, descriptive writing.

Tips

Keep your writing simple and honest.
Use your keyword (like image description) naturally—don’t overdo it.
Don’t sacrifice clarity for search performance. Do both.

SEO Pitfalls That Undermine Accessibility

Now let’s talk about what not to do.

Some people think alt text is a great place to dump keywords. That’s a big accessibility mistake. Imagine using a screen reader and hearing:

“Pizza, best pizza, NYC pizza, cheap pizza, pizza restaurant.”

Helpful? Nope. Just frustrating.

Here’s What to Avoid

Keyword packing in alt attributes.
Using phrases that don’t describe the actual image.
Ignoring image descriptions altogether.

A Better Approach

Use short, honest alt text.
Add rich image descriptions nearby for complex images.
Use filenames, captions, and surrounding text to support SEO goals.

Why Accessibility Must Come First

Yes, SEO matters. But accessibility should always come first.

Why?

Because someone who is blind, low-vision, or has a cognitive disability deserves to understand your content just like everyone else. Accessibility means inclusion. It also means better design for all users—including those with slow connections, temporary impairments, or different learning needs.

And let’s not forget: choosing accessibility shows what your brand stands for.

It’s not just for websites either. Platforms like Instagram, Pinterest, and TikTok are full of visuals. People with disabilities use them every day. They deserve full, rich image descriptions too.

Best Practices for Writing Accessible Image Descriptions

Here’s how to get it right:

Keep It Clear and Concise: Avoid long, rambling sentences. Use plain language.
Be Contextual: What’s the purpose of the image? What matters in this moment?
Use Natural Language: Don’t write like a robot. Imagine you’re explaining the image to a friend who can’t see it.
Use Both When Needed: For things like infographics or charts, use a short alt tag and include a detailed image description nearby.
Test with Screen Readers: Listen to how your image description sounds aloud. Would someone understand it without seeing the image?

The Role of Content Creators, Developers, and Marketers

Creating accessible content is a team effort.

Writers and Content Creators: Should know how to write clear image descriptions that include important context.
Developers and Designers: Need to code alt attributes properly and make sure screen readers work well on their platforms.
Marketers and SEO Pros: Can drive results while still being inclusive. Collaboration with accessibility experts is key.

A Better Internet Starts with Better Habits

Here’s the takeaway: You can do both. But accessibility has to come first.

At 216digital, we believe digital accessibility isn’t optional—it’s part of building a better internet. Every well-written image description, every thoughtfully placed alt tag, every small decision adds up.

Not sure if your site is truly accessible? Wondering what your legal obligations are under the ADA?

We can help. Schedule an ADA Accessibility Briefing with our team. It’s your first step toward a more inclusive, compliant, and trustworthy online presence. Let’s build something better—together.

Greg McNeil

April 3, 2025

How-to Guides

Accessibility, Alt text, image description, SEO, WCAG, Web Accessibility

AI Accessibility Platform or Just an Overlay?
The digital accessibility space is flooded with promises. Some companies advertise sleek, one-click solutions to fix web accessibility issues overnight. They now call themselves an “AI accessibility platform” rather than what they truly are: overlays.

It sounds good. Who wouldn’t want artificial intelligence to solve complex compliance problems automatically? But here’s the catch: most of these so-called AI accessibility platforms are just rebranded overlays—front-end widgets that apply a visual layer over a website to appear accessible. They rarely address the root issues. Even worse, they can give businesses a false sense of compliance and leave disabled users frustrated.

What Is an Overlay, Really?

A web accessibility overlay is a third-party tool that’s added to a site through a snippet of JavaScript. It tries to modify the user experience dynamically. Common features include contrast toggles, font size adjustments, keyboard navigation enhancements, and screen reader fixes.

These overlays are easy to install and often marketed as a quick path to ADA or WCAG compliance. Some now claim to use AI to identify and fix accessibility issues in real-time. But while the buzzword changed, the fundamental technology hasn’t.

The AI Smokescreen

Labeling a product as an “AI accessibility platform” gives it an air of sophistication. But in many cases, artificial intelligence plays a minimal role—or none at all. Even when developers use AI to detect accessibility issues, it still can’t replace expert human review or hands-on code-level remediation.

Here’s why that matters:
- AI can miss context. It may detect that an image lacks alt text but can’t determine if the description is meaningful.
- AI can’t restructure content. Accessibility isn’t just about fixing what’s visible—it’s also about semantic structure, logical flow, and proper HTML.
- AI can’t interpret intent. True accessibility requires understanding the purpose of design and interaction elements. That takes human judgment.
In short, AI might help flag issues, but it can’t fix them at scale with the nuance needed for real-world usability.

The Real Risks of Relying on Overlays

Many businesses adopt AI accessibility platform, believing they’re safe from lawsuits. They’re not. In fact, overlays are now being cited in accessibility lawsuits. Plaintiffs and advocacy groups argue that these tools are ineffective and even obstructive.

The risks include:
- Legal exposure. Courts have increasingly ruled that overlays do not ensure ADA compliance. Plaintiffs with disabilities have successfully sued companies using these tools.
- Bad UX for disabled users. Overlays can conflict with screen readers, override user settings, or interfere with native assistive tech.
- False security. Businesses relying on accessibility widgets might mistakenly believe they’re protected, overlooking critical accessibility issues that thorough audits and remediation would easily identify. In fact, in 2024 alone, 1,023 companies using accessibility widgets on their websites faced lawsuits.
What Real Accessibility Looks Like

True digital accessibility is not a checkbox or a plugin. It’s a commitment to inclusivity that starts in your codebase. That means:
- Semantic HTML structure
- Meaningful alt text
- Keyboard navigability
- Proper ARIA roles
- Logical content order
- Form labels and error identification
These elements can’t be patched with JavaScript after the fact. They have to be built into the foundation of your site.

Expert-Led Accessibility Works

This is where companies like 216digital come in. Unlike overlay vendors, 216digital doesn’t promise overnight compliance. Instead, they deliver code-based accessibility services rooted in real expertise.

Their process includes:
- Manual audits by accessibility professionals
- Comprehensive WCAG testing across devices and assistive technologies
- Remediation services that fix issues in your site’s actual code
- Ongoing support to maintain compliance over time
This approach not only improves accessibility for users with disabilities but also strengthens your brand, SEO, and legal compliance.

Don’t Fall for AI Accessibility Platform

Rebranding overlays as “AI accessibility platforms” is a clever marketing move. But it doesn’t make them more effective. Businesses need to look past the buzzwords and focus on what truly matters: building accessible websites that work for real people.

Overlays offer a temporary illusion of compliance. But for lasting accessibility, legal protection, and a genuinely inclusive user experience, expert-led, code-based solutions are the only path forward.

If you’re serious about accessibility, skip the overlay. Choose real remediation. Choose a partner like 216digital who understands that accessibility isn’t just a feature—it’s a foundation.

Start by filling out the contact form below to schedule your complimentary ADA briefing with 216digital today.
Greg McNeil

April 2, 2025

Legal Compliance

Accessibility, Ai and Overlay Widgets, AI-driven accessibility, Overlay, WCAG, Web Accessibility, Widgets
How WCAG 1.3.1 Supports Cognitive Disabilities
Have you ever landed on a website where everything feels jumbled and disorganized? You’re left scrolling and clicking aimlessly, struggling to find exactly what you’re looking for. While that’s frustrating for anyone, imagine how overwhelming it can be for people who live with cognitive disabilities—conditions that impact concentration, memory, and decision-making.

That’s exactly why WCAG 1.3.1 exists—to help make sure your website’s information is structured clearly enough for everyone, including those using assistive technologies, to understand it. WCAG 1.3.1 ensures your site’s headings, labels, lists, and content flow are similarly clear, logical, and user-friendly.

Considering more than 10% of U.S. adults experience cognitive disabilities, overlooking these details can unintentionally exclude a significant audience from fully engaging with your site. By understanding and applying WCAG 1.3.1, you’ll create a digital space that feels welcoming and intuitive for everyone—no matter how they access your content.

What Is WCAG Success Criterion 1.3.1?

WCAG 1.3.1 is part of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 at Level A, falling under the “Perceivable” category. If that sounds a bit abstract, think of it like sorting a stack of papers into clearly labeled folders. Without labels or folders, everything’s just a heap of documents. That’s no fun for anyone—especially when you’re in a rush to find something specific.

In web terms, WCAG 1.3.1 means your headings, lists, and form labels should make sense both visually and in the background code. This way, a screen reader can “see” the right order of information. If you’re only styling text to make it bold or bigger instead of using proper headings, you might be leaving people who rely on assistive technology in the dark.

A well-structured site is like a neatly organized book: each section has a clear title, bullet points highlight the big ideas, and you don’t have to guess where to look next.

But here’s the important part: WCAG 1.3.1 goes beyond just how things look. It ensures that the underlying relationships in your content—like which label belongs to which form field—are crystal clear to anyone using a screen reader or navigating with a keyboard. It’s basically an invitation for everyone to participate comfortably, no matter what tools they use to browse.

How WCAG 1.3.1 Supports Individuals with Cognitive Disabilities

Before diving into specific tips, let’s talk a bit about what cognitive disabilities actually are. These cover a wide range of challenges with attention, memory, problem-solving, and more. Here are a few common examples, along with how WCAG 1.3.1 makes their digital lives easier:

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)

People with ADHD might find it really tough to focus if a page is cluttered or if the layout changes all the time. Too many pop-ups, ads, or random bold headings can be a nightmare.

By keeping a consistent layout, using proper headings, and breaking text into smaller chunks, you give users with ADHD fewer distractions so they can quickly find what they need.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Some individuals on the autism spectrum thrive on predictability. Sudden layout changes or bright, blinking ads can cause stress or confusion.

Predictable navigation, clearly marked headings, and removing “visual clutter” create a smoother, calmer experience. When you group information logically, it’s like giving users a map that helps them explore your site at their own pace.

Dyslexia

Large blocks of unbroken text can be overwhelming for someone with dyslexia. Inconsistent fonts or formatting can make reading even harder.

Clear headings, logical order, and bullet points break down the content into manageable pieces. This lets readers focus on one idea at a time instead of getting lost in a long wall of text.

Remember, WCAG 1.3.1 isn’t just a fancy acronym. It’s a set of principles that tell you how to code and structure your site so people with various cognitive disabilities—and really, all people—can find what they’re looking for without extra stress.

Best Practices to Implement WCAG 1.3.1

Use Proper HTML Markup
- Headings (<h1> to <h6>): Mark each section appropriately. It’s like having chapters and sub-chapters in a well-organized book.
- Lists (<ul>, <ol>, <li>): Want to highlight key points or steps in a process? Use real list tags. These help people scan for main ideas.
- Tables (<th>, <caption>): If you share data, make sure tables have clear headers, so screen readers can point out each column accurately.
- Form Labels (<label> for <input>): Even a small tweak—like changing “Email” to “Email Address”—can help a lot.
Make Labels and Associations Meaningful
- Descriptive Form Labels: Be specific. “Name” could mean first name, last name, or both. “Full Name” is clearer and reduces guesswork for users who rely on assistive tools.
- Grouping Related Form Elements: If you’re asking for billing and shipping information, use <fieldset> and <legend> to separate them. It’s like labeling two different drawers in the same cabinet.
Keep a Logical Reading Order
- Match Visual and Code Order: If your page appears in a certain order visually, make sure the code follows that same flow. That way, screen readers read the content in the correct sequence.
- Avoid Layout Tables: Using tables to position content might scramble the reading order for assistive technologies. Stick to headings, sections, and CSS for layout.
- Check CSS: Sometimes, fancy layouts shift elements around so that a screen reader says one thing while you’re visually seeing something else.
Allow Alternative Navigation Methods
- Use ARIA Landmarks: Elements like <nav>, <main>, and <aside> tell assistive tools what each section is for.
- Keyboard Accessibility: Make sure users can reach all buttons and links by using the Tab key. Some folks don’t or can’t use a mouse.
Common Mistakes to Watch Out For

Depending on Style Instead of Structure

For instance, using large bold text to indicate a heading but never actually marking it with <h2> or <h3>.

Overloading with Unstructured Content

Huge paragraphs with no headings, lists, or visual breaks can make reading a challenge for anyone, let alone someone with a cognitive disability.

Skipping Testing

Even if your code looks good, testing with screen readers or keyboard-only setups can reveal hidden problems. If possible, invite real users with disabilities to test your site and share feedback.

Better Structure Means Better Accessibility

When you boil it all down, WCAG 1.3.1 is about one key idea: making your content easy to understand and navigate. By using proper headings, clear labels, and logical order, you’re welcoming people with ADHD, ASD, dyslexia, and other cognitive disabilities into a space where they can comfortably engage with your content. And really, that’s a win for everyone. A well-organized site helps users who don’t have disabilities, too, because it’s simply easier to use.

If you want to stay ahead in the accessibility world, WCAG 1.3.1 is a great place to start. It doesn’t have to be a big, daunting project, either. Sometimes, small changes—like adding more headings or re-labeling form fields—can make a huge difference in someone’s online experience.

If you’re ready to optimize your site’s structure for everyone’s benefit, 216digital can guide you through each step. Our team will help you make sure your site meets WCAG 1.3.1 standards without losing any of your own unique style or branding.
Greg McNeil

March 26, 2025

WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, WCAG, WCAG Compliance, WCAG conformance, Web Accessibility
How to Make Your Marketing More Accessible

You know how important marketing is already. But the real question is: Who’s not getting your message?

It’s easy to assume your carefully crafted campaigns are reaching everyone—but are they? What about someone using a screen reader? Or someone experiencing cognitive overload from flashing images or cluttered layouts?

You’re already working with engagement rates, algorithms, and design trends if you’re a marketer or content creator. So why do you need to worry about accessibility, too? Because accessible marketing is not optional—it’s necessary if you want to reach more, protect your brand, and build more trust.

Let’s parse out the ways that accessibility intersects with marketing now—and how it actually puts you ahead in terms of competition.

Why Accessibility Matters in Marketing

Grow Your Audience—Organically

Consider this: nearly 16% of people globally possess a disability that affects how they use the internet. If your content or site isn’t accessible, you’re missing out on a significant portion of your audience. Adding accessible marketing helps those individuals, but it also has the effect of simplifying and enhancing the experience for all, making your brand more desirable and accessible.

Improve Your Brand’s Credibility

Audiences today notice—and appreciate—brands that are concerned with being inclusive. Brands like Microsoft and Apple have established trust by being considerate and inclusive behaviors. By adopting accessible marketing, you’re broadcasting a message loud and clear: you genuinely care about your audience. That sincerity boosts customer loyalty and turns customers into brand ambassadors.

Get a Natural SEO Boost

Here’s a practical advantage: accessible marketing tends to coincide with SEO best practices. Descriptive text and clear, well-structured content help search engines and assistive technologies comprehend your content better. By making your site more accessible, you’ll not only enhance user experience but also perhaps enhance your search result visibility.

Stay Compliant and Reduce Risk

You’re probably familiar with accessibility laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and guidelines such as Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Ignoring these standards can lead to serious legal consequences—something no brand wants to face. By integrating accessible marketing into your strategies, you proactively avoid these risks, protecting your business and its reputation.

Website Accessibility Tips

Make Your Content Easy to Navigate

Attempt to use only the Tab key to navigate through your site. Is it easy and self-evident? Good usage of headings (H1, H2, H3) isn’t all about design appearance—it helps users navigate without hindrance, especially those who rely on assistive technologies.

Always Add Alt Text to Images

Alt text is a short description of an image. Screen readers use this text to describe the image aloud for people who can’t see it. For example, if you have a photo of a smiling person holding a dog, your alt text could say, “A woman holding a small brown dog and laughing.”

When writing alt text, be clear and concise. Provide enough information so someone can imagine the picture if they can’t see it. This step takes only a few seconds per image, but it goes a long way in making sure everyone can follow along.

Use Clear Language and Short Sentences

Plain language is your friend. It cuts out fluff and makes your message easier to understand. Not everyone enjoys reading long paragraphs loaded with big words. Simple wording often performs better because people grasp the idea quickly. Then, they can respond, share, or buy without confusion.

Try to limit long sentences. If a sentence feels like it’s going on forever, break it into two. This helps your audience read faster and makes screen readers work better.

Check Keyboard Navigation and Focus Indicators

Not everybody is a mouse user. Well-designed visible keyboard focus indicators make it easy for users with keyboard navigation or assistive device users to access your site with ease.

Be Careful With Animated Content

Animated or blinking content can be distracting or even harmful to some users. When you use animations, always provide an easy way to pause or disable them.

Social Media Accessibility Best Practices

Alt Text Isn’t Just for Websites

Image descriptions (alt text) are supported by most social media platforms these days. Make it a habit—you’re taking a simple step toward accessible marketing.

Format Hashtags Clearly

Hashtags like #MarketingTips2023 (all capitals) are more screen-reader friendly than all-lowercase counterparts, increasing accessibility right away.

Limit Emoji Usage

Emojis are great, but they should be used only sparingly. Excessive emoji usage will provide messy audio experiences for screen reader users.

Tag Your Links with Care

“Click Here” is useless. Descriptive words like “Find our latest products” will all inform users properly of the intent of the link.

Multimedia Accessibility Strategies

Use Captions and Transcripts

Video marketing is a big part of many brands’ strategies. But some viewers are deaf or hard of hearing. Others can’t use sound at certain times, like when they’re in a library or a busy coffee shop. Closed captions let them follow the video’s message without hearing the audio.

A transcript is also helpful. It’s a written version of all the spoken words and important sounds in a video. Transcripts help search engines pick up on your keywords. This gives an added SEO boost.

Add Audio Descriptions

Audio descriptions explain to visually impaired viewers what they are missing. This action unequivocally demonstrates your brand’s commitment to accessible marketing.

Making Accessibility a Habit

Make Accessibility Part of Your Workflow

Accessibility need not be a burden. Incorporate it into your regular content creation processes—train personnel, prep checklists, and add accessibility into every campaign plan. Accessible marketing will be second nature in no time.

Regularly Improve

Accessibility is not set-and-forget. Regular testing with tools like WAVE or Lighthouse and feedback from real-life assistive tech users ensures that your marketing remains effective and inclusive.

Closing the Conversion Gap

Marketing is all about creating a connection—and that connection isn’t whole if parts of your audience are left behind. By committing to accessible marketing, you’re committing to better communication, more active relationships, and more relevant experiences for each and every individual who comes into contact with your brand.

So, how do you begin? Take what you already do so well and add accessibility to it. Utilize it to inform the way you design, write, and present content. And when you need advice, we at 216digital can keep everything in rhythm, accessible to everyone, and effective.

Great marketing is not just something that is seen or heard – it’s something that’s felt by everyone.

Greg McNeil

March 24, 2025

How-to Guides, The Benefits of Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility Training

Accessibility, Digital Marketing, Marketing, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
Automated Scans: The Good, the Bad, and the Gaps
Creating a truly inclusive online experience means making sure everyone can comfortably navigate and enjoy your website. If your business aims to meet accessibility guidelines like WCAG and comply with laws such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), you’ve probably considered automated accessibility scans as a helpful first step. Popular tools like WAVE, PowerMapper, and Google Lighthouse can swiftly highlight accessibility issues, making them a practical starting point.

But here’s the thing—automated scans aren’t magic. They typically catch only about 20-30% of accessibility problems covered by WCAG 2.1 AA, mostly basic mistakes. Many important issues need a human touch—manual testing and real judgment—to make sure your website truly serves everyone. This article breaks down what automated scans do well, where they fall short, and tackles some common misconceptions, helping you build a complete, effective approach to digital accessibility.

The Good: Why Automated Accessibility Scans Are Helpful

Automated accessibility scans offer a quick and practical way to uncover accessibility problems. Here’s why they’re so beneficial:

1. Speed and Efficiency Automated tools can quickly scan your entire website within minutes, analyzing hundreds or even thousands of pages. They’re perfect for frequent or large-scale audits without overwhelming your resources.

2. Consistent Results Unlike manual tests, automated scans apply the same criteria every time, ensuring consistent results across your entire site.

3. Budget-Friendly Initial Assessment For businesses working with tight budgets, automated scans offer an affordable way to spot common issues, helping you take immediate action without the hefty costs of comprehensive manual audits.

4. Quickly Spots Easy-to-Fix Issues Automated scans excel at identifying straightforward problems such as missing alternative text for images, insufficient color contrast, empty form labels, and poorly labeled buttons.

5. Fits Seamlessly into Development Workflows Modern accessibility tools integrate directly with your existing development processes, allowing teams to catch and fix issues early on—saving time and reducing future remediation costs.

The Bad: Limitations of Automated Scans

To avoid a false sense of security, organizations need to understand the limitations of automated scans:

1. Can’t Identify Contextual Issues Automated tools aren’t great at judging context. For example:
- Alternative Text: They detect missing alt text but can’t determine if descriptions are actually helpful.
- Keyboard Navigation: Tools may confirm elements are focusable but can’t judge ease of use.
- Form Usability: Automated scans notice if labels exist, but can’t assess how easy forms are to use.
2. Struggles with Dynamic Content Automated tools often miss dynamic and interactive content, such as:
- ARIA implementations
- Live region updates
- Changes in modal dialogs or dropdowns
3. False Positives and False Negatives Automated scans sometimes flag issues that aren’t real barriers (false positives) or overlook genuine problems (false negatives), potentially causing unnecessary work or leaving critical issues unaddressed.

4. Not a Substitute for Real User Testing Automated scans can’t replicate the experience of actual users who rely on assistive technology. Only manual testing and real user feedback can fully validate accessibility.

5. Risk of Legal Issues Relying solely on automated scans won’t guarantee full legal compliance. Courts consistently rule that automated tools alone aren’t enough, potentially exposing organizations to legal action.

The Gaps: Bridging Automation with Human Insight

To build a truly accessible website, combine automated testing with manual evaluation:

1. Mix Automated and Manual Testing A comprehensive audit should include both automated and manual methods. Automated tools give a broad initial review, while manual testing covers the usability and context these tools miss.

2. Perform Real-World Testing with Screen Readers and Keyboards Manual tests with screen readers and keyboard navigation ensure your website is practically accessible in real-world use.

3. Get Expert Audits Professional accessibility audits blend automated tools, manual testing, and real-user scenarios, uncovering hidden issues automated scans might overlook.

4. Continuously Monitor Accessibility Accessibility isn’t a one-time fix. Regular monitoring with tools like a11y.Radar helps maintain compliance even as your website evolves.

5. Educate Your Team Training your developers, designers, and content creators on accessibility best practices minimizes future issues. Automated tools should guide—not replace—human judgment.

Conclusion: Finding the Right Balance

Automated accessibility scans are fantastic for quickly identifying common issues but aren’t enough on their own. Recognizing their limitations highlights why manual testing, expert reviews, and ongoing monitoring are vital. Businesses committed to digital accessibility should adopt a balanced approach, combining automated tools with human insights to ensure truly inclusive experiences. If you’re looking for guidance or support in building this balanced approach, the experts at 216digital can help you navigate your accessibility journey. Ultimately, accessibility is about genuinely understanding and meeting real users’ needs, going beyond mere compliance.
Greg McNeil

March 17, 2025

Testing & Remediation

Accessibility, automated scans, automated testing, manual audit, Manual Testing, Web Accessibility
Coffee Shop Website Accessibility: What’s Missing?
Have you ever visited a coffee shop’s website to check their menu, order online, or see their hours? Did you feel lost because the site was confusing? Now, imagine dealing with that struggle each time you want to find your go-to latte. Or when you want to learn about a shop’s new roast. For people who rely on screen readers or have other visual impairments, that frustration can happen a lot.

Many coffee shop owners and content creators in the United States might not realize these barriers exist. Making sure everyone can move around your website without trouble is more important than you might think. In this post, I’ll point out some common obstacles and why they matter. I’ll also share how a few small changes can make a big impact.

Why Does Coffee Shop Website Accessibility Matters?

When you think about coffee shops, you might picture a warm atmosphere and friendly baristas. You might also imagine the smell of freshly brewed beans. Online, we want to capture that same welcoming feeling. By focusing on coffee shop website accessibility, we want to make sure people can order their favorite drinks. We also want them to read menu items or discover new roasts without trouble.

If a visually impaired customer struggles to find key details, they might miss out on daily deals or new seasonal drinks. They could even miss basic facts like store hours.

One often overlooked detail is how screen readers work. These tools read text out loud to users who can’t see the screen. If a website isn’t organized well, or if images don’t have good descriptions, screen reader users can miss key details. It’s crucial to keep everything labeled and clear. That could mean they never learn about your limited-edition pumpkin spice latte or your special buy-one-get-one-free deal. By making a few updates, you can share the joy of your coffee shop with everyone who visits online.

Missing Alt Text for Images

Coffee shops show off photos of their specialty drinks, pastries, and interiors. There’s nothing quite like seeing a perfectly steamed latte art design on the homepage. However, if these images don’t include a brief written description (often called “alt text”), a screen reader can’t share that info with someone who is visually impaired. That leaves them guessing what’s in the image.

What to do:
- Make sure each picture has short alt text that describes what’s shown. If you have a frothy cappuccino in a ceramic mug with a leaf design on top, write something like, “Cappuccino with leaf latte art in a white mug.”
- Keep it simple and clear. A few words can help everyone enjoy the same tasty-looking photos.
Hard-to-Read Text and Poor Contrast

Sometimes, coffee shop websites use warm and earthy color palettes to match the cozy vibe of a local café. But light brown text on a cream background can be hard for many people to read. Dark red lettering on a black background can cause the same problem.

If your text and background colors don’t have enough contrast, users might struggle to read menu items or promotions. They could also miss important contact details.

What to do:
- Pick colors with high contrast, so text stands out. You can use free online contrast-checker tools.
- Keep text large enough so visitors of all ages can comfortably read your menu and shop info. Test on a phone or tablet to see if users need to zoom in.
Unclear Headings and Structure

Have you ever looked at a website and felt lost because everything blended together? Using clear headings and labels helps both sighted users and people with screen readers navigate your site.

When your text is broken into sections like “Our Menu,” “About Us,” “Location,” and “Contact,” users can jump right where they need to go. This layout helps both sighted users and screen readers. Screen readers also rely on proper heading levels (like H1, H2, H3) to guide listeners in the right order. If headings aren’t used correctly, the page can feel disorganized for those who can’t see it.

What to do:
- Give each page a main heading (H1), then use H2s and H3s for subheadings.
- Don’t skip heading levels. Going from H1 to H3 can confuse people using screen readers.
Unlabeled or Unclear Links and Buttons

Buttons like “Order Now,” “Sign Up,” or “View Menu” should clearly say what they do. If a button only says “Click Here,” screen reader users might not know what “here” refers to. The same goes for links.

If many links are labeled “Learn More,” it’s tricky to figure out which page or product each link goes to. Users might have to guess or click blindly.

What to do:
- Use descriptive link and button text, like “Order a Latte” or “Learn About Our Pastries.”
- If you offer online ordering, label each step so people know exactly what to do next.
Forms Without Proper Labels

Some coffee shop websites have newsletter sign-up forms or contact forms for special orders. If these forms aren’t labeled well, a screen reader might say something like “edit box” instead of “email address.” That can leave users guessing what to type.

What to do:
- Label each form field clearly. For instance, use “Name” or “Email Address” so people know what goes where.
- Provide helpful error messages. If someone enters an invalid email, explain what happened and how to fix it.
Videos Without Captions or Transcripts

Video might not be the first thing that comes to mind for a coffee shop website. Still, some shops post video tours, latte art tutorials, or interviews with the barista. If these don’t have captions or transcripts, users who are deaf or hard of hearing could feel left out. Good website accessibility means making the site easy for everyone, not just folks with vision challenges.

What to do:
- Add captions to your videos or provide a simple transcript. This helps anyone who can’t hear or who’s watching in a quiet place (or a super noisy one).
How to Get Started

Improving coffee shop website accessibility doesn’t have to be complicated. You can start by using free online tools that scan your pages and highlight issues like missing alt text or low contrast. It also helps to ask a few friends or loyal customers to test your site and tell you what works and what doesn’t.

If you find bigger problems, think about working with a web developer who understands website accessibility. They can guide you through changes and help you meet standards commonly used in the United States. Even small fixes can create a smoother online experience for everyone, from a busy parent ordering pastries for the weekend to a coffee enthusiast searching for a new blend to try.

A Warm Welcome, On and Offline

When people walk through your coffee shop’s door, you greet them with a smile. Why not do the same online? A website that’s easy to use creates that same feeling of warmth and belonging. Whether someone’s checking your menu for gluten-free treats, ordering a bag of beans for home, or simply browsing the specials, clear labels and good navigation make them feel included.

By focusing on coffee shop website accessibility, you open your digital doors to everyone. It’s a great way to build community, grow your business, and show off what makes your café special. After all, everyone deserves to enjoy that perfect cup of coffee—no matter how they get there.

If you’re ready to make your coffee shop’s website more accessible but aren’t sure where to start, 216digital can help. We specialize in website accessibility solutions tailored to small businesses, making sure your site is welcoming for everyone. Let’s work together to create a seamless online experience—just like the one you offer in your shop.
Greg McNeil

March 14, 2025

How-to Guides, WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, coffee shop, forms, Image Alt Text, videos and audio content, Web Accessibility
Keyboard Accessibility: A Guide for Web Developers
Think about the last time you visited a website with a complex menu or a long list of links. If you tried navigating without a mouse—maybe because you found it faster to use the Tab key—you might have encountered invisible outlines, a random tab order, or even getting stuck in a popup with no clear way out. These problems highlight why keyboard accessibility is essential.

When websites are built so that every button, link, and form field is accessible via keyboard, it becomes easier for everyone to navigate and complete tasks.

What Is Keyboard Accessibility?

At its core, keyboard accessibility ensures that everything on a website can be reached and used without a mouse. This is crucial for people with motor impairments who rely on keyboards or assistive devices, as well as users with visual impairments who navigate with screen readers. Even power users benefit, often finding keyboard shortcuts and navigation faster than using a mouse.

Beyond improving usability, proper keyboard accessibility leads to better-organized code and a more logical page structure—benefits that search engines reward with better SEO rankings. Simply put, improving keyboard accessibility benefits both users and website owners. However, achieving it comes with challenges.

Common Keyboard Accessibility Challenges

Despite its importance, keyboard accessibility is often overlooked. Many websites suffer from poor focus visibility, illogical tab orders, and keyboard traps that frustrate users. Addressing these pitfalls is key to creating a smooth, user-friendly experience.

Below are three of the most common keyboard accessibility issues—and how to fix them.

1. Designing Effective Focus Indicators

Focus indicators visually highlight which element is currently selected when navigating with a keyboard. They help users track their position as they move through a webpage using the Tab key.

Why Focus Indicators Matter

Imagine navigating a website solely by keyboard. If you press Tab but can’t see where you are because the focus highlight is too faint—or missing altogether—you’re left guessing. This creates confusion and frustration. Clear, high-contrast focus indicators ensure users always know where they are on the page.

Best Practices for Focus Indicators
- Outline thickness: At least 2 CSS pixels
- Outline offset: Keep at least 2 CSS pixels between the outline and the element’s edge
- Contrast ratio: A minimum of 3:1 between the focus indicator and the background
Understanding the :focus-visible Pseudo-Class

The :focus selector applies styles whenever an element gains focus, including when it’s clicked with a mouse. But :focus-visible applies focus styles only when an element is navigated via keyboard, keeping the interface clean for mouse users while ensuring keyboard users get clear visual cues.

Example:
```
*:focus-visible {
  border: 2px solid black; /* Ensure noticeable contrast */
  outline-offset: 2px;
}
```
2. Maintaining a Logical Navigation Order

Users navigate websites sequentially using the Tab key. The focus order should match the visual layout to avoid confusion. A mismatch disrupts the browsing experience, making it difficult for users to predict what comes next.

Tips for Logical Navigation
- Use proper HTML structure: Semantic elements like headers (<h1> – <h6>), lists, and landmarks guide screen readers and browsers to interpret content correctly.
- Avoid positive tabindex values: Manually setting a positive tabindex can force elements into an unnatural order, leading to confusion.
- Provide “Skip to Main Content” links: These allow users to bypass repetitive navigation and jump straight to the main content.
- Beware of keyboard traps: Ensure users can always navigate away from popups, modals, or embedded elements using only the keyboard.
3. Proper tabindex Implementation

The tabindex attribute controls how elements receive focus. While useful in some cases, it’s often misused.

What tabindex Does
- tabindex="0": Inserts the element into the default tab order based on its position in the DOM. Ideal for custom interactive elements like <div> buttons.
- tabindex="-1": Removes an element from sequential keyboard navigation but allows focus via scripting. Useful for modals or hidden elements.
- Positive values (e.g., tabindex="1"): Best avoided, as forcing a custom order can break the expected tab sequence and frustrate users.
Best Practices
- Use semantic HTML (<button>, <a>), which is naturally keyboard-accessible.
- Avoid adding tabindex to non-interactive elements like text or static images.
- Use negative tabindex for hidden or modal content that should only receive focus under certain conditions.
- Stick to the natural tab order whenever possible—custom focus orders should be a last resort.
Testing Your Website’s Keyboard Accessibility

Even with best practices in place, testing is essential to catch issues before they impact users. A combination of manual and automated testing provides the most reliable results.

Manual Testing
- Navigate using only a keyboard: Use the Tab key to move through all interactive elements. Press Enter (or Space) to activate buttons and links.
- Check focus visibility: Ensure focus indicators are always clear and meet contrast requirements.
- Verify logical tab order: Does the sequence make sense based on how someone would naturally read or navigate your page?
- Watch for keyboard traps: Ensure modals, dropdowns, and embedded content allow users to navigate away freely.
Automated Testing Tools

Browser-Based Tools
- Firefox Accessibility Inspector: Displays how the browser interprets focusable elements.
- Chrome DevTools (Accessibility Panel): Helps analyze the site’s structure.
- WAVE Evaluation Tool: Flags potential accessibility issues directly in the browser.
While these tools are powerful, nothing replaces real user feedback. Testing with people who rely on keyboard navigation often reveals hidden issues automated tools miss.

Conclusion

Keyboard accessibility is a fundamental part of inclusive web design. Making sure users can navigate your site without a mouse ensures better usability for everyone—including people with disabilities who rely on keyboard navigation. Plus, it improves SEO, usability, and compliance, making it a win-win for both users and businesses.

The best practices covered here—such as customizing focus indicators, maintaining a logical tab order, and using tabindex responsibly—are essential steps toward a more accessible website. Regular testing, both manual and automated, helps ensure your site meets WCAG guidelines and delivers a smooth experience for all users.

For expert guidance, consider working with accessibility professionals like 216digital. Specialists can help you implement strategies that go beyond basic compliance, ensuring long-term usability and inclusivity. When you prioritize keyboard accessibility, you create a more welcoming web for everyone—and that’s a goal worth striving for.
Greg McNeil

March 13, 2025

How-to Guides

Accessibility, keyboard accessibility, Keyboard Navigation, tabindex, Web Accessibility, web developers, web development
Will the EAA Really Affect U.S. Businesses?
If you’re a U.S.-based e-commerce entrepreneur, website owner, or digital compliance professional, you’ve probably heard of the European Accessibility Act (EAA). This legislation aims to standardize accessibility requirements across the European Union (EU), impacting everything from e-commerce and banking to transportation. At first glance, it may seem like yet another global regulation lurking on the horizon. But here’s the good news: for most U.S. businesses, the EAA is far less of a legal threat than you might think.

While there’s been chatter that EAA-related fines could reach American shores, practical realities—like jurisdiction limits and the complexities of cross-border enforcement—mean it’s unlikely to affect you unless you have a substantial European footprint. Still, that doesn’t mean you should shrug off accessibility. Stateside, legal obligations are mounting quickly, and both federal and state-level regulations on web accessibility are gaining traction. In fact, ADA lawsuits connected to digital accessibility are soaring, putting genuine pressure on U.S. businesses to ensure inclusivity.

In this article, we’ll take a closer look at why the EAA probably won’t keep you up at night if you’re mostly serving U.S. customers. We’ll also explore why your real focus should stay on meeting domestic accessibility requirements—and how investing in accessibility can not only protect you from legal headaches but also help you reach new customers.

The EAA and Its Scope

At its core, the EAA is designed to make sure products and services in the EU are accessible to people with disabilities. Think of it as a catch-all that covers a wide range of areas, including:
- Websites and Mobile Apps: E-commerce sites and other digital platforms should be compatible with assistive technologies like screen readers, offering clear, user-friendly layouts.
- Financial Services: Online banking platforms must be workable for people with visual, mobility, or other impairments.
- Transportation Services: Booking and ticketing systems should be built with inclusive design principles in mind.
Although these rules zero in on European markets, any company that aggressively sells to EU residents might need to comply. The bottom line: if you’re physically located in the EU or do a significant amount of business there, you’re on the EAA’s radar. But if you’re a small U.S. boutique that only very occasionally ships overseas, the likelihood of direct EAA enforcement is pretty slim.

Application to U.S. Businesses

Let’s say you’re a U.S.-based e-commerce owner who sells mostly to Americans. The odds are that you won’t need to stress about the EAA in a strict sense. If 95% of your customers are stateside, EU regulators won’t have much reason to come knocking. On the other hand, if you’ve set up localized sites for different European countries, handle EU shipping logistics, or run targeted campaigns in Europe, then yes, the EAA becomes more relevant.

In short, the EAA matters most to companies that are genuinely active in Europe. If that’s not you, you can breathe a little easier—but remember that web accessibility is still a big deal in the U.S.

The Limited Reach of EAA Enforcement in the U.S.

Cross-Border E-Commerce Engagement

One of the main reasons the EAA might not impact smaller American businesses is the nature of cross-border e-commerce itself. While online selling is global in principle, a lot of U.S. companies still cater primarily to domestic buyers. In fact, about 25% of North American e-commerce is cross-border; that leaves 75% as local, and a stronger domestic focus typically means lower risk of EU regulatory scrutiny.

If you’re not set up for international shipping or don’t localize your site for EU customers, you’re even less likely to get attention from European authorities. An occasional European sale here or there usually won’t land you under the EAA umbrella.

Challenges in International Enforcement

The EU can’t just wave a wand to enforce its laws on businesses located in other countries; it needs legal jurisdiction and international cooperation. Historically, European regulators tend to target bigger players—those with a notable EU presence and significant resources—rather than chasing smaller American businesses that ship an item or two overseas.

Potential Business Responses

Some companies respond to foreign regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by blocking traffic from EU regions altogether. While that certainly sidesteps EAA compliance, it also shuts the door on potential European customers. Another approach is adopting accessibility best practices proactively. Even if you never hear from EU regulators, making your site inclusive can keep you safe from domestic lawsuits and win you new fans at home and abroad.

Why EAA Compliance May Not Be a Top Priority for U.S. Regulators

GDPR Enforcement as a Precedent

When the GDPR went live in 2018, a lot of U.S. businesses scrambled to post cookie consent banners or even block European visitors. Over time, though, we saw that heavy fines usually targeted giants like Meta and Google—companies that clearly operate in the EU. Most smaller U.S. entities, especially those without a European presence, didn’t face the same scrutiny.

The EAA will follow a similar pattern. Regulators will focus first on the big fish: major corporations that do a lot of business in Europe. If you’re not among them, your risk goes down considerably.

Focus on EU-Based Entities

Enforcement agencies work most effectively with entities physically or legally based in the EU. If you’re a mid-size American seller without any EU office or significant European operations, you’re unlikely to draw regulator attention. This doesn’t mean zero risk—it just means the probability is low compared to the very real possibility of an ADA lawsuit in the U.S.

The Real Risk: U.S. Web Accessibility Laws & State-Level Legislation

ADA and Web Accessibility Lawsuits

While the EAA might sound intimidating, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is the real concern for many U.S. businesses. In 2023 alone, over 4,600 ADA-related web accessibility lawsuits were filed in the U.S., most notably in states such as New York, Florida, and California.

These lawsuits often ask questions like:
- Is your website easily navigable with a screen reader?
- Do you have captions for your videos?
- Can users complete a purchase using only a keyboard?
Lacking these features can land you in hot water, resulting in demand letters, lawsuits, and potentially hefty legal costs. Even if you avoid a lawsuit, states like California and New York are increasingly pushing for stricter rules around digital accessibility. If you have customers in these states, you can’t afford to ignore these developments.

The Imperative of Web Accessibility

Accessibility is more than a legal shield—it’s also good business. Almost one in four adults in the U.S. lives with some form of disability, which means making your website inclusive can significantly broaden your audience. On top of that, accessible sites often provide a smoother overall user experience and align well with search engine optimization (SEO) best practices.

Focus on What Really Matters for U.S. Businesses

The EAA is critical for businesses with a genuine stake in EU markets, but if your customer base is mostly American, the EAA probably won’t become your biggest legal headache anytime soon. EU regulators usually set their sights on larger players with a visible European footprint, so a small U.S. business with minimal European sales isn’t high on their list.

Prioritizing Domestic Compliance

Instead of stressing over the EAA, channel your energy into meeting domestic accessibility standards. ADA lawsuits and state-level rules in the U.S. are ramping up, and that’s where your real vulnerability lies. By aligning with ADA guidelines and the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), you minimize the risk of legal trouble here at home.

Benefits of Accessibility

Beyond reducing legal risks, accessibility has plenty of other perks:
- Better User Experience: A clean, inclusive layout helps everyone.
- Bigger Audience: You’ll welcome people with disabilities, which is a sizable market segment.
- Stronger Brand Reputation: Consumers appreciate businesses that take inclusivity seriously.
- SEO Boost: Search engines favor structured, easy-to-navigate websites.
Protect Your Business Where It Counts Most

It’s easy to feel overwhelmed by headlines about the EAA and worry that European regulators might suddenly target American businesses. However, realistically, their enforcement focus is primarily on companies with strong ties to the EU. If you’re mostly selling to an American audience, the European Accessibility Act shouldn’t keep you up at night.

Instead, put your energy where it matters most—your website’s domestic accessibility. ADA compliance is not just about avoiding lawsuits; it’s an opportunity to connect with a broader audience and build a more inclusive, trustworthy brand.

If you’re unsure where to start or want to ensure your business is fully protected and accessible, reach out to our team at 216digital. Our experts will help you identify your accessibility gaps, guide you through compliance, and ensure your site delivers an inclusive experience for everyone.

Don’t wait until accessibility becomes an emergency—contact 216digital today and get ahead of the curve.
Greg McNeil

March 12, 2025

Legal Compliance

Accessibility, accessibility laws, EAA, European Accessibility Act, Legal compliance, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility

Captions or Subtitles: What’s the Difference?

You’ve probably used them without a second thought—watching a movie in another language, scrolling social media with the sound off, or trying to follow dialogue in a noisy room. But have you ever noticed that sometimes the text includes sound effects and speaker names, while other times it’s just the spoken words?

It’s easy to assume captions and subtitles are the same, but they serve different purposes. If you’ve ever struggled to keep up with fast dialogue or wished for more context in a quiet scene, you’ve already experienced the difference—maybe without even realizing it.

So, what really sets them apart, and why does it matter? Let’s break it down.

What Are Captions?

Captions do more than just show dialogue—they make videos accessible for people who are deaf or hard of hearing. They include spoken words and crucial audio cues such as background noises, tone changes, and speaker identifications.

Additionally, captions help content creators comply with important accessibility guidelines like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and Section 508.

Types of Captions

Closed Captions (CC) give viewers control to switch captions on or off and even adjust their appearance. Think YouTube, Netflix, or Zoom.

Open Captions stay visible all the time. They’re perfect for social media videos, events, or public places where you can’t rely on viewers to activate captions themselves.

What Are Subtitles?

Subtitles primarily translate spoken words into another language for viewers who can hear but might not understand what’s being said. Unlike captions, subtitles typically skip audio cues and speaker names. They’re great for international movies or videos aimed at a global audience.

Subtitles vs. Captions: Key Differences

Features	Captions	Subtitles
Purpose	Accessibility for Deaf/ Hard-of-hearing	Language Translation
Includes Sound Effects?	Yes	No
Speaker Identification?	Yes	No
Non-verbal Audio Cues?	Yes	No
Assumes Viewer Can Hear?	No	Yes

Why Are Captions Important for Web Accessibility?

Captions create truly inclusive content accessible to everyone. Beyond meeting legal requirements, captions help businesses avoid compliance risks and potential lawsuits.

But captions have benefits beyond compliance—they boost SEO by enabling search engines to index your video content effectively. They enhance viewer engagement, especially in quiet or noisy environments, and help non-native speakers follow along more easily, improving comprehension and retention.

Open vs. Closed Captions: Which Should You Use?

Choosing between open and closed captions depends on your content and audience.

Open Captions are excellent for social media, live events, and public displays, where activating captions isn’t practical. They ensure every viewer can immediately access your message without additional steps.

Closed Captions are ideal for platforms like YouTube or Netflix, where viewers prefer customizing their caption viewing experience. They’re also essential for educational videos, multilingual content, or professional presentations, where accuracy and personalization enhance viewer experience.

How to Add Captions to Your Digital Content

Adding captions can be straightforward, whether you choose manual or automated methods.

Manual captioning involves creating captions yourself or with professional tools like Adobe Premiere Pro or YouTube Studio. This ensures accuracy and is highly recommended for educational and professional content.

Automatic captioning services like YouTube auto-captions or platforms such as Rev.com provide quick results but may vary in accuracy. Always review and correct auto-generated captions to maintain quality and compliance.

Understanding caption file formats is also beneficial. Popular formats include SRT (.srt), widely compatible across platforms like YouTube and Vimeo, and VTT (.vtt), ideal for web-based videos with additional formatting options.

How to Add Captions

Create or auto-generate captions.
Review and edit carefully for accuracy.
Export the appropriate caption file.
Upload the caption file to your video platform

Best Practices for Creating Accessible Captions

Prioritize Accuracy: Always proofread and edit captions.
Ensure Readability: Choose clear fonts and ensure strong contrast.
Be Concise and Clear: Keep captions brief but sufficient to communicate context.
Clearly Identify Speakers: Use identifiers like [John]: to clarify speakers.
Strategically Place Captions: Position captions without blocking essential visuals, typically at the bottom of the screen.

Captions & Subtitles: Enhancing Your Content

Captions and subtitles aren’t merely text overlays—they enhance viewer experiences, improve accessibility, and expand your content’s reach. By captioning thoughtfully, you’re making your videos richer and more inclusive.

Looking to improve accessibility on your website? At 216digital, we’re ready to help. Reach out via our contact form below and schedule an ADA briefing. Let’s explore how we can elevate your digital presence and engagement together.

Greg McNeil

March 10, 2025

WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, captions, Closed caption, subtitles, videos and audio content, WCAG, WCAG Compliance, Web Accessibility

Title II Compliance Amid Political Uncertainty
The political landscape around disability rights can shift quickly. Yet, for state and local governments, the legal requirements under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) do not vanish. Title II of the ADA makes sure people with disabilities have equal access to government programs and services. Even when leaders talk about changing rules, the obligation to comply with Title II remains.

A recent court case, Ellerbee v. State of Louisiana, shows how serious these rules are. This case has become a wake-up call for many. It sends a clear message: do not wait to make your digital services accessible, or you might face a lawsuit.

ADA Title II Compliance: What Hasn’t Changed

Under Title II, state and local governments must provide equal access to public services. This includes websites, online forms, and mobile apps. The ADA has always covered digital content, even though earlier laws did not spell it out as clearly as modern rules do. Some governments may be waiting for new regulations to make changes. But that is risky because Title II has long required equal access online.

Recent regulations point to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) as the standard. But just because these rules are more precise now does not mean the core obligation is new. Governments that do not meet these accessibility standards can still face legal action from private citizens or advocacy groups. Federal or local policy shifts do not take away the chance of a lawsuit.

Ellerbee v. State of Louisiana: A Court-Ordered Reality Check

In January 2025, a judge ruled that the State of Louisiana must make its websites accessible right away. The plaintiff, Beau Ellerbee, is blind. He sued Louisiana because he could not use its government websites. Louisiana claimed it did not have to follow accessibility standards yet because new federal deadlines were not in effect. However, the judge disagreed. The court said the ADA’s rules already exist and cannot be brushed aside.

This ruling is important. It reminds all governments that waiting for future deadlines is dangerous. The court made it clear that Title II compliance is an immediate duty, not an optional one. If a website is not accessible, people can sue and win—right now. Governments should note this and avoid ignoring their responsibilities.

Political Uncertainty and Compliance: What We Know and Don’t Know

Many leaders wonder if changing political priorities will affect Title II compliance. Some worry that the rule could be canceled. While it is possible, changing a major rule is hard. It takes a long time to undo a regulation, so it will not happen overnight.

Federal enforcement efforts can shift. Some administrations may push more or fewer investigations into accessibility. However, lawsuits from individuals and groups will not just stop. They can still file legal cases when they face barriers. Relying on reduced enforcement is risky. The question is: should you wait? The answer is no. Even if federal agencies slow down, private lawsuits will keep coming. Governments must stay prepared.

Upcoming Deadlines for Digital Accessibility

Here are the upcoming deadlines for digital accessibility:
- Large municipalities (population more than 50,000) and public universities: April 2026
- Smaller municipalities (population under 50,000) and special districts: April 2027
Essential Steps for Title II Compliance

But as we have learned, these deadlines do not mean you can wait until the last minute. Being proactive is essential. Governments should take the following steps now:
1. Conduct Accessibility Audits: Check your websites, mobile apps, and PDFs to find barriers. Consulting with a specialist firm like 216digital to conduct a thorough audit can also be a wise investment.
2. Prioritize High-Impact Services: Focus first on key areas like emergency services, tax portals, and public benefits. These are used most often.
3. Implement Ongoing Training: Train your staff, especially those involved in website management and content creation, about web accessibility.
4. Monitor and Maintain Compliance: Accessibility is ongoing. After fixing issues, keep testing, new accessibility issues will arise over time.
5. Document Efforts: Keep records of your audits, training sessions, and updates. This shows good faith in meeting Title II requirements.
Legal Precedents Are Changing—Is Your Business Ready?

Although the recent uproar in Louisiana focused on Title II, there is a growing concern that courts could apply the same level of scrutiny to Title III, which governs private businesses. When judges see states being held responsible for inaccessibility under Title II, it is not a stretch to imagine them enforcing strict guidelines for private companies under Title III of the ADA.

Private online businesses that have not yet addressed accessibility may be at risk. Website accessibility lawsuits against private companies are on the rise. For instance, in 2017, federal lawsuits related to inaccessible websites and apps stood at around 814. By 2024, that number had soared to more than 4,000. If the tide can turn so quickly for state and local governments, private businesses should assume that Title III enforcement could intensify just as fast.

The Path Forward Amid Uncertainty

Political changes may create doubt, but the duty to follow Title II remains. The Ellerbee v. State of Louisiana ruling shows that waiting for future deadlines can lead to immediate lawsuits. If you manage a government website or any public-facing digital service, now is the best time to address accessibility needs.

The same principle applies to private businesses. If you have questions about making your online presence meet ADA guidelines, consider scheduling an ADA briefing with 216digital. Our team of accessibility experts can develop strategies to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap on your terms so you can focus on what matters — your business.
Greg McNeil

March 4, 2025

Legal Compliance

Accessibility, ADA, ADA Compliance, ADA Title II, Title II, Web Accessibility

What Is Alt Text?

What Are Image Descriptions?

Alt Tags vs. Image Descriptions: Key Differences

How Image Descriptions Support Both Accessibility and SEO

Tips

SEO Pitfalls That Undermine Accessibility

Here’s What to Avoid

A Better Approach

Why Accessibility Must Come First

Best Practices for Writing Accessible Image Descriptions

The Role of Content Creators, Developers, and Marketers

A Better Internet Starts with Better Habits

What Is an Overlay, Really?

The AI Smokescreen

The Real Risks of Relying on Overlays

What Real Accessibility Looks Like

Expert-Led Accessibility Works

Don’t Fall for AI Accessibility Platform

What Is WCAG Success Criterion 1.3.1?

How WCAG 1.3.1 Supports Individuals with Cognitive Disabilities

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Dyslexia

Best Practices to Implement WCAG 1.3.1

Use Proper HTML Markup

Make Labels and Associations Meaningful

Keep a Logical Reading Order

Allow Alternative Navigation Methods

Common Mistakes to Watch Out For

Depending on Style Instead of Structure

Overloading with Unstructured Content

Skipping Testing

Better Structure Means Better Accessibility

Why Accessibility Matters in Marketing

Grow Your Audience—Organically

Improve Your Brand’s Credibility

Get a Natural SEO Boost

Stay Compliant and Reduce Risk

Website Accessibility Tips

Make Your Content Easy to Navigate

Always Add Alt Text to Images

Use Clear Language and Short Sentences

Check Keyboard Navigation and Focus Indicators

Be Careful With Animated Content

Social Media Accessibility Best Practices

Alt Text Isn’t Just for Websites

Format Hashtags Clearly

Limit Emoji Usage

Multimedia Accessibility Strategies

Use Captions and Transcripts

Add Audio Descriptions

Making Accessibility a Habit

Make Accessibility Part of Your Workflow

Regularly Improve

Closing the Conversion Gap

The Good: Why Automated Accessibility Scans Are Helpful

The Bad: Limitations of Automated Scans

The Gaps: Bridging Automation with Human Insight

Conclusion: Finding the Right Balance

Why Does Coffee Shop Website Accessibility Matters?

Missing Alt Text for Images

Hard-to-Read Text and Poor Contrast

Unclear Headings and Structure

Unlabeled or Unclear Links and Buttons

Forms Without Proper Labels

Videos Without Captions or Transcripts

How to Get Started

A Warm Welcome, On and Offline

What Is Keyboard Accessibility?

Common Keyboard Accessibility Challenges

1. Designing Effective Focus Indicators

Why Focus Indicators Matter

Best Practices for Focus Indicators

Understanding the :focus-visible Pseudo-Class

2. Maintaining a Logical Navigation Order

Tips for Logical Navigation

3. Proper tabindex Implementation

What tabindex Does

Best Practices

Testing Your Website’s Keyboard Accessibility

Understanding the `:focus-visible` Pseudo-Class

3. Proper `tabindex` Implementation