Web Accessibility Archives - Page 11 of 12/Tag

ADA Compliance for Videos
If you’re a website owner, developer, or content creator, you might already be familiar with the importance of making your site accessible. You might have heard about adding alt text to images or ensuring that your site is navigable using just a keyboard. But what about videos?

Videos are a powerful way to communicate with your audience, but if they aren’t accessible, you could be missing out on a large portion of your audience and might even run into legal issues. In this article, we’re diving into ADA compliance for videos, why it’s important, and how to make sure your videos are accessible to everyone.

What is ADA Video Compliance?

ADA stands for the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was passed in 1990 to prevent discrimination against individuals with disabilities. While it originally focused on physical spaces like buildings, the ADA has evolved to include digital spaces, including websites and the content they host. When we talk about ADA compliance for videos, we’re referring to making sure that your videos can be accessed and understood by everyone, including people with disabilities.

ADA compliance for videos is closely related to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which provide a set of standards for making web content more accessible. The most recent version, WCAG 2.1, lays out specific guidelines for making videos accessible.

Why is ADA Video Compliance Important?

You might be wondering why ADA video compliance is so crucial. There are a few key reasons:
1. Inclusivity: Making your videos accessible ensures that everyone, regardless of ability, can engage with your content. This isn’t just the right thing to do, it also makes good business sense. When your content is accessible, you open up your site to a broader audience.
2. Legal Requirements: The ADA requires that digital content be accessible, and failure to comply can result in lawsuits. While the law may not specifically mention videos, courts have interpreted the ADA to include all web content, including multimedia such as videos.
3. Better User Experience: Accessible videos provide a better experience for all users. Features like captions can help people understand your content in noisy environments or when they’re not able to use sound.
4. Search Engine Optimization (SEO): Adding captions, transcripts, and other accessibility features can also help with SEO. Search engines can’t watch videos, but they can read captions and transcripts, which can help your content rank better in search results.
WCAG 2.1 Video Requirements

Understanding and following WCAG guidelines can help make sure your videos meet ADA requirements. The latest version, WCAG 2.1, sets clear rules for making videos accessible, which are important for legal reasons.

WCAG 2.1 details most video-related requirements in Section 1.2. This section focuses on providing alternatives for time-based media like audio and videos. Here are the key guidelines for video content for Level A and AA:
1. 1.2.1: For prerecorded videos with no audio, there must be an audio track that gives the same information.
2. 1.2.2: Captions should be included for all prerecorded audio in videos.
3. 1.2.3: Prerecorded videos should have audio descriptions.
4. 1.2.4: Live videos should include captions for all spoken content.
5. 1.2.5: All prerecorded videos must have audio descriptions.
Tips for Creating Accessible Videos

Provide Captions for Multimedia Content

Captions are text versions of the spoken part of a video or audio. They display the dialogue, sound effects, and other audio cues. For example, if a character in a video says, “I’m going to the store,” the caption will show this text on the screen. Captions are usually placed at the bottom of the video, so they don’t cover up important parts of the visuals.

SC 1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded) states that all prerecorded video and audio content must have captions. This helps people who can’t hear or who prefer to read understand what’s going on in the media.

Think About Your Audience When Writing Captions

Just adding captions to your videos isn’t enough. You need to ensure they’re accurate, easy to read, and truly helpful for viewers.

Here’s what your captions should do:
- Include All Dialogue and Key Sounds: Capture every word spoken in the video, and don’t forget important sounds and music—for instance, sound effects from sports events.
- Match the Audio and Video: Make sure captions sync up with what’s happening in the video. They shouldn’t lag behind someone speaking or an animation on screen.
- Be Readable: Use a font size that’s big enough for everyone to see comfortably.
- Cover All Your Videos: Add captions to every video you share, even on social media.
Watch Out for Automated Captions

When it comes to captions, it’s best to steer clear of automated tools. While AI has gotten a lot better, these automatic captions still make mistakes that can be annoying and distracting for viewers.

If you do use automated captions, make sure to check them thoroughly for errors. The ideal approach is to create your own captions and transcripts while you’re working on your video scripts.

Include Audio Descriptions

Audio descriptions are better than transcripts for people who are blind or visually impaired. Think of them like a podcast that explains what’s happening in a video. They provide information without requiring the viewer to see the screen.

Adding audio descriptions to your videos might feel a bit unusual at first, but it quickly becomes second nature. Audio descriptions are specifically created to help users with vision loss by describing the visual elements of a video. They include a voice track that fits into the pauses between dialogue and other audio; whenever you can, include audio descriptions in your videos.

Provide a Transcript

WCAG guidelines don’t require transcripts for pre-recorded videos with audio. However, if you publish videos without audio, you need to provide a detailed transcript to meet WCAG SC 1.2.1 (Audio-only and Video-only).

While captions alone can make videos accessible, providing transcripts is a good practice. Transcripts let people read at their own pace, which helps those using assistive technology, non-native speakers, and individuals with learning disabilities.

Make Sure Your Video Player Has Accessible Controls

Many people use keyboards to navigate the web without a mouse. Keyboard accessibility is an important part of making websites usable for everyone, but video players can sometimes create problems for keyboard users. These issues usually come from poor coding or JavaScript problems.

To check if your video player works well with a keyboard, open your website in a browser and use the Tab and Shift-Tab keys to move through the controls. As you test, ask yourself these questions:
- Can I use all the controls on the video player?
- Does the keyboard seem to get “stuck” on any control or part?
- Which part is currently selected by the keyboard?
Avoiding Flashing Content

Videos that flash or flicker can be problematic for people with photosensitive epilepsy. WCAG guidelines recommend avoiding content that flashes more than three times per second to prevent triggering seizures.

How to Install Videos on Your Website to Be Accessible

Now that you understand the importance of ADA video compliance and the relevant WCAG guidelines, let’s talk about how to install videos on your website to ensure they are accessible.

Choose an Accessible Video Player

The first step is to choose a video player that is designed with accessibility in mind. Many popular video players, like YouTube’s embedded player, already have features like keyboard accessibility and customizable captions. If you’re using a custom video player, make sure it meets WCAG guidelines by testing it with keyboard navigation and screen readers.

Add Captions to Your Videos

When you upload a video to your site, you’ll want to make sure it has captions. If you’re using a platform like YouTube, you can upload your own captions or use the platform’s automatic captioning feature, though it’s a good idea to review and edit these captions for accuracy. If you’re hosting videos yourself, there are many tools available for creating and syncing captions.

Provide Transcripts

After you’ve added captions, the next step is to create a transcript of the video. You can offer the transcript as a downloadable file or display it directly on the page below the video. Providing a transcript not only helps with accessibility but can also improve your site’s SEO.

Include Audio Descriptions

For videos with important visual content that isn’t described in the audio, consider creating a version of the video with audio descriptions. This can be as simple as adding a voiceover that describes key visual elements or creating a separate audio track that users can turn on if they need it.

Test Your Videos for Accessibility

Once you’ve added all the necessary accessibility features, it’s important to test your videos to ensure they are actually accessible. This means watching the video with captions and a screen reader, navigating the player with just a keyboard, and making sure the video content is clear and understandable, even without sound or visuals.

Use an Accessibility Checker

There are many tools available that can automatically check your site’s accessibility, including your videos. These tools can identify issues you have missed and suggest ways to fix them. Regularly running these checks can help you maintain ADA compliance as you add new content to your site.

Make Accessibility a Priority

Web accessibility isn’t just a legal requirement—it’s a way to make your content more inclusive and reach a wider audience. By focusing on ADA video compliance, you’re taking important steps to ensure that everyone, regardless of ability, can enjoy and engage with your content. Whether you’re a website owner, developer, or content creator, making your videos accessible should be a top priority.

Remember, accessibility is an ongoing process. As you continue to create and share video content, keep WCAG guidelines in mind, and make it a habit to review and update your accessibility features regularly. Not only will this help you avoid legal issues, but it will also help you create a more inclusive and welcoming online experience for all your users.

If you need help with video accessibility or legal compliance, we’re here to help. Schedule a briefing with 216digital today so that you can confidently take this next step into digital accessibility.
Greg McNeil

August 9, 2024

How-to Guides

Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Website Compliance, videos and audio content, Web Accessibility, web development, Website Accessibility
Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals
Ensuring your website is accessible to everyone, regardless of their abilities, is a legal obligation and a crucial aspect of good business practice. Digital accessibility is about creating an inclusive web experience, allowing everyone to navigate, interact, and engage with your online content without barriers. A vital component of this effort is accessibility testing, which identifies and helps rectify issues that could prevent users with disabilities from accessing your site. But with so many accessibility audits available, how do you choose the right one for your goals?

This post will explore different accessibility testing methods, their benefits, and how you can select the best approach to meet your needs.

What is Accessibility Testing?

Accessibility testing evaluates a website or digital product to ensure people of all abilities can use it. This includes users with visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive, or neurological disabilities. The goal is to identify any barriers that might prevent these users from fully interacting with your site, whether that’s difficulty reading text, navigating menus, or accessing multimedia content.

Accessibility testing typically involves checking against established guidelines, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which provide a comprehensive framework for creating accessible web content. Testing can be done using various methods, from automated tools to manual assessments by accessibility experts.

Why Your Website Needs Accessibility Testing

Web accessibility is not just a matter of ethics—it’s a legal requirement in many regions, including the United States, where the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates that websites be accessible to people with disabilities. Failing to meet these requirements can result in costly lawsuits, damage to your brand’s reputation, and loss of potential customers.

Beyond legal compliance, accessibility testing is essential for ensuring a positive user experience for all visitors. An accessible website can increase your audience reach, improve customer satisfaction, and boost your SEO efforts, as search engines like Google favor easy-to-navigate and understand sites.

Overview of Different Accessibility Testing Methods

Several methods of accessibility testing exist, each with strengths and limitations. Understanding these methods will help you choose the right approach for your goals.

Automated Testing

Automated accessibility testing uses software tools to scan your website for accessibility issues. These tools can quickly identify common problems, such as missing alt text, improper heading structures, or color contrast issues.

Pros: Automated testing is fast, cost-effective, and can cover large portions of your site in a short amount of time. It’s an excellent first step in identifying apparent issues.

Cons: While automated tools can catch many issues, they only cover 30-40% of accessibility guidelines. They can miss more subtle or complex problems that require human judgment.

Manual Testing

Manual testing involves human testers evaluating your website’s accessibility by simulating users’ experience with disabilities. This might include using screen readers, navigating with a keyboard, or testing for cognitive load.

Pros: Manual testing is thorough and can identify issues that automated tools miss, such as keyboard navigation problems, improper use of ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications), or issues with interactive elements like forms and buttons.

Cons: Manual testing is time-consuming and more expensive than automated testing. Expertise and experience are required to assess a site’s accessibility accurately.

Hybrid Testing

Hybrid testing combines automated and manual approaches to determine your site’s accessibility comprehensively. Automated tools are used to quickly identify issues, while manual testing addresses more complex problems.

Pros: Hybrid testing offers the best of both worlds—speed and thoroughness. It ensures that no stone is left unturned in your accessibility audit.

Cons: While more comprehensive, hybrid testing can be more costly and time-consuming than automated tools alone.

Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals

When selecting an accessibility audit, consider your specific goals, resources, and the complexity of your website. Here are a few scenarios to help guide your decision:
- Initial Compliance Check: If you’re new to accessibility and looking for a quick overview of your site’s compliance with basic guidelines, an automated audit might be a good starting point. This can help you identify low-hanging fruit that can be quickly addressed.
- Comprehensive Accessibility Review: For businesses that need a thorough assessment of their website’s accessibility, a hybrid audit combining both automated and manual testing is ideal. This approach will provide a complete picture of your site’s strengths and weaknesses.
- Ongoing Monitoring and Maintenance: If your goal is to maintain accessibility over time and avoid compliance issues, consider an ongoing monitoring service that regularly checks your site for new issues as content and technology change.
Overview of 216digital’s Accessibility Services

At 216digital, we understand that navigating the complexities of digital accessibility can be overwhelming. That’s why we offer a structured approach to accessibility audits through our Phase 1 Risk Mitigation and Phase 2 Real World Accessibility services.

Phase 1: Risk Mitigation Service

This initial phase focuses on identifying and addressing high-risk accessibility issues that could expose your business to legal action. Using automated tools and expert manual review, we prioritize the most critical issues that need immediate attention.

Phase 2: Real-World Accessibility Service

In Phase 2, we dive deeper into the user experience, focusing on real-world scenarios and how users interact with your site. This phase includes extensive manual testing to uncover complex issues and provides actionable recommendations for improving your site’s accessibility.

How Combining Automated and Manual Testing Enhances Accessibility

A combined approach to accessibility testing offers a more robust and reliable audit process. Automated tools quickly handle large-scale issues, but manual testing ensures your site meets the nuanced needs of all users. By integrating both methods, you can create a more accessible and user-friendly website, reducing the risk of missed issues and ensuring a more inclusive experience.

216digital’s a11y.Radar Service for Ongoing Monitoring

Maintaining accessibility is an ongoing process. 216digital’s a11y. Radar service continuously monitors your website, automatically scanning for new accessibility issues as they arise. This service helps ensure that your site complies with accessibility guidelines over time, catching potential problems before they become costly liabilities.

a11y.Radars Key Features include:
- Dynamic Dashboard Display
- Compliance Scans
- Detailed Issues Reports
- Issues Over Time
- Manual Testing Reports
- Email Alerts
- Current Web Compliance Status
How a11y.Radar Helps Prevent Frivolous ADA Lawsuits and Maintains Accessibility Compliance

One of the biggest concerns for businesses today is the threat of frivolous ADA lawsuits. These lawsuits can be costly and time-consuming, even if the claims are unfounded. 216digital’s a11y. Radar service acts as a safeguard, continuously monitoring your site for compliance and helping you address issues before they lead to legal action. By keeping your site up-to-date with accessibility standards, a11y.Radar protects you from lawsuits and ensures a better user experience for all visitors.

Conclusion

Choosing the proper accessibility audit is crucial for ensuring your website meets the needs of all users while staying compliant with legal requirements. Whether you’re just starting with accessibility or looking for a comprehensive review, understanding the different testing methods and services available will help you make an informed decision.

At 216digital, we can help develop a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap on your terms. To learn more about how our experts can help you confidently create and maintain an accessible website that meets both your business goals and the needs of your users, schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing today.
Greg McNeil

August 8, 2024

Testing & Remediation

Accessibility Audit, Accessibility testing, digital accessibility, Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility Solution, Website Accessibility Tools
Navigating International Accessibility Laws
In today’s digital age, having an online presence is crucial for businesses of all sizes. But with the global reach of the internet comes a maze of regulations and standards, especially when it comes to web accessibility. If you’re a website owner or content creator in the United States, you might wonder how international accessibility laws affect your business. This article will walk you through the basics of these laws, help you understand which ones apply to your online business, and explain why staying compliant is not just about following the rules but also about expanding your audience and boosting your brand’s reputation.

What Are the Different International Accessibility Laws?

When it comes to accessibility laws, different countries have their own rules and guidelines to ensure that websites are accessible to everyone, including people with disabilities. Let’s take a look at some of the key international laws and what they cover:

The European Accessibility Act (EAA)

The EAA is a significant law in the European Union that came into effect in 2019. It aims to make products and services more accessible to people with disabilities. For online businesses, this means ensuring that websites, apps, and e-commerce platforms are usable by everyone. The EAA covers a broad range of industries, from banking services to e-books and online shopping. If your business operates or sells products in the EU, compliance with the EAA is a must.

The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)

In Canada, the AODA sets out guidelines to make Ontario more accessible by 2025. It applies to both public and private sectors, requiring businesses to ensure their websites are accessible to people with disabilities. This includes providing text alternatives for images, ensuring that website navigation is straightforward, and making online forms accessible. If your online business targets customers in Ontario, following AODA guidelines is essential.

The UK Equality Act 2010

The UK Equality Act is a comprehensive piece of legislation that protects people from discrimination in the workplace and wider society. For online businesses, this means ensuring that websites are accessible to everyone, regardless of their abilities. The law covers all aspects of web accessibility, including content readability, keyboard navigation, and screen reader compatibility. If your business has customers in the UK, the Equality Act’s requirements apply to you.

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

While not a law, WCAG is a set of guidelines developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that is widely used as the global standard for web accessibility. Many international laws, including those mentioned above, reference WCAG as the benchmark for accessibility. WCAG provides a clear roadmap for making web content more accessible, covering everything from text alternatives to visual content, to ensuring that your website works well with assistive technologies.

What International Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

Understanding which international accessibility laws apply to your online business can feel overwhelming, especially if you’re targeting customers from different parts of the world. Here’s a simple way to figure it out:
- Identify Your Audience: Start by identifying where your customers are located. If you have a global audience, it’s important to consider the accessibility laws in each region. For example, if you sell products in the EU, the EAA will apply to your business.
- Assess Your Operations: If your business operates in multiple countries, you’ll need to comply with the accessibility laws in each of those regions. This might include following the EAA for the EU, AODA for Ontario, and the UK Equality Act for the UK. If your business is based solely in the United States but reaches customers globally, you should still be mindful of these laws to avoid potential legal issues.
- Check the Legal Requirements: Different countries have different thresholds for when their laws apply to foreign businesses. For instance, if your business has a significant presence in the EU, you are required to comply with the EAA. Similarly, if you provide goods or services in Ontario, Canada, the AODA will apply.
Do These Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

The big question for many website owners and content creators is whether these international laws actually apply to their online business. The answer depends on a few factors:
- Business Location: If your business is based in a country with specific accessibility laws (like the EU or Canada), you’re automatically required to comply with those laws.
- Global Reach: Even if your business is based in the United States, you might still be subject to international accessibility laws if you sell products or services to customers in other countries. For example, if you ship products to the UK or have a website that targets European customers, you need to comply with the relevant accessibility laws.
- Legal Consequences: Non-compliance with international accessibility laws can lead to fines, legal action, and damage to your brand’s reputation. Even if you’re not legally required to follow these laws, doing so voluntarily can help you avoid these risks and demonstrate that you value inclusivity.
The Importance of Web Compliance and Accessibility

Web compliance and web accessibility aren’t just about avoiding legal trouble—they’re also about doing the right thing and expanding your reach. By making your website accessible, you’re ensuring that everyone, including people with disabilities, can access your content and services. This can lead to increased customer satisfaction, a larger audience, and a stronger brand reputation.

At 216digital, we understand the complexities of navigating international accessibility laws. Our web remediation services are designed to help your business stay compliant and accessible, no matter where your customers are located. From initial audits to ongoing support, we offer a comprehensive approach to web compliance that ensures your website meets the latest standards and guidelines.

Whether you’re just starting to explore international accessibility laws or need help bringing your website up to code, 216digital is here to guide you through the process. Our team of experts stays up-to-date with the latest regulations and guidelines, ensuring that your website is not only compliant but also user-friendly for everyone.

Conclusion

Navigating international accessibility laws might seem daunting, but with the right approach, it can be manageable and even beneficial for your business. By understanding the different laws, knowing which ones apply to your online business, and taking steps to ensure compliance, you can avoid legal pitfalls, expand your audience, and enhance your brand’s reputation.

If you’re ready to take the next step in making your website accessible and compliant with international laws, 216digital is here to help. Our web remediation services are tailored to your business needs, ensuring that you meet the necessary standards while creating an inclusive online experience for all users. Don’t wait—let’s work together to make your website accessible to everyone, everywhere.
Contact us today to schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing so that you can confidently take this next step into digital accessibility.
Greg McNeil

August 7, 2024

Legal Compliance

accessibility laws, ADA Compliance, digital accessibility, International Accessibility Laws, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
Insights from WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10
In today’s digital age, ensuring that your website is accessible to everyone is more important than ever. WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10 offers valuable insights into how people with disabilities use screen readers, which can help you make your website more accessible. If you’re an IT director, company owner, or anyone involved in managing a website, understanding these takeaways can help you improve your site’s digital accessibility and ensure it meets standards like Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).

Targeted Demographic: Who Uses Screen Readers?

The WebAIM Screen Reader Survey #10 highlights a diverse group of people who use screen readers. These users come from various backgrounds and have different needs, but they all rely on screen readers to access content online. Knowing your audience is vital to making your website accessible. Here is a breakdown of who these users are:
1. People with Visual Impairments: This is the largest group of screen reader users, with 76.6% of respondents being visually impaired. They might have complete blindness or low vision that prevents them from reading text on a screen. Screen readers convert text into spoken words for these individuals, allowing them to navigate and understand web content.
2. People with Learning Disabilities: Some users with learning disabilities find screen readers helpful. They might have difficulty processing written text or need assistance with comprehension. Screen readers can help by reading text aloud and breaking it down into more manageable parts.
3. Older Adults: As people age, they may experience vision loss or other difficulties that make screen reading challenging. Older adults may use screen readers to compensate for reduced vision or cognitive changes that affect their ability to interact with digital content.
4. People with Physical Disabilities: Some users with physical disabilities that affect their ability to use a mouse or keyboard may rely on screen readers to navigate websites. They might use adaptive technology to interact with their devices, making screen readers an essential tool for accessing web content.
Targeted Age: Understanding the Age Range

The survey also reveals insights into the age range of screen reader users. While screen readers are crucial for users of all ages, certain age groups use them more frequently:
1. Younger Users: Younger users with disabilities are increasingly tech-savvy and may use screen readers alongside other assistive technologies. They often expect modern websites to be accessible and are quick to notice when accessibility features are lacking.
2. Middle-Aged Users: This group may include people who have acquired disabilities later in life or who are managing long-term conditions. They often need screen readers to access work-related or personal online content.
3. Older Adults: As mentioned earlier, older adults may use screen readers due to age-related vision loss or other issues. This demographic is growing, making it essential for websites to cater to their needs.
Understanding the age range of screen reader users can help you design your website in a way that accommodates different life stages and technological preferences.

Disabilities and Disability Types: Types of Disabilities Addressed

Screen readers are used by individuals with a range of disabilities. Let’s take a closer look at the types of disabilities that screen readers help address:
1. Visual Impairments: This includes both complete blindness and low vision. Screen readers convert on-screen text into speech, making content accessible to users who cannot see it. For users with low vision, screen readers can be combined with other assistive technologies, such as screen magnifiers.
2. Cognitive Disabilities: Users with cognitive disabilities might struggle with memory, attention, or processing information. Screen readers can assist by reading text aloud, which can make it easier for these users to understand and retain information.
3. Motor Disabilities: Individuals with motor disabilities might have difficulty using a keyboard or mouse. Screen readers can help by allowing users to navigate websites using voice commands or other adaptive technologies.
4. Hearing Impairments: While screen readers are primarily used by people with visual impairments, some individuals with hearing impairments might also use them. For example, screen readers can be used in conjunction with other assistive technologies to provide a complete experience for users with multiple disabilities.
The Importance of Digital Accessibility

Understanding these demographics and disability types underscores the importance of digital accessibility. Web accessibility ensures that your website can be used by everyone, regardless of their abilities. This is not just about compliance with standards like WCAG; it is about creating an inclusive digital environment.

This is why digital accessibility should be a priority for your business:
1. Legal Compliance: Many countries, including the United States, have laws that require websites to be accessible. Failing to meet these requirements can result in legal action, which can be costly and damaging to your reputation.
2. Broader Audience: By making your website accessible, you open it up to a wider audience. This includes not only people with disabilities but also those who use assistive technologies or have temporary impairments.
3. Better User Experience: Accessible websites often provide a better overall user experience. Features that help screen reader users can also benefit other users, such as more straightforward navigation and more readable content.
4. Enhanced Brand Image: Companies that prioritize accessibility are seen as more inclusive and socially responsible. This can improve your brand’s image and help build a positive reputation.
Making Your Website Accessible

To ensure your website meets digital accessibility standards, follow these best practices:
1. Adhere to WCAG Guidelines: WCAG is the gold standard for web accessibility. They provide specific recommendations for making web content more accessible. Familiarize yourself with these guidelines and implement them on your site.
2. Test with Screen Readers: Regularly test your website with screen readers to identify any accessibility issues. This can help you ensure that your content is being read correctly and that users can navigate your site effectively.
3. Seek Feedback: Get feedback from actual screen reader users. Their insights can be invaluable in identifying and addressing accessibility issues that you might not have considered.
4. Stay Updated: Digital accessibility is an evolving field. Keep up with the latest trends and updates to ensure your website remains compliant and accessible.
Wrapping Up

WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10 provides crucial insights into who uses screen readers and how they interact with web content. By understanding the demographics, age ranges, and disability types of screen reader users, you can make informed decisions about improving your website’s digital accessibility. Adhering to WCAG guidelines and incorporating accessibility best practices will not only help you comply with legal requirements but also enhance the user experience for everyone.

For IT directors and company owners, prioritizing web accessibility is a smart move that benefits both your users and your business. By taking these insights to heart, you can create a more inclusive and effective online presence.

If you’d like to talk further about your web accessibility initiative, Schedule a Complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing with the experts at 216digital. We will help you take the steps towards web accessibility on your terms by developing a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap.
Greg McNeil

August 6, 2024

WCAG Compliance

digital accessibility, screen readers, Web Accessibility, WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey, WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10, Website Accessibility
Why Screen Overlays Can Harm Your Website and Business

In today’s digital world, having a website that’s accessible to everyone is not just a nice-to-have; it’s essential. As a business owner, you want to ensure your website is user-friendly for all potential customers. However, when it comes to web accessibility, there’s a common misconception that screen overlays are a quick fix. Unfortunately, these overlays can create more problems than they solve. In this article, we’ll explore why screen overlays can actually hinder users with visual impairments and how they can put your business at risk for an ADA lawsuit.

What Are Screen Overlays?

Screen overlays are tools that can be added to a website to provide accessibility features. These overlays are designed to make a website more usable for people with disabilities by adding features like text-to-speech, color contrast adjustments, and font size changes. While the intention behind these tools is good, their effectiveness and actual impact are often questionable.

Why Screen Overlays Can Be Problematic

1. They Can Create More Barriers

Screen overlays might seem like a helpful solution, but they often end up complicating things. For individuals who rely on assistive technologies such as screen readers, overlays can interfere with how these tools work. Screen readers, for instance, may not interact well with overlays, making it harder for users to navigate the site. Instead of enhancing accessibility, overlays might add another layer of complexity that can make it more difficult for disabled users to access the information they need.

2. They Can Conflict with Existing Accessibility Features

Many websites already incorporate accessibility features that follow the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). These features are carefully designed to work together to provide a seamless experience for all users. When you add a screen overlay, it can conflict with these existing features, creating inconsistencies that can confuse users. This is especially problematic for people who rely on keyboard navigation or voice commands.

3. They May Not Address the Root Issues

Screen overlays often tackle symptoms rather than the root causes of accessibility issues. For example, if your website has poor color contrast or inaccessible navigation, an overlay might offer temporary solutions like color adjustments. However, these adjustments might not fully resolve the underlying problems, leaving users with disabilities facing ongoing challenges. The real solution lies in making the website itself more accessible through proper design and development practices.

Impact on Your Business: ADA Lawsuits and Legal Risks

Increased Risk of ADA Lawsuits

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires businesses to make their websites accessible to people with disabilities. If a website is not accessible, it can be subject to legal action. There has been a significant increase in ADA lawsuits targeting websites. Many of these lawsuits are filed because businesses use screen overlays that fail to genuinely improve accessibility.

Websites relying on screen overlays are often scrutinized in legal cases. Courts and advocacy groups are increasingly aware that these overlays do not always meet ADA requirements. As a result, businesses using screen overlays could find themselves in legal trouble, facing expensive lawsuits and the potential need for significant site redesigns.

Reputational Damage

Beyond legal risks, using screen overlays can damage your brand’s reputation. Customers who encounter accessibility issues on your website may feel excluded or undervalued, which can hurt your business’s image. In the digital age, word spreads quickly, and negative experiences can lead to unfavorable reviews and a tarnished reputation. Investing in true accessibility improvements not only helps you avoid legal trouble but also shows that you care about all of your customers.

Lessons from Recent News

A recent New York Times article, For Blind Internet Users, the Fix Can Be Worse Than the Flaws, highlights the growing concern around the effectiveness of AI-based accessibility tools, including screen overlays. The article reveals that while these tools are marketed as solutions, they often fall short of providing real accessibility improvements. The focus has shifted towards creating genuinely accessible websites from the ground up rather than relying on add-ons that may not address the fundamental issues.

The article underscores a key point: businesses should focus on building websites that are inherently accessible, rather than relying on tools that might offer only partial solutions. This approach aligns better with ADA compliance and ensures that your website meets the needs of all users.

Best Practices for True Web Accessibility

1. Follow Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

The best way to ensure your website is accessible is to follow WCAG. These guidelines provide a comprehensive framework for making web content accessible to people with disabilities. They cover areas such as text alternatives for images, keyboard accessibility, and clear navigation. By adhering to these guidelines, you create a website that is genuinely accessible to all users.

2. Conduct Regular Accessibility Audits

Regular accessibility audits can help identify and address potential issues before they become major problems. These audits involve evaluating your website’s design and functionality to ensure it meets accessibility standards. Professional audits can provide valuable insights and recommendations for improvements, and working with accessibility specialists like 216digital can give insight on the ADA requirements to avoid potential legal issues.

3. Invest in Inclusive Design from the Start

Incorporating accessibility into your website’s design from the beginning is the most effective approach. This involves considering the needs of users with disabilities during the design and development phases. By prioritizing accessibility from the start, you create a more inclusive experience for all users and reduce the risk of legal challenges.

Stay Web Accessible with 216digital

Screen overlays might seem like a convenient solution for improving web accessibility, but they often fall short of providing meaningful benefits. Instead, they can create additional barriers for users with disabilities and increase your risk of facing an ADA lawsuit. To ensure your website is genuinely accessible, focus on following established guidelines, conducting regular audits, and investing in inclusive design from the start.

By taking these steps, you will demonstrate your commitment to providing an inclusive and user-friendly experience for all visitors. In the long run, this approach will help you avoid legal troubles, protect your reputation, and create a better online environment for everyone.

Ready to get started? At 216digital, our expert team can assist you in developing a strategy to make this journey of WCAG 2.1 compliance as smooth as possible. Contact us today to schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing so that you can confidently take this next step into digital accessibility.

Greg McNeil

August 5, 2024

Legal Compliance

ADA non-compliance, Overlay, Overlay widgets, screen overlays, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
Why Web Accessible Fonts Matter for Your Website
Design, page layout, and navigation all play a big role in making a website accessible. But the smaller details—like font—are just as important. Designing accessible content isn’t just about picking an easy-to-read font. Even with accessible fonts, people with low vision, cognitive, language, and learning disabilities might still have trouble reading due to factors like font spacing, size, and contrast —to name a few.

Let’s go over what makes a font accessible and how you can choose the right one for your website.

WCAG and Accessible Fonts

Websites are considered ADA-compliant when they follow the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). These guidelines make web content more accessible for people with disabilities. Fonts play a big role in this—they need to be clear, readable, and usable by everyone, including those with visual impairments or cognitive disabilities.

WCAG includes many sections that focus on content visibility and design, helping website owners and designers pick fonts that are accessible. Here are the key WCAG sections that relate to fonts:
- Presenting Web Content in Different Ways: Fonts should be easy to read when resized or presented with different styles or spacing.
- Making Web Content Easy to See or Hear: Consider a font’s family, size, spacing, and color to make sure the content is easy to see.
We’ll dive deeper into these principles and explain how they relate to specific font styles and families.

The Importance of Using Accessible Fonts

Using accessible fonts on your website is really important for people with disabilities, making sure they can easily read your content. But it’s not just for them—everyone benefits from easy-to-read fonts. Many people skim through text rather than reading every word, especially if they’re distracted, stressed, or juggling multiple tasks. That’s why a clear, easy-to-read font can be a big help.

Plus, accessible fonts can actually boost your site’s search engine ranking. How readable your text is plays a big role in how search engines like Google rank your website. Sites that are easy to read often get a higher ranking.

For more details on how accessibility and SEO go hand in hand, check out our guide on SEO and web accessibility.

So, What Makes a Font Accessible?

Choosing the right font isn’t one-size-fits-all, but some key things like size and color really do matter. Here are a few WCAG guidelines to help you pick fonts that meet ADA requirements.

Spacing

Spacing is a big deal when it comes to making sure your website is accessible. Good spacing helps keep your letters, words, and lines clear and easy to read without overlapping.

According to WCAG’s Success Criterion 1.4.12, you should also think about how text can be adjusted. Some people with disabilities or those using assistive technology might need to change text size or spacing to make reading easier. For instance, individuals with dyslexia might find that increased spacing between letters and lines helps them read better. It’s important that when users adjust text in their browsers, the words don’t disappear or overlap.

Use Sufficient Text Spacing

To make text readable, here’s what you should keep in mind for spacing:
- Line Height: Make it at least 1.5 times the font size.
- Paragraph Spacing: Set it to at least 2 times the font size.
- Letter Spacing: Add at least 0.12 times the font size.
- Word Spacing: Ensure it’s at least 0.16 times the font size.
To figure out the best spacing for your font, use the Google Fonts Type Tester. It’s a handy tool that helps you see how different fonts look with various spacings so you can pick what works best for your project.

Color Contrast

You might think that black text on a white background is easy to read, but it’s not always that simple. Just like text with too little contrast can blend into the background, text with too much contrast can strain your eyes and cause visual fatigue.

For instance, compare these two color combos:
- Light gray text on a white background (low contrast, hard to read).
- Black text on a white background (high contrast, easy to read).
Whenever possible, go for the second option to make your text easier to read.

WCAG offers tips on making your text readable for everyone, including those with vision impairments. They recommend using a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 for regular text and 3:1 for larger text. If you want to meet WCAG 2.1 Level AAA, which is the highest level of accessibility, you’ll need a contrast ratio of 7:1 between your text and background.

And remember, don’t rely on color alone to convey important information—always use other ways to ensure your content is accessible to everyone.

Size

WCAG does not have a specific minimum font size, but they do suggest that your text should be resizable up to 200% without losing content or functionality. This means your text should still be readable, and your layout should still work when someone zooms in. For instance, if your website text is 16px, users should be able to resize it to 32px without breaking the page layout.

This is especially important for people with visual impairments who may need to enlarge text to read it comfortably.

Text with Graphics

Some web designers use text within images instead of regular text blocks, but this can be a problem for accessibility. Regular text can be easily adjusted in size, spacing, and color to keep it readable. On the other hand, text in images doesn’t adapt well. It can get pixelated and hard to read when you zoom in, which is a big issue for people with visual disabilities.

According to WCAG 1.4.5, you should be using text instead of images of text whenever possible. For example, instead of putting text on a banner image, create a text element directly on your website. This way, screen readers can read the text, and users can adjust its size as needed.

How to Choose an Accessible Font Family

If you want to make your text easier to read, here are some tips to help with accessibility:
- Pick Simple and Clear Fonts: Use fonts that are easy to read and familiar. Steer clear of fancy scripts or handwriting styles.
- Avoid Confusing Characters: Choose fonts where letters and numbers are distinct. You don’t want “O” and “0” or “l” and “I” to look too similar.
- Limit Font Variations: Stick to one, two, or at most three different fonts. Too many variations can be overwhelming.
- Consider Spacing: Make sure there’s plenty of space around your text. Avoid making text too close together or overlapping.
- Check Color Contrast: Use tools like the WCAG Contrast Checker to verify that your text color stands out well against the background. Good contrast helps make reading easier.
- Avoid Tiny Text and Crowded Blocks: Don’t use very small font sizes or cram too much text into one space. It can be hard to read if the text is too small or packed too closely.
Examples of Accessible Fonts

Choosing the right font for your website and other digital projects can make a big difference. While there are many unique fonts out there, the most familiar ones are popular for good reasons. They are often the easiest to read and recognize.

Here are a few fonts known for their accessibility:
- Arial: This font is easy to read because it has wide letter spacing, clear distinctions between similar letters, and a high x-height (the height of lowercase letters). Arial works well with assistive technologies and screen magnifiers.
- Verdana: Like Arial, Verdana is designed for readability. It has a large x-height, bold outlines, and wide spacing between characters, making it clear and accessible for both people and assistive tech.
- Helvetica: Known for its bold outlines and generous character spacing, Helvetica is another great choice for accessibility. Its design helps people with visual impairments read more easily and is compatible with various assistive technologies.
- Times New Roman: This classic font is widely used because of its simple and clear design. It’s easy to read and understand, making it a reliable choice for many types of content.
- Tahoma: Tahoma is similar to Times New Roman but with a modern twist. Its clean design and good character spacing make it quick and easy to read.
Remember, there’s no one-size-fits-all answer when it comes to the most accessible font. It’s important to consider the specific needs of your audience when choosing a font.

Key Takeaways

Whether you’re designing infographics, videos, slideshows, or blog posts, choosing an accessible font is a simple yet powerful way to make your content more accessible. By following WCAG guidelines and selecting fonts that prioritize readability and legibility, you can create a more inclusive and user-friendly experience for all visitors. Remember, accessibility benefits everyone, and taking these steps can make a significant difference.

So, next time you’re designing a website or creating digital content, keep these tips in mind. Your audience will thank you, and you’ll be contributing to a more accessible and inclusive web.

Happy designing!
Greg McNeil

August 1, 2024

How-to Guides

Accessible Design, accessible fonts, Fonts, Web Accessibility, Web Accessible Design, Website Accessibility
Screen Readers 101: Making Your Site Accessible
In today’s digital age, making your website accessible to everyone is more important than ever. One critical aspect of digital accessibility is ensuring that your site is compatible with screen readers. But what exactly are screen readers, and why is it so important to make sure your website works well with them? In this blog post, we’ll dive into what screen readers are, who uses them, how they browse the Internet, and how you can test your website to ensure it’s screen reader-friendly.

What are Screen Readers and Who Uses Them?

Let’s start with the basics. A screen reader is a piece of software that reads aloud the text displayed on a computer or mobile device screen. It’s a vital tool for people who are blind or have severe visual impairments. However, screen readers are also used by individuals with other disabilities, such as those with learning disabilities or certain cognitive impairments, who may find it easier to listen to content rather than read it.

So, who exactly uses screen readers? The answer is billions of people around the world. In the United States alone, there are an estimated 12 million people over 40 with a visual disability. For these individuals, screen readers are essential for accessing the Internet, working, and communicating. Without screen readers, many websites would be entirely inaccessible to them.

How Do Screen Reader Users Browse the Internet?

Browsing the Internet with a screen reader is a completely different experience than browsing with sight. For starters, screen reader users don’t navigate web pages visually—they rely on audio cues and keyboard commands to get around.

Here’s a simplified version of how it works:
1. Screen Reader Starts Reading: When a screen reader user opens a webpage, the screen reader begins reading the content from top to bottom. It reads out the text, describes images (if alt text is provided), and announces the presence of links, buttons, and other interactive elements.
2. Keyboard Navigation: Instead of using a mouse, screen reader users navigate through the website using keyboard commands. They might use the Tab key to move between links, headings, and form fields, or shortcuts to jump to specific sections of the page, such as the main content or a list of links.
3. Listening for Context: Screen reader users often listen to the content at a much faster speed than normal. They also rely heavily on headings, landmarks, and other structural elements to understand the layout and flow of the page. For example, a user might jump from heading to heading to quickly scan the page and find the information they need.
4. Interacting with Elements: When a user encounters a form field, button, or link, the screen reader announces what it is and sometimes gives instructions on how to interact with it. For example, if there’s a “Submit” button, the screen reader might say, “Button: Submit. Press Enter to activate.”
For screen reader users, a well-structured, accessible website is key to having a smooth and efficient browsing experience. But if a website is not properly optimized for screen readers, it can become frustrating, confusing, or even impossible to use.

Why is Screen Reader Testing Important?

Now that you have a basic understanding of what screen readers are and how they’re used, let’s talk about why testing your website for screen reader compatibility is so important.

Ensuring Digital Accessibility

First and foremost, screen reader testing is crucial for ensuring digital accessibility. As a website owner, developer, or content creator, it’s your responsibility to make sure that your website is accessible to everyone, including people with disabilities. Screen reader testing helps you identify and fix issues that could prevent people who rely on these tools from accessing your content.

Complying with Legal Requirements

In the United States, websites are required by law to be accessible to people with disabilities. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Title II and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act are two key laws that apply to web accessibility. If your website is not accessible, you could be at risk of legal action, which could result in costly fines and damage to your reputation. By performing screen reader testing, you can ensure that your website complies with these laws.

Improving User Experience

Accessibility isn’t just about legal compliance—it’s also about providing a better user experience for everyone. When your website is accessible to screen reader users, it’s also likely to be more user-friendly for other visitors. For example, clear headings, logical page structure, and well-labeled buttons benefit all users, not just those with disabilities.

Reaching a Wider Audience

By making your website accessible to screen reader users, you’re opening it up to a wider audience. This can lead to more traffic, better SEO, and ultimately, more success for your business. Accessibility should be seen as an investment in your website’s future, not just a legal obligation.

What Are the Different Approaches to Accessibility Testing?

There are several different approaches to accessibility testing, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. To ensure that your website is fully accessible, it’s important to use a combination of these methods.

Automated Testing

Automated testing tools can scan your website for common accessibility issues, such as missing alt text, insufficient color contrast, and incorrect HTML structure. These tools are fast and can cover a lot of ground in a short amount of time. However, they can’t catch every issue—especially those related to screen reader compatibility.

Some popular automated accessibility testing tools include:
- WAVE: A web accessibility evaluation tool that highlights accessibility issues directly on your webpage.
- Lighthouse: A tool built into Chrome that can audit your website for performance, SEO, and accessibility issues.
While automated testing is a great starting point, it should never be the only method you use. Automated testing covers only 30-40% of accessibility guidelines and can miss more subtle or complex problems that require human judgment.

Manual Testing

Manual testing involves a human tester navigating your website and checking for accessibility issues. This approach is essential for catching issues that automated tools might miss, such as how well your website works with a screen reader. Manual testing can be more time-consuming and requires a deeper understanding of web accessibility, but it provides a more accurate picture of your website’s accessibility.

During manual testing, you should:
- Check Keyboard Navigation: Ensure that all interactive elements, such as links, buttons, and form fields, can be accessed and activated using only the keyboard.
- Test with a Screen Reader: Use a screen reader to navigate your website and listen to how the content is announced. Pay attention to whether the screen reader correctly identifies headings, lists, buttons, and other elements.
User Testing

User testing involves real users with disabilities testing your website and providing feedback on their experience. This is the most effective way to identify and fix accessibility issues, as it provides insight into how your website works in the real world.

To conduct user testing:
- Recruit Testers: Find users who rely on screen readers and other assistive technologies to test your website. You can reach out to local organizations, online communities, or professional networks to find willing participants.
- Observe and Take Notes: Watch how the testers interact with your website and take note of any issues they encounter. Pay attention to their feedback and use it to make improvements.
- Iterate and Improve: After making changes based on user feedback, test again to ensure that the issues have been resolved.
User testing can be more expensive and time-consuming than other methods, but it provides the most valuable insights.

Not sure what form of accessibility testing is right for you? Check out our article, Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals, for more information.

How to Perform Screen Reader Testing

Screen reader testing is a crucial part of manual and user testing. Here’s a step-by-step guide to performing screen reader testing on your website.

Choose Your Screen Readers

There are several different screen readers available, each with its own unique features and quirks. The most commonly used screen readers in the United States are:
- NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access): A free and open-source screen reader for Windows.
- JAWS (Job Access With Speech): A popular screen reader for Windows, often used in workplaces.
- VoiceOver: The built-in screen reader for MacOS and iOS devices.
- TalkBack: The built-in screen reader for Android devices.
To ensure that your website is accessible to the widest audience possible, it’s important to test with more than one screen reader.

Familiarize Yourself with Screen Reader Commands

Screen readers are controlled through a series of keyboard commands. Before you start testing, take some time to familiarize yourself with the basic commands for the screen reader you’re using. Most screen readers have a “practice mode” where you can learn and try out different commands.

For example, in NVDA, you can press Ctrl + Alt + N to start the screen reader, use the Tab key to move through links and buttons, and press H to jump between headings.

Navigate Your Website

Start by opening your website with the screen reader turned on. Listen to how the screen reader announces the content, and use keyboard commands to navigate through the site. Pay attention to the following:
- Headings: Are they announced correctly? Do they provide a clear structure for the page?
- Links and Buttons: Are they labeled correctly? Do they make sense out of context?
- Forms: Are the form fields and labels announced clearly? Is it easy to fill out the form using only the keyboard?
Identify and Fix Issues

As you navigate your website, take note of any issues you encounter. For example, if the screen reader doesn’t announce a button’s label, it may be missing an aria-label attribute. If a heading is skipped, it might be due to incorrect HTML markup.

Once you’ve identified the issues, go back and fix them in your website’s code. Then, test again to ensure that the problem has been resolved.

Test on Different Devices

Screen reader behavior can vary depending on the device and browser being used. After testing on your primary device, try testing on different devices and browsers to ensure a consistent experience for all users.

Conclusion

In today’s world, making your website accessible to everyone isn’t just a nice-to-have—it’s a must-do. Ensuring your site works smoothly with screen readers is a big part of that. By taking the time to test and optimize your website for screen readers, you’re not only complying with legal requirements but also creating a better experience for all users. Plus, you’re opening the doors to a wider audience, which is always good for business.

If you’re ready to take the next step in making your website truly accessible, why not schedule a complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing with 216digital? We’re here to help you navigate the ins and outs of digital accessibility and ensure your site is welcoming to everyone. Let’s make the web a better place, one website at a time.
Greg McNeil

July 31, 2024

WCAG Compliance

assistive technology, digital accessibility, screen readers, Web Accessibility, web development, Website Accessibility
Unlocking the Power of Web Accessibility: Boost Your ROI
Hey there, website owners and content creators! Let’s talk about something that’s important for your website but often gets overlooked: web accessibility. You might wonder why you should care about it or what’s in it for you. Well, we’re here to tell you that making your website accessible is not just a nice thing to do—it’s also a smart business move with great return on investment (ROI).

The Benefits of Web Accessibility

First things first, what is web accessibility? Simply put, it means making your website usable for everyone, including people with disabilities. This can involve adding captions to videos for the hearing impaired, ensuring your site can be navigated with a keyboard for those who can’t use a mouse, and much more.

Here are some fantastic benefits of web accessibility:
1. Reach a Larger Audience: Around 16% of the world’s population has some form of disability. In the United States, that’s millions of potential visitors. By making your website accessible, you open the door to a whole new audience.
2. Improved SEO: Search engines love accessible websites. Features that make your site easier for people to use, like alt text for images and clear headings, also help search engines understand and rank your content better.
3. Better User Experience: An accessible website is easier for everyone to use, not just people with disabilities. Clear navigation, readable text, and fast load times make for a smoother, more enjoyable experience.
4. Legal Compliance: In the US, there are laws and regulations like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) that require websites to be accessible. Avoiding legal trouble is always a good idea!
5. Positive Brand Image: Showing that you care about all your users can boost your brand’s reputation. People appreciate companies that are inclusive and socially responsible.
Calculating Your ROI on Web Accessibility

So, how do you figure out if investing in web accessibility is worth it? Let’s break it down:
1. Determine Your Costs: Start by figuring out how much you’ll spend on making your website accessible. This can include hiring an accessibility expert, buying software tools, and training your team. Let’s say you spend $10,000 on these improvements.
2. Estimate Your Returns: Next, think about the benefits you’ll gain. These might include increased traffic from people with disabilities, better SEO rankings leading to more organic traffic, and avoiding legal fines. If these changes bring in an additional $20,000 in revenue, your return is $20,000.
3. Calculate Your ROI: The formula for ROI is (Returns – Costs) / Costs * 100. In our example, it’s ($20,000 – $10,000) / $10,000 * 100, which equals 100%. That’s a 100% return on your investment!
Remember, these numbers are just examples. Your actual costs and returns will vary, but the key idea is that investing in web accessibility can bring in more money than you spend.

Being Proactive Pays Off

Now, let’s talk about why being proactive with web accessibility offers an incredible ROI.
1. Stay Ahead of the Curve: Many businesses wait until they face a legal challenge or public backlash to make their websites accessible. By being proactive, you can avoid these issues and stay ahead of your competition.
2. Long-Term Savings: Fixing accessibility issues early is often cheaper than doing a major overhaul later. Think of it like maintaining your car. Regular maintenance is less costly than a major repair down the road.
3. Continuous Improvement: When you make accessibility a priority, you’re always improving your site. This keeps it up-to-date and user-friendly, which means visitors are more likely to stick around and come back.
4. Enhanced Customer Loyalty: When users know they can rely on your website to be accessible, they’re more likely to become repeat visitors and loyal customers. This can lead to increased sales and a stronger, more loyal customer base.
Steps to Get Started with Web Accessibility

Feeling convinced? Great! Here are some steps to help you get started:
1. Conduct an Accessibility Audit: Start by checking how accessible your current website is. There are tools and experts who can help with this.
2. Set Clear Goals: Decide what you want to achieve with your accessibility improvements. This could be a certain level of compliance, better user experience, or higher SEO rankings.
3. Make a Plan: Outline the steps you need to take to reach your goals. This might include updating your website’s code, adding accessibility features, and training your team.
4. Implement Changes: Start making the necessary changes. It’s okay to start small and make improvements gradually.
5. Test and Iterate: Regularly test your website to ensure it remains accessible. Make adjustments as needed to keep up with new standards and technologies.
Web Accessibility:A Win-Win Investment

Investing in web accessibility is a win-win for everyone. It not only helps people with disabilities but also enhances your website’s performance and elevates your brand’s image. The return on investment can be incredibly rewarding. By prioritizing accessibility, you’re positioning your website for long-term success.

Ready to take the next step? Schedule a complimentary ADA strategy briefing with 216digital today. Let’s work together to make your website accessible and ensure that your investment pays off!
Greg McNeil

July 29, 2024

The Benefits of Web Accessibility

Benefits of Web Accessibility, ROI, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
Choosing the Right Web Accessibility Solution
In today’s digital age, ensuring that your website is accessible to all users, including those with disabilities, is not just a legal obligation but also a moral imperative. With the implementation of laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the European Accessibility Act (EAA), businesses must prioritize website accessibility to avoid potential legal repercussions and to foster an inclusive online environment. This guide will help you choose the right web accessibility solution for your organization, depending on your needs, goals, and budget. We will also highlight the ADA remediation services offered by 216digital, a leader in the field.

Understanding Website Accessibility and ADA Conformance

Website accessibility refers to the inclusive practice of ensuring that websites are usable by people of all abilities and disabilities. This includes making content perceivable, operable, and understandable, and robust for individuals with visual, auditory, motor, and cognitive impairments. ADA conformance means that a website meets the standards set by the ADA, which often align with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

Assessing Your Needs and Goals

Before diving into the web accessibility solutions available, it’s crucial to assess your organization’s specific needs and goals. Here are some key considerations:
1. Legal Compliance: Determine the legal requirements applicable to your business. For U.S. companies, ADA compliance is mandatory, while European companies must adhere to the EAA. Understanding these requirements will guide your accessibility efforts.
2. Audience: Consider your target audience and their potential accessibility needs. For example, if your website serves a large population of elderly users, you may need to focus more on features that improve readability and navigation.
3. Current State of Accessibility: Conduct an accessibility audit to identify existing issues. This will help you understand the scope of work required and prioritize improvements.
4. Budget: Establish a budget for accessibility improvements. Costs can vary widely depending on the complexity of your website and the extent of remediation needed.
5. Internal Expertise: Assess whether your team has the necessary skills and knowledge to implement accessibility changes or if you need external support.
Choosing the Right Web Accessibility Solution

Once you have a clear understanding of your needs and goals, you can start exploring the available solutions. Here are some tips for choosing the right web accessibility solution for your organization:

Automated Accessibility Tools

Automated audits like Lighthouse, WAVE, and Firefox Inspector are a great starting point for identifying common accessibility issues. These tools quickly show potential problems, such as missing alt text, incorrect heading structures, and broken links. They give you a report with these findings, which you can use as a starting point to make your site more accessible. Some popular automated tools include:
- Google Lighthouse: An open-source tool that provides audits for performance, accessibility, SEO, and more, generating detailed reports and actionable insights to improve website accessibility and user experience.
- WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool): A web accessibility evaluation tool that highlights accessibility issues directly on the webpage, providing visual feedback and detailed reports to help identify and address barriers for users with disabilities.
- Firefox Inspector: A built-in tool in Firefox’s developer tools that allows users to inspect, modify, and debug HTML and CSS, including accessibility properties, helping developers ensure compliance with accessibility standards.
Pros of Automated Accessibility Tools
1. Speed: Automated tools can scan an entire website in minutes, providing a quick overview of accessibility issues.
2. Cost-Effective: These tools are generally less expensive than manual audits or professional services.
3. Convenience: useful for identifying widespread issues to ensure ongoing compliance.
Cons of Automated Accessibility Tools
1. Limited Scope: Automated tools cannot catch all accessibility issues, especially those involving user experience and context.
2. False Positives/Negatives: These tools can sometimes flag issues that aren’t actually problems or miss real issues, leading to incomplete compliance.
3. Lack of Detailed Guidance: While they provide suggestions, they often lack the detailed guidance needed to fix complex issues.
Manual Audits and User Testing

Manual audits and user testing provide a more in-depth analysis of your website’s accessibility. Accessibility experts will go through your site carefully, checking each part to make sure it follows WCAG’s guidelines. This is a detailed process where experts use different browsers and assistive tools, like screen readers or voice recognition software, to find and fix any small problems with accessibility.

Pros of Manual Audits and User Testing
1. Thoroughness: Human experts can identify complex issues that automated tools might miss.
2. Real-World Testing: User testing ensures that your site is usable for people with disabilities.
3. Detailed Reports: Manual audits provide in-depth reports and specific recommendations for improvement.
Cons Manual Audits and User Testing
1. Cost: Manual audits and user testing can be expensive, especially for large websites.
2. Time-Consuming: These processes take longer than automated scans, delaying the implementation of fixes.
3. Resource-Intensive: They require skilled professionals to coordinate with users with disabilities.
Accessibility Overlays and Plugins

Accessibility overlays and plugins offer quick fixes for improving accessibility. These solutions typically add features like screen reader compatibility, keyboard navigation, and color contrast adjustments by modifying a website’s code with a snippet of JavaScript.

Pros Accessibility Overlays and Plugins
1. Quick Implementation: Overlays can be added to your site quickly, offering an immediate boost in accessibility.
2. User Control: They often allow users to customize their experience, such as adjusting font sizes or contrast levels.
3. Cost-Effective: Generally cheaper than comprehensive manual audits or professional services.
Cons Accessibility Overlays and Plugins
1. Superficial Fixes: Overlays may not address the root causes of accessibility issues, leading to only superficial compliance.
2. User Frustration: Some users with disabilities find overlays intrusive or ineffective.
3. Potential Legal Risks: Reliance on overlays alone may not meet legal accessibility standards, potentially exposing your site to legal action.
Check out our guide on web accessibility overlays for more details on how they might make your website a target for a frivolous ADA lawsuit.

Consulting and Professional Services

For organizations seeking a thorough and sustainable approach to accessibility, consulting, and professional services are ideal. These provide customized solutions based on your specific needs, including expert guidance, comprehensive audits, remediation, and ongoing support.

Pros Consulting and Professional Services
1. Expert Guidance: Professionals bring a wealth of experience and expertise to ensure comprehensive accessibility.
2. Custom Solutions: Services are tailored to your website’s unique needs and requirements.
3. Ongoing Support: Many consulting firms offer ongoing support and training to maintain accessibility.
Cons Consulting and Professional Services
1. High Cost: Professional services are typically the most expensive option.
2. Dependency: Relying on external consultants can create dependency, potentially slowing down internal development processes.
3. Implementation Time: Custom solutions take time to develop and implement, potentially delaying compliance.
216digital’s ADA Remediation Services

When it comes to professional web accessibility solutions, 216digital stands out as a trusted provider of ADA remediation services. Here’s why 216digital is a top choice for ensuring your website meets ADA conformance:

Risk Mitigation

Through our extensive experience and collaboration with key legal players, 216digital has determined the metrics and red flags that cause companies to get hit with ADA non-compliance lawsuits. We know exactly how to take the target off of your back so that you can forget about the ambulance chasers and focus on growing your business.

Our goal through this service is to get the best possible settlement through the improvement of your automated scan results. Identifying and removing web accessibility errors detected with scanning tools and those addressed in the lawsuit. Providing an Accessibility Statement, Skip Link, and Focus Outlines as window dressing to further prevent copycats. Ensure you don’t fall victim to copycat legislation by getting your metrics below internally established risk tolerance thresholds.

Real-World Accessibility

While automated accessibility scans are functional and convenient, they only curate about 30% of issues, leaving your website exposed to a lawsuit and your customers with a poor user experience.

WCAG 2.1 Professional Audits provide insight that accessibility software can’t, which is essential to ensuring that disabled users can access your website to their fullest extent. Only through professional auditing, page-by-page click-throughs, and testing assistive technology such as screen readers and keyboard-only commands can your website reach full accessibility compliance.

Our Web Accessibility Professionals will evaluate and examine the accessibility level of your website’s UI, source code, usability, and design. Then, they will implement solutions focused on three key areas:
- Screen reader and assistive technology compatibility
- Keyboard-only navigation, operation, and orientation
- UI and design
Ongoing Support and Monitoring

Accessibility monitoring is an ongoing and proactive process that regularly checks online content for accessibility violations. Think of it as an early warning system, allowing developers and content creators to identify and fix potential barriers quickly.

216digital’s a11y. Radar is an automated tool that regularly checks your website for ADA compliance. It tracks your ongoing efforts, whether they’re done by your in-house team or an outside agency. You’ll get access to detailed dashboards and updates on any content, code, or user experience issues that might affect your website’s accessibility. Plus, our easy-to-use interface lets your team see current problems and manage any changes that need to be made.

Here are some of a11y. Radar’s key features:
- Dynamic Dashboard Display
- Compliance Scans
- Detailed Issue Reports
- Issue Tracking Over Time
- Manual Testing Reports
- Email Alerts
- Current Web Compliance Status
Conclusion

Choosing the right web accessibility solution is crucial for ensuring that your website is inclusive, usable, and conforms to legal standards. By assessing your needs, goals, and budget, you can determine the most appropriate approach, whether it’s using automated tools, conducting manual audits, implementing accessibility overlays, or partnering with professional services like 216digital.

216digital‘s ADA remediation services offer a comprehensive, customized, and user-centered solution to web accessibility. By leveraging their expertise, you can achieve ADA conformance and provide a better online experience for all users, ultimately fostering an inclusive digital environment and protecting your organization from potential legal challenges.

Investing in web accessibility is not just about compliance; it’s about creating a web that works for everyone. Take the first step today and choose the right accessibility solution for your organization.
Greg McNeil

July 23, 2024

Testing & Remediation

Accessibility Remediation, ADA Web Accessibility, digital accessibility, Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility Remediation, Web Accessibility Solution
2023 Web Accessibility Lawsuit Trends and Insights
Web accessibility is no longer just a buzzword for the tech-savvy; it has become a crucial aspect of every online business. The surge in ADA-related lawsuits in 2023 serves as a wake-up call for website owners, developers, and digital marketers. Ignorance is no longer bliss, and understanding the trends can be the key to safeguarding your online presence in 2024.

For companies of all sizes, this raises a pair of essential questions:
1. What is behind this rise in litigation?
2. Is my business at risk?
In this post, we break down the 2023 web accessibility lawsuit trends and provide insights to help you navigate the evolving landscape. In today’s digital world, being informed isn’t just advantageous—it’s essential.

A Shift in Web Accessibility

Advocates for digital platforms being included in the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) have made significant progress in 2023. The Department of Justice (DOJ) declared that by 2024, all state and local websites must adhere to WCAG AA standards. This move shows that websites and mobile apps are just as important as physical places.

Right now, the declaration above only applies to state and local government groups under Title II of the ADA. But private businesses, often under Title III, might have to follow similar rules soon. This success, along with other updated state laws like California’s Assembly Bill (AB) 1757, has encouraged supporters to take legal action in record numbers.

A Closer Look at the Numbers

The numbers are in, and they’re striking: Plaintiffs filed 4,605 federal and state-filed ADA-related digital lawsuits, 683 more than in 2022. 3,086 of these lawsuits went through federal courts, whereas 1,519 were in state courts. This shift emphasizes the growing significance of state lawsuits in digital accessibility.

New York and Web Accessibility Lawsuits

In fact, Plaintiff firms file almost 75% of all lawsuits in New York federal or state courts. Although we have seen increased lawsuits outside the prominent three regions of New York, California, and Florida, New York is still the king.

But don’t get excited if you are outside of these states. The internet has no boundaries; having customers in a state is enough to be susceptible to legal action. For instance, your online business may be in Ohio. Still, a customer in New York State can file a claim in New York for your website having web accessibility barriers. Your location has no bearing.

But what if you are just a small online business? You should be safe, right?

What Industries Are Most at Risk?

eCommerce websites are more likely to be sued than other industries, such as Food Service and Education. In fact, 80% of all lawsuits are against eCommerce websites, with the majority of cases filed by visually impaired or blind individuals. This is because more and more businesses are selling online than ever before. eCommerce websites constantly change and frequently have complex functionality, making them more susceptible to legal issues.

Want to know more about eCommerce ADA litigation? In that case, check out our article, “Retail is the Prime Target for ADA Web Accessibility Lawsuits.“

Suppose you have already been sued for web accessibility, you should be safe from subsequent lawsuits, right? Unfortunately, the data says otherwise.

Copycat Accessibility Lawsuits Are On the Rise

It is not surprising that 25% of web accessibility lawsuits in 2023, more than 700, were filed against businesses that have previously been involved in ADA digital lawsuits. This highlights the prevalence of legal issues related to accessibility.

Why the Surge in Copycat Lawsuits?

Unfortunately, the ADA does not protect a company with an inaccessible website, regardless of how often they have been sued, when the lawsuits occurred, or whether they settled to make improvements.

Any new user who encounters barriers on a website can file a lawsuit against that website or any other websites or apps owned by the same company. This may lead to copycat lawsuits from new plaintiffs.

The bottom line? If digital content is not accessible, the risk of legal repercussions is substantial. But how should online businesses protect themselves against ADA claims in 2024? Web accessibility widgets and overlays?

Web Accessibility Widgets and Overlays

Many companies that offer accessibility widgets claim to be the ultimate solution for overcoming barriers and even promise legal protection from ADA cases. If you search on Google for web accessibility solutions, you’ll find numerous companies competing for your attention. However, these widgets fall short of being the magical fix many hoped for.

In 2023, 933 businesses using accessibility widgets faced lawsuits, a 62% increase from the previous year. These legal actions often point out the widget features and functionality as causes of accessibility barriers, along with common WCAG failures. But why is that the case?

The Pitfalls of Web Accessibility Widgets and Overlays

One major issue with accessibility widgets is that they don’t address the fundamental access barriers on websites. Although these issues are not visible to most users, they pose significant challenges for people with disabilities.

Furthermore, overlays can only identify 30% of web accessibility errors. Unfortunately, overlay tools struggle to handle the complexity of WCAG guidelines and cannot make the comprehensive changes necessary. The remaining 70% of issues can only be identified through manual testing.

The trend of filing ADA complaints and lawsuits against companies using accessibility widgets will continue into 2024. Achieving complete ADA or WCAG compliance requires more than just overlays or widgets. So, what should you do?

How to Keep Your Online Business Safe

It’s crucial to make sure that your website and online applications follow ADA web accessibility rules to lower the risk of getting sued. This might mean teaming up with web accessibility experts to review your site and make any necessary changes.

To avoid ADA web accessibility litigation, online businesses should take the following steps:
1. Review your website: Conduct a comprehensive web accessibility audit to identify all barriers.
2. Make a plan: Once you find the barriers, address the issues identified in the audit. Start with the most critical issues first.
3. Train Staff: Show your team how to follow the best practices for web accessibility and keep things accessible in the future.
4. Use helpful tools: Frequently test your websites or apps for accessibility with tools like web accessibility monitoring services.
5. Accessibility Partner: Get support from experts who focus on accessibility to make sure you’re following ADA requirements.
6. Stay Updated: Stay updated on WCAG standards and update your websites and apps when needed.
Conclusion

In today’s digital age, web accessibility is non-negotiable. Whether you aim to protect against ADA lawsuits or strive for WCAG 2.2 AA compliance, taking immediate and comprehensive action is vital. At 216digital, we understand the nuances of ADA lawsuits and can help develop a strategy to integrate accessibility into your development roadmap.

Schedule a complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing today to learn more about securing ongoing, real-world accessibility on your terms.
Greg McNeil

January 23, 2024

Legal Compliance

ADA Compliance, ADA Lawsuit, ADA Web Accessibility, ADA Website Compliance, Web Accessibility, web accessibility lawsuits

What is ADA Video Compliance?

Why is ADA Video Compliance Important?

WCAG 2.1 Video Requirements

Tips for Creating Accessible Videos

Provide Captions for Multimedia Content

Think About Your Audience When Writing Captions

Watch Out for Automated Captions

Include Audio Descriptions

Provide a Transcript

Make Sure Your Video Player Has Accessible Controls

Avoiding Flashing Content

How to Install Videos on Your Website to Be Accessible

Choose an Accessible Video Player

Add Captions to Your Videos

Provide Transcripts

Include Audio Descriptions

Test Your Videos for Accessibility

Use an Accessibility Checker

Make Accessibility a Priority

What is Accessibility Testing?

Why Your Website Needs Accessibility Testing

Overview of Different Accessibility Testing Methods

Automated Testing

Manual Testing

Hybrid Testing

Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals

Overview of 216digital’s Accessibility Services

Phase 1: Risk Mitigation Service

Phase 2: Real-World Accessibility Service

How Combining Automated and Manual Testing Enhances Accessibility

216digital’s a11y.Radar Service for Ongoing Monitoring

How a11y.Radar Helps Prevent Frivolous ADA Lawsuits and Maintains Accessibility Compliance

Conclusion

What Are the Different International Accessibility Laws?

The European Accessibility Act (EAA)

The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)

The UK Equality Act 2010

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

What International Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

Do These Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

The Importance of Web Compliance and Accessibility

Conclusion

Targeted Demographic: Who Uses Screen Readers?

Targeted Age: Understanding the Age Range

Disabilities and Disability Types: Types of Disabilities Addressed

The Importance of Digital Accessibility

Making Your Website Accessible

Wrapping Up

What Are Screen Overlays?

Why Screen Overlays Can Be Problematic

1. They Can Create More Barriers

2. They Can Conflict with Existing Accessibility Features

3. They May Not Address the Root Issues

Impact on Your Business: ADA Lawsuits and Legal Risks

Increased Risk of ADA Lawsuits

Reputational Damage

Lessons from Recent News

Best Practices for True Web Accessibility

1. Follow Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

2. Conduct Regular Accessibility Audits

3. Invest in Inclusive Design from the Start

Stay Web Accessible with 216digital

WCAG and Accessible Fonts

The Importance of Using Accessible Fonts

So, What Makes a Font Accessible?

Spacing

Use Sufficient Text Spacing

Color Contrast

Size

Text with Graphics

How to Choose an Accessible Font Family

Examples of Accessible Fonts

Key Takeaways

What are Screen Readers and Who Uses Them?

How Do Screen Reader Users Browse the Internet?

Here’s a simplified version of how it works:

Why is Screen Reader Testing Important?

Ensuring Digital Accessibility

Complying with Legal Requirements

Improving User Experience