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  • Is Your Website an Accessibility Heartbreaker?

    Imagine this: You’re on a first date. The atmosphere is warm, the conversation flows easily, and everything feels right. That’s the power of a great first impression. Now, imagine the opposite—a cold, awkward encounter where nothing seems to click. Not exactly the love story you were hoping for, right?

    Well, your website’s first impression works the same way. An accessible website makes users feel welcomed, valued, and engaged—just like a great first date. It’s the kind of experience that keeps them coming back for more. But, if your website isn’t accessible, it can be a huge turnoff. Users will get frustrated, bounce off your site faster than a bad date, and you’ll lose valuable business opportunities. Worse yet, accessibility issues can even lead to legal risks. No one wants that heartbreak.

    In this article, we’re going to talk about common accessibility mistakes that could break users’ hearts and, more importantly, how to fix them. Let’s make sure your website is a love story in the making!

    Common Accessibility Heartbreakers (Mistakes to Avoid)

    Just like a bad date can ruin your chances for a second one, these accessibility mistakes can send users running for the door. Let’s fix these issues before they break anyone’s heart.

    1. The Ghosted Visitor: No Keyboard Navigation

    Imagine trying to navigate a website without a mouse. For many users with mobility impairments, the keyboard is their only way of interacting with your site. If they can’t use the Tab key to move through links, buttons, or form fields, they’re essentially locked out.

    Fix

    Make sure all interactive elements are accessible via keyboard. This includes buttons, links, form fields, and menus. Also, don’t forget about the :focus state to show users where they are on the page. And, please—no keyboard traps! These occur when users can’t escape pop-ups or dropdowns using their keyboard. No one wants to be stuck on a bad date (or website)!

    2. The Mixed Signals: Low Contrast & Illegible Fonts

    Ever tried reading a text message with tiny, light-colored text against a white background? Not easy, right? Now, imagine the same thing on your website. Low contrast and hard-to-read fonts create accessibility barriers, especially for users with visual impairments or color blindness.

    Fix

    Follow the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) contrast ratios—4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text. Choose fonts that are easy on the eyes (think: no overly decorative or script fonts). Also, give your text some breathing room by adjusting the spacing between letters, words, and lines. A little space goes a long way in readability!

    3. The Silent Treatment: Missing Alt Text & Screen Reader Issues

    When you don’t provide alt text for images, it’s like leaving a text on read. Users who rely on screen readers won’t be able to understand what the image is about, and that can make them feel left out. Also, if your graphics aren’t properly described, you’re leaving users in the dark.

    Fix

    Make sure all informative images have descriptive alt text. If an image is purely decorative, use alt=”” so it doesn’t clutter the screen reader’s output. And don’t forget about interactive elements like buttons or icons—be sure to give them proper ARIA labels or text descriptions.

    4. The Disappearing Act: Poor Focus Indicators

    Just like you wouldn’t want your date to disappear mid-conversation, you don’t want users to lose track of where they are on your website. When focus indicators are missing, especially when navigating via keyboard, it becomes frustrating and confusing.

    Fix

    Ensure focus styles are visible and easy to spot. For example, use outline: 2px solid #color; for a visible focus state. Never remove focus outlines with CSS (outline: none; is a dealbreaker!). Make sure to test your site by navigating with the Tab key yourself, so you know exactly what your users will experience.

    5. The Confusing Relationship: Inconsistent Heading Structure

    Headings are like road signs—they guide users (and screen readers) through your content. If your heading structure is all over the place, it’s like showing up to dinner only to realize your date is more lost than the dessert menu.

    Fix

    Stick to a consistent heading structure. Use <h1> for the main page title, followed by <h2> for section headers, and <h3> for subsections. Avoid using headings just for styling purposes—use CSS for that! Keep headings concise and meaningful to help users (and screen readers) navigate through your content.

    6. The Commitment Issues: Unlabeled Form Fields

    Form fields without labels are like trying to have a conversation without saying anything meaningful. For users who rely on screen readers or voice input, unlabeled fields are confusing and make the experience feel like a dead end.

    Fix

    Clearly label all form fields using <label> elements. If a visible label isn’t possible, use aria-label or aria-labelledby. And when users make mistakes on a form, don’t just say “Invalid input.” Offer helpful error messages with guidance on how to fix the issue.

    7. The Unwanted Surprise: Auto-Playing Content

    Auto-playing videos or audio are the equivalent of a surprise PDA—some people just aren’t into it. For users with cognitive disabilities, or those using screen readers, auto-playing content can be disorienting and disruptive.

    Fix

    Give users control over media playback. Allow them to pause, stop, or mute the content. If you must have autoplay, make sure the audio is muted by default. Also, provide captions and transcripts for multimedia content to make it accessible to everyone.

    Winning Hearts: Making Your Website More Accessible

    Creating an accessible website isn’t just about fixing the mistakes we’ve talked about; it’s about going the extra mile to make sure everyone feels welcome. Here are a few tips to help you win hearts and minds:

    • Run an accessibility audit using tools like Lighthouse or WAVE. These tools help you spot potential issues and offer suggestions for improvement.
    • Get feedback from real users with disabilities. There’s no better way to find out what works and what doesn’t than by talking to the people who need accessibility features most.
    • Follow WCAG guidelines and keep accessibility in mind with every design and development decision. It should be a priority, not an afterthought.
    • Make accessibility a long-term commitment. It’s not a one-time fix; it’s an ongoing process. Keep testing and improving to ensure that your site is always inclusive and user-friendly.

    Don’t Let Your Website Be a Heartbreaker

    At its core, accessibility isn’t just about compliance—it’s about creating an inclusive, welcoming experience that keeps users engaged and happy. When your website prioritizes accessibility, you’re showing every visitor that they are valued, respected, and included. And that’s the kind of love story worth telling.

    So, is your website ready to sweep visitors off their feet? Let’s make sure it is. Schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital today to ensure your site is accessible, user-friendly, and legally compliant. Because when it comes to accessibility, the best love story is one where no one gets left out!

    Greg McNeil

    February 3, 2025
    The Benefits of Web Accessibility, WCAG Compliance
    Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Website Compliance, WCAG, Website Accessibility

  • Why ADA Lawsuits Will Continue to Rise in 2025

    The number of lawsuits filed under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has steadily increased over the past decade, and this trend is expected to continue in 2025. Businesses of all sizes, particularly those operating in the digital space, will likely face heightened scrutiny regarding their accessibility practices. Several key factors contribute to the continued rise in ADA lawsuits, from growing awareness of accessibility rights to the expanding scope of digital accessibility challenges. Understanding these drivers can help businesses proactively approach compliance and risk mitigation.

    1. Growing Awareness of Accessibility Rights

    One of the most significant reasons behind the rise in ADA lawsuits is the increasing awareness of accessibility rights among individuals with disabilities. As digital accessibility advocacy gains momentum, more users are recognizing their right to equal access to websites, mobile apps, and other online platforms. Organizations such as the National Federation of the Blind (NFB) and the American Council of the Blind (ACB) continue to push for more stringent enforcement of accessibility laws, empowering individuals to take legal action when they encounter barriers.

    Additionally, social media and digital forums provide platforms for users to share their experiences, amplifying the conversation around accessibility. As more individuals demand equal access to digital spaces, businesses that fail to comply with accessibility standards will become increasingly vulnerable to lawsuits.

    2. The Rapid Expansion of Digital Technologies

    The explosion of digital technologies, particularly in e-commerce and online services, has introduced new accessibility challenges. Many businesses are rushing to implement AI-driven interfaces, chatbots, and complex navigation structures without considering how these innovations impact users with disabilities. Common accessibility barriers include:

    • Poor screen reader compatibility
    • Inaccessible forms and checkout processes
    • Missing or inadequate alt text for images
    • Lack of keyboard navigability
    • Videos without captions or transcripts

    As businesses expand their digital footprints, accessibility must be a central consideration. However, many companies neglect to prioritize accessibility during development, leaving them exposed to potential litigation.

    3. Legal Precedents and Heightened Enforcement Trends

    In recent years, landmark ADA lawsuits have set powerful legal precedents, further fueling the rise in litigation. Cases like Robles v. Domino’s Pizza and Gil v. Winn-Dixie have reinforced that digital accessibility falls under the scope of the ADA. These rulings have emboldened individuals and advocacy groups to pursue legal action when accessibility barriers persist.

    At the same time, regulatory bodies are stepping up their enforcement efforts. The Department of Justice (DOJ) has issued more explicit guidance on digital accessibility compliance, signaling that noncompliance will not be tolerated. With federal and state regulators increasing their scrutiny, businesses that ignore accessibility requirements risk facing significant legal and financial consequences.

    4. The Impact of Accessibility Testing Tools

    The evolution of accessibility testing tools makes identifying noncompliance easier than ever. Automated scanners, AI-driven auditing platforms, and real-world testing methods are providing users, advocacy groups, and legal professionals with concrete evidence of accessibility violations.

    Tools such as WAVE, Google Lighthouse, and a11y.Radar enables quick and comprehensive assessments of digital properties. As these tools become more sophisticated and widely adopted, businesses that neglect accessibility will find it increasingly difficult to claim ignorance of their obligations. The ability to quickly identify accessibility failures means that potential plaintiffs have more substantial cases, further driving the volume of ADA lawsuits.

    5. The Demand for Proactive Accessibility Compliance

    With rising legal risks, businesses can no longer afford a reactive approach to accessibility. A growing number of organizations are recognizing the need for proactive accessibility strategies, including:

    • Regular accessibility audits
    • Compliance monitoring
    • Employee training on digital accessibility
    • Partnering with accessibility experts for remediation

    Despite these efforts, many businesses still fall short due to a lack of knowledge or investment in accessibility initiatives. Those who fail to take proactive steps will face legal repercussions as accessibility enforcement intensifies.

    The Time to Act on Accessibility Is Now

    ADA lawsuits are projected to rise in 2025 due to growing awareness, digital expansion, legal precedents, and enhanced enforcement. Businesses must recognize that accessibility is not just a legal obligation but also a cornerstone of inclusivity and user experience. By taking a proactive approach to accessibility compliance, organizations can mitigate legal risks, boost customer satisfaction, and contribute to a more accessible digital world.

    Now more than ever, it’s crucial for businesses to prioritize accessibility. Those who fail to do so risk costly lawsuits and miss the opportunity to build a more inclusive and equitable online presence. The time to act is now—and 216digital is here to help. Our team understands the complexities of ADA compliance and can guide you through every step of making your website accessible to all users. Contact 216digital today to learn how we can support your organization’s accessibility initiatives and help you stay ahead of rising ADA enforcement in 2025.

    Greg McNeil

    January 31, 2025
    Legal Compliance
    2025, ADA Compliance, ADA Lawsuit, ADA Lawsuits, ADA Website Compliance, web accessibility lawsuits

  • WCAG 2.1 and 2.2 Level AA Compliance Checklist

    Making a website that works well for all visitors is very important. Whether people are using a screen reader, a keyboard instead of a mouse, or just browsing on a small phone, they should be able to enjoy your site without trouble. That’s where guidelines like WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2 come into play. They help you figure out how to design and develop your website to be welcoming to everyone. This post will explore why these standards matter and provide a handy checklist to help you meet Level AA compliance.

    What Are WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2?

    WCAG stands for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. These guidelines are created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), a group that works to improve the Internet. The goal is to help developers, designers, and website owners make web pages that people of all abilities can use.

    • WCAG 2.1 focuses on areas like mobile accessibility, helping people with low vision, and simplifying things for those with cognitive or learning differences.
    • WCAG 2.2 builds on 2.1, adding more ways to ensure websites are user-friendly across various assistive tools and devices.

    When you aim for Level AA under these guidelines, you cover a wide range of barriers that many people face online. This level is a popular target because it helps most users get a smooth experience while staying realistic in terms of time and cost for website owners.

    Why Accessibility Is Key

    In the United States, many people look for websites they can use easily, even if they have different skills or use different devices. By following WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2, you’re making sure your site can be seen, understood, and operated by everyone who lands on your pages. These guidelines improve the overall usability of your site, which can lead to happier visitors, more return traffic, and a stronger online presence.

    Some people think accessibility features only help those with disabilities, but that isn’t the full story. For example, captions on videos help viewers in noisy places, and clear headings make pages easier to scan for everyone. In other words, these improvements can boost your site’s performance for all visitors, not just a few.

    The Four Principles of WCAG

    Both WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2 focus on four main principles, often known as POUR:

    Perceivable

    People should be able to sense and process the information on your site. This includes making text large enough to read and providing text alternatives for images or audio.

    Operable

    Your site should be easy to interact with. This means visitors can use a keyboard instead of a mouse or stop and pause moving content if they need more time.

    Understandable

    Content should be simple to read and organized in a clear way. Consistent layouts and obvious labels help people find what they’re looking for.

    Robust

    A robust site works well across different devices and assistive technologies. Proper HTML structure and well-labeled elements are examples of ways to keep your site solid and flexible.

    A Checklist for WCAG 2.1 and 2.2 Level AA Compliance

    Below is a practical checklist to guide you. This list is not exhaustive, but it covers many key points to keep in mind when aiming for WCAG 2.2 Level AA.

    1. Perceivable

    1. Text Alternatives for Media
      • Add alt text to images that share important information. This lets screen readers describe images to users who can’t see them.
      • Provide transcripts or captions for audio and video content so people who are deaf or hard of hearing can follow along.
    2. Color Contrast and Text Size
      • Ensure your text stands out against the background. A ratio of at least 4.5:1 is recommended for normal text and 3:1 for larger text.
      • Make sure text can be resized up to 200% without losing functionality or clarity.
    3. Responsive and Flexible Layout
      • Design pages to work well on phones, tablets, and desktop screens.
      • Don’t rely on just color to convey meaning. For example, if you have error messages in red, also include an icon or text label that says “Error.”

    2. Operable

    1. Keyboard Navigation
      • Test your site using only a keyboard. You should be able to reach every link, button, and form field.
      • Make sure there are no “keyboard traps” where you can’t move forward or backward in a form or menu.
    2. Focus Indicators
      • Provide a visible outline or highlight for the element in focus. This helps users see where they are on the page as they tab through it.
    3. Timing and Movement Controls
      • If your site has slideshows, videos, or any moving parts, allow users to pause or stop them. This is especially important for people who need more time to read or interact.
    4. Bypass Blocks
      • Include a “Skip to main content” link so users don’t have to tab through large menus every time.
      • Break your site into clear sections with headings or landmarks.

    3. Understandable

    1. Clear, Simple Language
      • Aim for short sentences and paragraphs. Organize content with headings, bullet points, or numbered lists.
      • Provide definitions or explanations for any unusual terms or abbreviations.
    2. Consistent Navigation
      • Keep your menu and site structure similar across all pages. A consistent layout helps visitors learn and predict where things are.
    3. Helpful Error Messages
      • If a visitor makes an error on a form (like entering an invalid email), explain the problem and how they can fix it.
      • Use clear wording for buttons. For example, instead of “Submit,” try something like “Send Message” if that’s what’s happening.

    4. Robust

    1. Semantic HTML and ARIA
      • Use proper HTML tags like <h1> for main titles and <h2> for subheadings. This helps screen readers and other tools understand your content’s structure.
      • If you have dynamic content like pop-up menus, consider using ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) labels to clarify these features.
    2. Test with Assistive Tools
      • Try out screen readers like NVDA (Windows) or VoiceOver (Mac) on your site.
      • Check how your site behaves with magnifiers or voice control software.
    3. WCAG 2.2 Highlights
      • Accessible Authentication: Try using a password manager or simpler login methods so you won’t have to memorize codes every time you log in.
      • Target Size: Interactive elements, like buttons and links, should be large enough (at least 24×24 CSS pixels) to tap comfortably. This is especially crucial for mobile devices.
      • Drag-and-Drop Options: If your website uses drag-and-drop features, provide keyboard-friendly ways to do the same task.

    Testing Your Site

    Even if you follow all these guidelines, it’s wise to test your site thoroughly. Here are a few suggestions:

    • Automated Scanners: Tools like WAVE and Lighthouse can point out possible issues and give you quick fixes.
    • Manual Checks: Use your site with a keyboard to see if you can tab through elements correctly. Also, turn off your monitor or close your eyes and see if you can rely solely on a screen reader to navigate.
    • User Feedback: Ask real users to test your site. They can share their experiences and spot issues you might have missed.

    Making Accessibility Part of Your Routine

    Accessibility can feel like a big job at first, but it becomes easier when you build it into your normal process. Start small by fixing one area at a time—maybe improve the color contrast first, then add captions to videos, and so on. As you learn more about WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2, you’ll discover that these changes often benefit everyone who uses your website.

    Regularly updating and testing your site is also a good idea. Technology changes quickly, and new devices and browsers appear all the time. Staying up to date with best practices means your site will remain friendly and easy to use.

    Conclusion

    Following WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2 Level AA guidelines is a great way to make your website more welcoming. This checklist helps you cover the basics—like text alternatives, keyboard navigation, and clear instructions—but it’s just the beginning. As you keep learning and improving, you’ll find more ways to create a site that everyone can navigate and enjoy.

    Whether you’re a small business owner, a blogger, or a large company, making an accessible website helps you connect with more people and makes every visitor feel welcome. Check out these WCAG 2.2 tips and see how they can transform your site into a space everyone can enjoy!

    Greg McNeil

    January 30, 2025
    WCAG Compliance
    Accessibility, WCAG, WCAG 2.1, WCAG 2.2, WCAG Compliance, WCAG conformance, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility

  • What Are Accessibility Statements and Why Use Them?

    When was the last time you walked into a store and felt completely welcomed? Maybe there was a helpful sign at the entrance or a staff member who greeted you with a smile. Online, a similar sense of welcome can come from something called accessibility statements. These statements show people that everyone is invited to enjoy a website, app, or digital content. In this article, we’ll explore why accessibility statements are so important, what they include, and how you can make your online content—like marketing emails—more accessible.

    Why Accessibility Statements Matter

    At their core, accessibility statements are a way for organizations to say, “We care about everyone’s experience.” They let people know that your website or digital content tries to meet standards for accessibility. When you create accessibility statements, you show a commitment to making sure people with different needs can use your services. This helps build trust, especially for those who might worry about facing barriers online.

    Here’s the cool part: accessibility statements encourage transparency. They explain what an organization has done to make things accessible, where there might still be challenges, and how users can ask for help. This open, honest style helps everyone feel more confident. People who use assistive technology—like screen readers—find these statements comforting because they know the site owners are aware of accessibility needs. It’s like having a friendly store greeter online.

    The Main Ingredients of a Good Accessibility Statement

    You might be wondering: What should accessibility statements include? While there isn’t a one-size-fits-all template, here are some common parts:

    Purpose and Commitment

    Clearly, say that you’re dedicated to making your website or content accessible to everyone. This is the “hello” handshake of your statement.

    Standards and Guidelines

    Mention which rules or guidelines you follow, like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). This shows people you’re serious about meeting global standards.

    Areas of Success

    List the parts of your website or content that already meet accessibility standards. This helps people know where they can expect a smooth experience.

    Areas Needing Improvement

    Nobody’s perfect! Let visitors know if there are certain parts of your site that you’re still working on. Honesty goes a long way in building trust.

    Contact Information

    Provide an easy way for people to reach out if they find something that isn’t accessible or if they have questions. An email address or contact form is often enough.

    By including these elements in your accessibility statements, you show you’re doing more than just talking about inclusion—you’re taking tangible steps to make it happen.

    Building Trust and Confidence

    When organizations publish accessibility statements, they send a clear message: “We value you.” This is especially meaningful for people who have experienced barriers. Imagine if every time you tried to open a door, it was locked, or the handle was too high. That’s what using an inaccessible website can feel like. By stating your commitment, you give users hope and reassurance that they’re not forgotten.

    Also, having a solid accessibility approach can help you follow the law. In some places, regulations require that websites meet certain accessibility standards. An accessibility statement can show you’re aware of these rules and are taking action. Plus, it’s simply the right thing to do—like offering a ramp for a wheelchair user, or providing large-print menus at a restaurant.

    Making Marketing Emails Accessible

    Let’s switch gears for a moment. While we focus a lot on websites, marketing emails are just as important. In fact, if your emails aren’t accessible, you might lose customers or readers—fast! But don’t panic. It’s not as hard as it sounds. Just as accessibility statements make a promise of inclusion, accessible emails extend that promise right into people’s inboxes.

    Here are some steps to make your emails friendlier to all:

    Use Clear Subject Lines

    Keep your subject lines short and to the point. Screen readers usually announce them right away, so clarity helps everyone.

    Include Alt Text for Images

    When you add images, use alt text to describe them. If someone can’t see the picture, the alt text tells them what’s there. For example, if you have a picture of a happy dog with a party hat, you can say, “Happy dog wearing a birthday hat.”

    Check Your Color Contrast

    Make sure the text and background colors are easy to read. High contrast helps people with low vision or color blindness. For tips, check out W3C’s contrast guidelines (opens in a new window).

    Use Descriptive Links

    Instead of saying, “Click here,” try “Learn more about our new product.” This way, users with screen readers know where the link goes.

    Use Headers and Simple Formatting

    Break up your email content with headers or bulleted lists. This makes it easier for screen readers to move through the email. And honestly, it looks nicer for everyone.

    For more detailed help, you might explore additional resources on email accessibility. These guides dive deeper into coding tips and best practices.

    Keeping Things Technical but Simple

    You might hear terms like “ARIA labels” or “semantic HTML.” Don’t let these scare you. “ARIA labels” help screen readers understand what a button or link does. “Semantic HTML” means using tags like <header> and <main> so assistive technologies know what each part of a page is.

    For emails, focus on including alt text for images, using good color contrast, and providing meaningful link text. If you do want to explore more advanced techniques, you can find lots of resources online that explain them step by step. Just remember to breathe, keep it simple, and maybe have a snack handy while you learn—everyone needs a cookie break now and then!

    Continuing Your Accessibility Journey

    By creating accessibility statements and ensuring your marketing emails follow best practices, you make inclusion a top priority. But don’t stop there! Keep testing your site and emails. Ask for feedback from people who use assistive technology. Over time, you’ll learn what works best and be able to improve.

    Sometimes, you might discover that something you thought was accessible actually needs fixing. That’s normal. Accessibility isn’t a single task—it’s an ongoing journey. Each update moves you closer to a space where every visitor or customer feels welcome.

    The Final Click: Making Web Access a Reality

    In the end, accessibility statements aren’t just documents—they’re promises that you care about all users, including those from marginalized communities. They show you’re transparent, ready to comply with legal standards, and excited to keep learning. These statements can spark real trust and encourage people of all abilities to engage with your brand or organization.

    Adding accessible marketing emails to your strategy is the icing on the cake (or the chocolate chips in the cookie, if you prefer). It proves that you aren’t just talking the talk—you’re walking the walk in every channel. By sharing your accessibility goals, explaining your methods, and welcoming feedback, you create an online environment where everyone feels included.

    So go forth and write that accessibility statement. Tweak those emails. Invite people in with open arms. Your users, customers, and future fans will thank you. And if you’re ready to get started, 216digital is here to help! Just fill out the contact form below, and let us know your goals or questions. Together, we’ll create an online space that makes everyone feel invited, included, and inspired.

    Greg McNeil

    January 29, 2025
    Legal Compliance
    Accessibility, Accessibility Statment, Benefits of Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility

  • Can Free Web Accessibility Tools Improve Your Website?

    If you’re new to website accessibility, you might feel a bit overwhelmed by all the information out there. You may have heard about legal requirements, user experience best practices, and even some fancy-sounding tools. But where do you begin? Maybe you’re wondering if a few free tools can do everything you need or if you’ll have to hire an expert. Rest assured, even small improvements can have a huge impact on your audience. We’ve also rounded up some of the best free tools to get you started—so you can begin making a difference right away without breaking the bank. It’s all about progress over perfection, so let’s dive in!

    What is a Website Accessibility Audit?

    A website accessibility audit is a thorough evaluation of your website to identify barriers that might prevent people with disabilities from accessing your content. These barriers can include issues with navigation, readability, or compatibility with assistive technologies like screen readers. The goal of an audit is to ensure that everyone uses your website, regardless of their abilities.

    Why Conduct a Website Accessibility Audit?

    Before we jump into the free tools, let’s talk about why accessibility matters. For starters, it’s the right thing to do. Everyone deserves a fair shot at using the web. But it also has major perks for you:

    Better User Experience

    An accessible website isn’t just for people with disabilities; it improves the experience for all users. When users can quickly find what they need and interact seamlessly, they’re more likely to stay longer, return, and even convert. Simply put, good accessibility means a smoother, more satisfying experience for all.

    Higher Search Engine Rankings

    Search engines favor websites with a clear structure and good usability, which means accessibility improvements can also boost your SEO.

    Legal Compliance

    Many regions, including the United States, have laws requiring websites to be accessible. Conducting regular accessibility audits helps ensure your site meets standards like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), reducing legal risks and reinforcing your commitment to inclusivity.

    By using web accessibility tools, you can tackle these challenges in a manageable way. It’s all about finding the issues, understanding them, and fixing them one step at a time.

    Top Free Web Accessibility Tools

    Now, let’s explore some of the best free web accessibility tools out there. These tools can give you a snapshot of common issues—like color contrast problems or missing headings—and help you decide what to fix first.

    1. WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool)

    WAVE is a free browser extension and online service. You just plug in your site’s URL, and it gives you a report. WAVE highlights issues in real-time, pointing out where you might need better alt text or labeling. It also marks contrast errors. Because it’s from WebAIM, you know the tool has a solid background in accessibility guidelines.

    How to Use WAVE

    • Visit the WAVE website.
    • Enter your website URL or upload a file.
    • Review the visual feedback and detailed report to identify and fix issues.

    2. Google Lighthouse

    Google Lighthouse is built right into the Google Chrome browser. If you open your site, press the “F12” key (on Windows), and head to the “Lighthouse” tab, you can run an accessibility audit. It scores your site on things like color contrast, proper headings, and more. It’s not perfect, but it’s a great jumpstart in your journey to a more accessible site.

    How to Use Google Lighthouse

    • Open your website in Google Chrome.
    • Right-click and select “Inspect” to open DevTools.
    • Navigate to the “Lighthouse” tab.
    • Choose the “Accessibility” category and run the audit.
    • Analyze the generated report and address the highlighted issues.

    3. Contrast Checker by WebAIM

    Ever squinted at text because it was too light? The Contrast Checker helps you avoid that by testing color pairs. You type in your text color and background color, and it tells you if they meet the WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) standards. This is one of those web accessibility tools that’s simple but very effective.

    How to Use the Contrast Checker

    • Go to the WebAIM Contrast Checker page.
    • Enter the foreground (text) and background color values.
    • The tool will indicate whether the contrast ratio meets WCAG standards.

    4. Accessibility Insights

    Accessibility Insights is a free, open-source tool from Microsoft. It offers both automated checks and guided manual tests. The automated checks are quick and easy, while the guided process teaches you how to find deeper issues. This makes it one of the more beginner-friendly web accessibility tools out there.

    Practical Steps to Improve Your Website’s Accessibility

    Using these free web accessibility tools is just the beginning. After you get your scan results, you need to take action. Here are a few steps you can start with:

    1. Add Alt Text to Images: Make sure every image has a helpful text description. This is especially important if the image contains meaningful information.
    2. Use Proper Headings: Structure your content with <h1> for titles, <h2> for main sections, and so on. This helps screen reader users navigate your pages.
    3. Check Color Contrast: Use a tool like Contrast Checker by WebAIM to ensure your text is visible against its background.
    4. Label Your Forms: Make sure all form fields have clear labels. This helps screen reader users fill out forms without confusion.
    5. Add Descriptive Link Text: Avoid vague text like “click here.” Instead, describe what the link leads to, such as “View our Accessibility Guide.”

    Keep in mind that these improvements benefit everyone, not just users with disabilities. People browsing on mobile devices, for example, appreciate clear structure and easy-to-read text, too.

    Technical Explanations Made Simple

    WCAG

    The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines are like the rules of the road for website accessibility. They tell you the best practices for things like color contrast, keyboard navigation, and more.

    Screen Readers

    These are programs that read text on a screen aloud for people who can’t see the content. If your site is poorly structured, screen readers may stumble, making your site frustrating or even impossible to use.

    ARIA Tags

    ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) tags help make dynamic content accessible. If you have dropdown menus or pop-up windows, ARIA can signal to assistive technologies how those elements should behave.

    By understanding these basics, you can go beyond just automated scans and make meaningful changes.

    The Limitations of Free Tools

    As great as these free web accessibility tools are, they can only do so much. They mostly check for errors that can be caught by automated rules. They might flag missing alt text or color contrast issues, but they can’t always figure out the context of an image or the logic behind a complex form. They also can’t simulate how a person using a screen reader or keyboard-only navigation might interact with your site. In fact, automated scans can only detect around 30% of accessibility errors. That means you’ll still have hidden issues that only a real user with assistive technology or a skilled reviewer can uncover.

    It’s a bit like relying on a spelling checker to edit a long report. Sure, it catches most misspellings, but not the misused words or awkward sentences. You still need a human editor to clean it up completely.

    Moving Forward With a More Inclusive Website

    Free web accessibility tools give you a fantastic starting point. They shine a light on basic issues and help you learn the ropes of website accessibility. But remember that these scans only catch about a third of the barriers your visitors might face. That’s why a deeper dive—like manual testing, user feedback, and expert reviews—is so important.

    By taking these first steps, you’re already showing you care about providing an inclusive and welcoming space for everyone. Ready to keep going? We at 216digital can help you take your accessibility journey to the next level. Whether you need a more comprehensive audit, expert guidance, or hands-on assistance, our team is here to make sure your site truly meets the needs of all users. Reach out today, and let’s keep building a more accessible web—together!

    Greg McNeil

    January 28, 2025
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, evaluation tools, Web Accessibility, Web accessibility tools

  • Common Barriers Found in Accessibility Monitoring

    Have you ever tried to use a website or open an email, only to find that some parts are impossible to read or use? That’s exactly what happens to people who face accessibility barriers online. Web accessibility is all about making sure digital content can be used by everyone, including people with disabilities. It covers things like readable text, clear navigation, and even how images are described for those who rely on screen readers.

    A great way to keep your website or marketing emails user-friendly for all is through routine accessibility monitoring. Think of accessibility monitoring as a regular check-up that catches problems before they become bigger headaches. This practice is not just about following rules; it’s about ensuring your audience feels valued and included.

    The Importance of Ongoing Accessibility Monitoring

    Accessibility is an evolving target. Standards shift, technologies change, and user needs grow more complex. That’s why a one-time audit is rarely sufficient. Instead, incorporating accessibility monitoring into your regular workflow offers multiple benefits:

    Early Issue Detection

    When you track accessibility metrics continuously, you can detect and address accessibility gaps before they become widespread or lead to costly legal issues. This proactive approach helps avoid major overhauls, saving both time and money.

    Improved User Experience

    The best user experiences are built on consistency and reliability. When a website is accessible, it isn’t just beneficial for users with disabilities—it enhances the site’s overall usability, making it more intuitive and enjoyable for everyone.

    Brand Reputation and Trust

    Demonstrating a commitment to inclusivity can significantly bolster your brand reputation. Users who find your platform welcoming are more likely to trust your brand, return for future visits, and recommend you to others.

    Regulatory Compliance

    Accessibility regulations, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the U.S. or the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) internationally, are increasingly enforced. Routine monitoring ensures your site remains in compliance, mitigating the risk of legal action or damage to your brand image.

    Common Accessibility Barriers Identified

    Accessibility issues can vary widely from site to site. However, accessibility monitoring consistently highlights some recurring problem areas. Below are a few of the most common explanations of why they matter.

    Missing Alternative (Alt) Text for Images

    Alt text (or “alternative text”) is a short written description of an image, embedded in the HTML using the alt attribute. This text is essential for screen readers to convey the meaning of the image to users who cannot see it.

    Why It Matters

    • A user who relies on assistive technology may only hear “image” or “graphic” if alt text is not provided.
    • Missing alt text not only harms accessibility but also impacts SEO, as search engines use alt text to understand image context.

    Solution

    Always add descriptive alt text that explains what’s in the image. For example, “A smiling person holding a coffee cup,” rather than “coffee-cup.jpg.”

    Insufficient Color Contrast

    Color contrast refers to the ratio between the foreground (text or important elements) and the background. Low contrast can make text and interface elements nearly unreadable for users with visual impairments.

    Why It Matters

    • Users with color vision deficiencies, low vision, or even older monitors can struggle to perceive low-contrast elements.
    • Poor contrast reduces readability and increases user frustration, potentially leading to lost conversions for e-commerce sites.

    Solution

    Use color contrast tools to check your text and background combinations. Aim for contrast ratios that meet WCAG standards, like a ratio of at least 4.5:1 for most text.

    Keyboard Navigation Failures

    Not everyone navigates a website using a mouse or a trackpad. Many rely on their keyboard (or keyboard-like devices) to move through links, buttons, and form fields.

    Why It Matters

    • If a website’s interactive elements are not properly coded for tab or arrow-key navigation, users with motor impairments or who rely on screen readers can become “stuck” on the site or unable to complete essential tasks.
    • In e-commerce, this can cause significant revenue loss if customers cannot move through the purchase funnel without a mouse.

    Solution

    Make sure you can move between all clickable or interactive elements using the keyboard alone. This includes things like buttons, links, and form fields.

    Missing Form Input Labels

    Forms with missing or unclear labels can create major barriers. Users relying on assistive technology might not understand what data each form field requires.

    Why It Matters

    • For e-commerce, if a prospective buyer cannot fill out billing and shipping forms, they simply can’t complete a purchase.
    • Proper labeling reduces errors, cart abandonment, and user frustration.

    Solution

    Always pair form fields with clear and descriptive labels. For instance, “First Name” should clearly label the first name field.

    Missing or Improperly Structured Headings

    Headings (e.g., <h1>, <h2> provide a logical structure for your content, enabling users with screen readers to navigate effectively.

    Why It Matters

    • Screen readers often rely on heading tags to jump to different sections of the page.
    • A lack of proper hierarchy can make content confusing and time-consuming to navigate, especially if headings are out of order (e.g., an <h3> directly following an <h1>).

    What Monitoring Reveals

    Accessibility monitoring tools and manual audits can uncover pages with mismatched headings, missing headings, or headings used for stylistic purposes rather than structural ones.

    Benefits of Accessibility Monitoring for Web Developers and Ecommerce Managers

    Whether you’re responsible for building new platforms or maintaining existing ones, the benefits of accessibility monitoring extend far beyond mere compliance:

    Reduced Development Bottlenecks

    Identifying and fixing accessibility concerns early in the development process prevents technical debt from piling up. Smaller, more manageable updates are generally simpler to implement, saving development resources in the long run.

    Increased Conversion Rates

    Accessibility improvements often go hand in hand with better user experience. A site optimized for all users naturally boasts higher conversion rates because it eliminates unnecessary friction in the user journey.

    Stronger Data

    By continuously tracking accessibility metrics, you gain insight into how people actually use your site. This data can help shape design decisions and user research, contributing to a more holistic product strategy.

    Mitigated Legal Risks

    In many regions, having an inaccessible website can lead to lawsuits or fines. Ongoing monitoring demonstrates due diligence and places you in a stronger legal position if accessibility complaints arise.

    Recommended Tools for Accessibility Monitoring

    With various platforms and user scenarios to consider, it’s impossible to cover accessibility manually alone. Thankfully, a range of tools exist to help simplify this process:

    Automated Accessibility Scanners

    • WAVE: A browser extension that highlights accessibility issues right on the page and offers detailed explanations.
    • Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar): An advanced accessibility scanning tool that provides comprehensive reports on accessibility compliance. It integrates seamlessly with development workflows, allowing for continuous monitoring and real-time feedback during the development process.
    • Google Lighthouse: An open-source, automated tool for improving the quality of web pages. It includes accessibility audits that evaluate elements like color contrast, ARIA attributes, and more, offering actionable insights to enhance your site’s accessibility.

    Color Contrast Analyzers

    • Contrast Checker by WebAIM: Allows you to input foreground and background colors to see if they meet WCAG guidelines.
    • Accessible Colors: This gives you suggestions on how to modify your color palette for better contrast.

    Screen Reader Testing

    • NVDA (Windows), VoiceOver (Mac/iOS), and TalkBack (Android) are commonly used screen readers. Testing your site with these tools ensures a real-world perspective.

    CI/CD Integration

    • GitHub Actions or GitLab CI: Integrate accessibility checks into your development pipeline so that new commits automatically trigger testing for accessibility regressions.

    Best Practices to Maintain an Accessible Website

    A robust monitoring strategy is only as good as the actions you take based on its findings. Below are some best practices to ensure that your site remains inclusive:

    Make Accessibility Part of Your Design Process

    Rather than retrofitting accessibility at the end, consider accessibility from the start. Involve accessibility specialists, if possible, during the wireframing and design phases.

    Prioritize Semantics and Structure

    Use HTML elements according to their intended purposes. Properly labeled headings, lists, and form fields help both users and assistive technologies make sense of your content.

    Adhere Strictly to WCAG Standards

    Aim for WCAG 2.1 AA compliance at a minimum. Familiarizing yourself and your team with these guidelines reduces guesswork and ensures you’re meeting widely recognized standards.

    Incorporate Regular Training

    All team members, from designers to content writers, should understand the basics of accessibility. This ensures a unified approach and reduces the likelihood of new barriers being introduced.

    Schedule Routine Audits

    Even if your tools are robust, manual reviews are still invaluable. Implement a monthly or quarterly accessibility review process to catch anything automated tools might miss, such as nuanced usability concerns.

    Create an Accessibility Statement

    Let users know your site strives for accessibility. Provide them with a clear channel to report issues, demonstrating that you value their feedback and are committed to continuous improvement.

    Conclusion

    Maintaining a website that is usable and delightful for everyone requires consistent attention to accessibility. Through routine accessibility monitoring, you can uncover the most common barriers—like missing alt text, color contrast issues, and keyboard navigation failures—and address them long before they negatively impact the user experience or invite legal complications.

    216digital offers a variety of accessibility monitoring solutions and packages. If you’d like to know more, please reach out using the contact form below.

    Greg McNeil

    January 27, 2025
    Web Accessibility Monitoring
    a11y.Radar, Accessibility, Accessibility monitoring, Web Accessibility, web accessibility monitoring, Website Accessibility

  • Web Accessibility: Making Drop-Down Menus User-Friendly

    Drop-down menus are a staple in website navigation, offering a compact way to organize and access multiple links. But while they streamline user experience, they can also create significant barriers if not designed with accessibility in mind. For users who rely on screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive technologies, a poorly implemented menu can turn a simple browsing experience into a frustrating ordeal.

    This article will guide website owners, developers, and content creators on how to create accessible drop-down menus that enhance usability for all users. We’ll cover foundational accessibility principles, best coding practices, and testing methods to ensure your menus are inclusive and user-friendly.

    Foundational Accessibility Principles for Drop-Down Menus

    To build accessible drop-down menus, start by understanding core web accessibility principles. Here are the three most critical aspects:

    1. Use Semantic HTML

    Semantic HTML ensures that content is meaningful and properly interpreted by assistive technologies. Instead of using <div> or <span> elements for interactive components, use appropriate HTML elements like:

    • <nav> for navigation sections
    • <ul> and <li> for menu structures
    • <button> to toggle drop-down visibility

    For example:

    <nav>
  <button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="menuButton">Menu</button>
  <ul id="menu" hidden>
    <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
  </ul>
</nav>

    2. Ensure Keyboard Navigation

    Users who navigate via keyboard should be able to open, close, and move through the menu using the Tab and arrow keys. Ensure the following behaviors:

    • The menu should open with Enter or Space when focused on the toggle button.
    • The Esc key should close the menu.
    • Arrow keys should allow navigation within the menu items.

    3. Use ARIA Roles and Attributes Wisely

    ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) attributes help convey additional information to screen readers. However, improper use can create confusion. Apply ARIA roles correctly:

    • aria-haspopup="true" indicates that a button controls a drop-down menu.
    • aria-expanded="false" updates dynamically when the menu is opened or closed.
    • role="menu" and role="menuitem" clarify the structure.

    Example implementation:

    <button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="menuButton">Menu</button>
<ul id="menu" role="menu" hidden>
  <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
  <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">About</a></li>
  <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">Services</a></li>
</ul>

    Structuring Accessible Drop-Down Menus

    Now that we’ve covered the principles, let’s implement an accessible drop-down menu using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

    1. Toggling Visibility

    A menu should only be visible when needed. Use JavaScript to control visibility:

    const menuButton = document.getElementById('menuButton');
const menu = document.getElementById('menu');
menuButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
  const expanded = menuButton.getAttribute('aria-expanded') === 'true';
  menuButton.setAttribute('aria-expanded', !expanded);
  menu.hidden = expanded;
});

    2. Managing Focus for Keyboard Users

    When a menu opens, focus should shift inside it. When it closes, focus should return to the toggle button:

    toggle button:
menuButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
  menu.hidden = !menu.hidden;
  menu.hidden ? menuButton.focus() : menu.querySelector('a').focus();
});

    3. Enabling Smooth Keyboard Interactions

    To navigate the menu with arrow keys, use this approach:

    menu.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {
  const items = [...menu.querySelectorAll('a')];
  let index = items.indexOf(document.activeElement);
  
  if (event.key === 'ArrowDown') {
    event.preventDefault();
    index = (index + 1) % items.length;
    items[index].focus();
  } else if (event.key === 'ArrowUp') {
    event.preventDefault();
    index = (index - 1 + items.length) % items.length;
    items[index].focus();
  } else if (event.key === 'Escape') {
    menu.hidden = true;
    menuButton.focus();
  }
});

    Testing Your Drop-Down Menus for Accessibility

    1. Screen Reader Testing

    Use a screen reader like NVDA (Windows), VoiceOver (Mac), or JAWS to ensure:

    • Menus are announced properly.
    • aria-expanded updates correctly.
    • Navigation follows expected patterns.

    2. Keyboard Testing

    Try navigating your menu using only the keyboard. Ensure:

    • Tab reaches the menu.
    • Enter or Space opens the menu.
    • Arrow keys move between items.
    • Esc closes the menu.

    3. Contrast and Readability

    Ensure proper color contrast between text and background. Use tools like the WebAIM Contrast Checker to verify compliance with WCAG 2.1 standards.

    Best Practices for Creating Intuitive Menus

    • Keep It Simple: Avoid deep nesting that makes menus cumbersome.
    • Ensure Mobile Friendliness: Use larger touch targets for better usability.
    • Avoid Hover-Only Menus: They exclude keyboard users and some assistive technology users.
    • Provide Visual Indicators: Show clear changes when menus expand or collapse.

    Conclusion

    By using semantic HTML, managing focus properly, implementing ARIA roles correctly, and rigorously testing your menus, you can ensure they work for all users, regardless of ability.

    Accessible drop-down menus not only improve usability but also make your site more welcoming to all visitors. Implement these best practices today and make your navigation barrier-free!

    If you’re ready to take the next step toward digital inclusion, reach out to 216digital to schedule an ADA briefing. We’ll help you assess your website, develop a tailored plan, and guide you through the process of building an online presence that works for everyone. Don’t wait—contact us today and let’s make the internet a more accessible place together.

    Greg McNeil

    January 24, 2025
    How-to Guides
    Accessibility, drop-down menus, How-to, WCAG, Web Accessibility, web developers, web development

  • ADA Lawsuits Are Changing: What It Means for You

    In 2024, digital accessibility became a critical focus for businesses as ADA compliance lawsuits revealed new challenges and risks. While the number of lawsuits stayed high, the strategies behind them shifted in surprising ways. These changes underscored the growing need for businesses to stay proactive, not just reactive, about accessibility.

    Whether you’re a business owner, developer, or part of an e-commerce team, understanding these trends can help you avoid legal pitfalls and create a better online experience for everyone. In this article, we’ll explore how ADA compliance lawsuits evolved from 2023 to 2024 and share practical steps to safeguard your business.

    The Rise and Shift of ADA Lawsuits for Websites

    In 2023, there were more than 4,500 website-related ADA lawsuits—continuing an upward trend from previous years. By 2024, that number stayed significant, with over 4,000 filings. However, the real story lies in how these cases progressed. While federal lawsuits dipped slightly, state-level claims surged, catching some businesses off guard.

    But where are these lawsuits happening most often? Understanding the geographic hotspots for ADA litigation can give businesses insight into where compliance is under the most scrutiny—and help them prepare accordingly.

    Geographic Hotspots

    New York again stood out as a hotspot for ADA lawsuits. Favorable state laws and a high concentration of plaintiff law firms contributed to a spike in litigation there. California remained a close second, largely due to its “physical nexus” requirement that often ties digital accessibility to brick-and-mortar stores. For businesses operating or selling in these states, the message was clear: staying ahead of accessibility standards is crucial to reduce legal exposure.

    Widgets and Overlays Don’t Cut It

    It came as no surprise in 2024 that accessibility widgets and overlays repeatedly fell short of their promises. Many of these so-called “quick fixes” only mask deeper barriers instead of truly solving them—an approach that inevitably leaves websites vulnerable to lawsuits. Over 1,000 businesses discovered this the hard way last year, getting hit with legal action despite having widgets in place.

    Why Do Overlays Fail? 

    Widget typically offer superficial features like text-to-speech or color contrast settings, but they don’t fix the underlying coding errors—unlabeled buttons, broken forms, or improper heading structures—that truly affect users with disabilities. Plaintiffs and their attorneys have become more vigilant in spotting these shortcomings, and rightfully so. If a website is rife with barriers, a widget can’t make it magically accessible. Instead, a holistic approach that addresses root design and development problems is the only reliable way to ensure your site is inclusive and shielded from legal challenges.

    Even beyond the issues with overlays, businesses faced another growing challenge in 2024: repeat lawsuits.

    The Growing Challenge of Repeat Lawsuits

    One of the most alarming trends of 2024 was the rise in repeat lawsuits. Around 40% of lawsuits targeted businesses that had already been sued. Yup, repeat lawsuits are on the rise, and they’re exposing a common problem.

    Many companies settle a case, fix a few issues, and then move on. But if you only patch up one part of your site—or ignore your mobile app and subdomains—you’re leaving the door wide open for another round of ADA lawsuits.

    The lesson here is pretty clear: you need a comprehensive approach to accessibility. That means reviewing every part of your online presence, not just the parts that got flagged before.

    Why E-Commerce Websites Were the Hardest Hit

    Just like in 2023, e-commerce businesses were a favorite target for ADA lawsuits in 2024. It’s not hard to see why.

    Online stores change all the time—new products, fresh promotions, and constant updates. But every tweak and addition is an opportunity for accessibility issues to sneak in. If your product images don’t have alt text or your checkout page isn’t screen reader-friendly, you’re putting up barriers for customers.

    And here’s the kicker: it’s easy for plaintiffs to prove harm when they can show they couldn’t complete a purchase because of these barriers. That makes e-commerce sites a prime target.

    The takeaway? Prioritize accessibility. It’s not just about avoiding lawsuits—it’s about making shopping easier and more enjoyable for everyone.

    What You Can Do to Avoid ADA Lawsuits

    So, what’s the game plan for staying out of trouble? Here are some practical steps to help you avoid ADA lawsuits:

    1. Audit Your Site Regularly: Use tools to check for issues like missing alt text, poor keyboard navigation, or inaccessible forms. And don’t stop at automated tools—manual checks are just as important.
    2. Work With Accessibility Pros: Partner with experts who can guide you through the process of making your site compliant.
    3. Educate Your Team: Train your developers, designers, and content creators on accessibility best practices. The more they know, the fewer issues they’ll create.
    4. Involve Real Users: Test your site with people who use assistive technologies. Their feedback is invaluable.
    5. Ditch the Widgets: Instead of relying on overlays, invest in long-term fixes that address the root of your accessibility challenges.

    Accessibility: A Legal Requirement and a Moral Choice

    The rise in ADA lawsuits from 2023 to 2024 proves that accessibility isn’t going away. If anything, the pressure to comply will only grow, especially with new guidelines like WCAG 2.2 and increased enforcement from the Department of Justice.

    But accessibility isn’t just about avoiding lawsuits. It’s about making the internet a more inclusive space. When your website is accessible, you’re opening your doors to everyone, regardless of ability.

    Don’t leave accessibility to chance. At 216digital, we specialize in helping businesses like yours navigate the complexities of digital accessibility. From comprehensive audits to ongoing support and monitoring through our a11y.Radar tool, we’ve got you covered. Let us help you stay compliant, reduce your risk, and create a website that works for everyone.

    Take the first step today—schedule your ADA compliance consultation with 216digital. Together, we’ll build a more inclusive digital experience for your business and your customers.

    Greg McNeil

    January 23, 2025
    Legal Compliance
    2024 accessibility lawsuits, Accessibility, ADA Lawsuit, ADA Lawsuits, web accessibility lawsuits, Website Accessibility

  • Legal Compliance for Websites: A Guide to Accessibility

    Legal compliance for websites is a key step toward building a welcoming digital space.

    When you create a website, you want as many people as possible to enjoy it. This goal includes users with disabilities who may rely on assistive technology.

    This guide will explain the main laws and guidelines that affect website accessibility. It will also share tips on how to keep your site compliant. By the end, you will have a better grasp of how to protect your business and create a better online experience.

    Why Accessibility Matters

    Accessibility is about making sure that all users, including those with disabilities, can interact with your website. People have different needs. Some use screen readers to hear text read aloud, while others navigate websites by keyboard or voice commands.

    When your website is accessible, you open your doors to a bigger audience. You also reduce legal risks. Many businesses have faced lawsuits for failing to meet these standards. A commitment to legal compliance and accessibility can improve customer trust and brand image.

    Major Accessibility Laws in the United States

    1. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

    The ADA is a civil rights law that bans discrimination based on disability in many areas of public life. Though it does not mention websites directly, courts often view online spaces as public places. This means that business websites need to be usable by people with disabilities.

    A growing number of lawsuits focus on ADA website violations.

    Businesses in retail, hospitality, and beyond have faced legal action. By prioritizing legal compliance and following accepted guidelines, you can lower this risk and help more people access your site’s content.

    2. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act

    Section 508 applies to federal agencies and other organizations that receive federal funding. It requires that electronic and information technology, including websites, be accessible. This standard guides agencies on what to do, and it also helps private businesses learn from these rules.

    If you work with government agencies, Section 508 legal compliance might be required in your contracts. This can impact design choices and the tools you use to develop your website.

    International Regulations

    You may operate in more than one country, or you might have users from around the world. Different regions have their own accessibility laws. A few common examples include:

    • European Accessibility Act (EAA): Covers digital products and services in the European Union.
    • Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA): Requires organizations in Ontario, Canada, to meet set standards.
    • Australian DDA (Disability Discrimination Act): Digital accessibility is included in its guidelines.

    These laws share a common goal: allowing all people, regardless of ability, to take part in online activities.

    Consequences of Non-Compliance

    Failure to follow these standards can lead to serious problems for your business.

    1. Legal Risks: Lawsuits can be expensive. Defending even one lawsuit can cost tens of thousands of dollars or more, depending on the complexity of the claims.
    2. Reputational Damage: People may avoid businesses that do not serve all users equally. This can lead to negative press or social media criticism.
    3. Lost Opportunities: Many potential customers have disabilities. If they cannot use your website, they will go elsewhere.

    WCAG includes different levels of compliance: A, AA, and AAA. Many legal compliance guidelines suggest aiming for WCAG 2.1 Level AA. This level covers the most common issues without being too restrictive for most businesses.

    The Role of WCAG in Accessibility

    The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), are the most widely accepted standards for web accessibility. They are built around four main ideas:

    1. Perceivable: Users must be able to see or hear your content in some form. This includes captions for videos and text alternatives for images.
    2. Operable: Your site’s features must be usable by different input methods, such as a keyboard.
    3. Understandable: Both the content and design should be clear.
    4. Robust: The site should work well with various assistive technologies, like screen readers.

    WCAG includes different levels of compliance: A, AA, and AAA. Many legal guidelines suggest aiming for WCAG 2.1 Level AA. This level covers the most common issues without being too restrictive for most businesses.

    Best Practices to Maintain Legal Compliance

    Run an Accessibility Audit

    Start by checking the current state of your website. Several free and paid tools can evaluate your site’s accessibility. Examples include:

    • WAVE: Highlights problem areas on your pages.
    • Google Lighthouse: Checks performance and accessibility within Google Chrome.

    Automated scans are helpful, but combine them with real user tests if possible.

    Fix Common Barriers

    After your audit, address any problem areas. Common fixes include:

    • Adding alt text to images.
    • Correcting color contrast so the text is easier to read.
    • Ensuring forms and buttons are usable by keyboard navigation.

    If your videos or audio files do not have captions or transcripts, add them.

    Train Your Team

    Everyone who posts content or updates your website should know basic accessibility practices. Teach them how to add alt text, format headings correctly, and keep color contrast in mind. Regular training prevents future mistakes that can harm accessibility.

    Adopt a Clear Design and Layout

    Use consistent headings, simple menus, and clear labels on your forms. This supports users who rely on screen readers or have cognitive challenges. It also creates a more pleasant experience for all users.

    Review and Update Regularly

    Websites change over time. New pages, features, or media can create fresh challenges. Perform routine reviews to catch any new issues. Keep track of updates to WCAG or other legal compliance guidelines.

    Practical Tools to Assist with Accessibility

    • Screen Readers (NVDA, JAWS): Let you hear how your site sounds to a user with visual impairments.
    • Color Contrast Checkers (WebAIM): Show you if your text and background colors meet recommended contrast levels.
    • Keyboard Testing: Move through your site using only a keyboard. Watch for traps or areas where you cannot reach buttons and links.

    These tools help you spot issues quickly. They also help you confirm that your fixes are working as expected.

    Additional Resources

    If you need more guidance, look into these sources:

    • WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind): Provides tutorials and articles on creating inclusive websites.
    • The A11Y Project: A community-driven site with accessibility resources, tips, and tools.
    • W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI): The official home of WCAG, plus other technical resources.

    Learning about accessibility is an ongoing process. Changes in technology and updates to the law mean there is always more to discover.

    Moving Forward with an Inclusive Approach

    Making your website accessible isn’t just about legal compliance—it’s about creating a space where everyone feels welcome. By keeping accessibility in mind, you’re not just protecting your business; you’re also showing your customers that you value their experience and needs.

    Accessibility doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Start with small, intentional steps to improve your site and keep building from there. If you’re unsure where to start or want guidance, let us help. Schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital and get practical advice tailored to your business. Together, we can make your website an inclusive and inviting space for all users.

    Greg McNeil

    January 22, 2025
    Legal Compliance
    Accessibility, ADA, EAA, Legal compliance, Section 508, WCAG, WCAG Compliance

  • Accessibility Testing: Prioritize Fixes That Truly Matter

    Accessibility can feel like an overwhelming mountain to climb. Every round of accessibility testing uncovers new problems—some obvious, others hidden deep in the code or design. Where do you start when everything seems important? What if you tackle the wrong issue first, leaving users still stuck?

    These questions are important, and the answers can transform how your website serves all visitors. This guide isn’t just about fixing problems—it’s about focusing your efforts where they matter most. By exploring WebAIM’s four-level severity framework, you’ll learn how to prioritize issues effectively and make meaningful progress toward an inclusive website. Let’s dive in and figure this out together.

    WebAIM’s Four-Level Severity Framework

    WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind) categorizes accessibility issues into four levels of severity based on their impact on users. These categories help prioritize fixes by focusing on barriers that significantly affect user experience and access.

    Critical Issues

    Critical issues completely block users from accessing specific parts of your website or performing essential tasks. Addressing these issues should be the highest priority. Examples include:

    • Interactive elements, such as buttons or form inputs, that cannot be reached or activated using a keyboard.
    • Videos without captions, which exclude users who are deaf or hard of hearing.
    • Content that flashes or strobes in a way that could cause seizures for individuals with photosensitive epilepsy.

    To prevent these barriers, developers should prioritize using accessible, native HTML elements and perform thorough accessibility testing, including keyboard and screen reader evaluations, during the development process.

    Significant Issues

    Significant issues do not entirely block access but make interacting with the website cumbersome or frustrating for users. Examples include:

    • Missing visual focus indicators, which make it challenging for keyboard users to identify the currently focused element.
    • Poor color contrast that makes text difficult to read for users with visual impairments.

    These issues disrupt the user experience and should be addressed soon after critical issues to enhance accessibility.

    Moderate Issues

    Moderate issues require users to expend unnecessary effort or time to navigate and interact with web content but do not entirely impede access. Examples include:

    • Lack of properly structured semantic HTML, such as headings and regions, which slows navigation for screen reader users.
    • Generic or vague  descriptive link text (e.g., “Click here”) that fails to describe the destination or action clearly.
    • Animations that lack user controls, making it difficult for some users to focus on other content.

    Comprehensive accessibility testing ensures these moderate issues are identified and addressed to improve usability for all users.

    Minor Issues

    Minor issues do not create significant barriers but contribute to a polished and professional user experience when resolved. Examples include:

    • Slight inconsistencies in focus styles for keyboard navigation.
    • Overuse of ARIA attributes, such as redundant tabindex values on elements that are already focusable.

    While not urgent, fixing minor issues during routine updates demonstrates attention to detail and commitment to accessibility best practices.

    Step-by-Step Guide to Prioritizing Accessibility Fixes

    Feeling unsure where to start? Don’t worry—you’re not alone. Here’s a simple plan to categorize and tackle accessibility issues step by step:

    1. Conduct a Comprehensive Accessibility Audit

    Begin by testing your site with tools like  WAVE and Lighthouse. Then, complement these results with manual testing—navigate your site with a keyboard, try a screen reader, and zoom your browser window. Automated tools catch many issues, but hands-on testing uncovers usability challenges they miss.

    2. Categorize Issues by Severity

    Use WebAIM’s framework to prioritize fixes:

    • Critical issues should top your list, as they directly prevent access.
    • Serious issues come next, addressing significant usability gaps.
    • Moderate and minor issues can be grouped for later phases.

    A structured approach to accessibility testing ensures the most pressing barriers are resolved first.

    3. Consider the Impact on Your Audience

    Think about how each issue affects your users. For example, missing alt text on product images affects a wide audience and should take precedence. If you have user feedback, use it to identify pain points that need urgent attention.

    4. Focus on High-Traffic and High-Value Pages

    Start your efforts where they’ll have the greatest impact:

    • Homepage and landing pages.
    • Key interaction points like forms or checkout pages.
    • Frequently accessed resources such as blogs or FAQs.

    By targeting these areas during accessibility testing, you ensure that the improvements benefit the largest number of users.

    5. Use a Phased Approach for Moderate and Minor Issues

    After resolving critical and serious issues, create a plan for tackling moderate and minor ones. For instance:

    • Update heading structures during new content creation.
    • Fix descriptive link text during routine content reviews.

    Breaking these tasks into smaller phases makes the process manageable and less overwhelming.

    6. Test and Retest

    After making fixes, conduct accessibility testing again. If possible, involve users with disabilities to confirm your solutions work in real-world scenarios. Their feedback is invaluable and can guide future improvements.

    Tools and Techniques for Effective Accessibility Testing

    A good mix of tools and techniques ensures you catch both technical and usability issues. Here’s what to try:

    • Automated Tools: WAVE and Lighthouse are great for spotting common errors.
    • Manual Testing: Use a keyboard or screen reader to experience your site like some users do.
    • Color Contrast Checkers: WebAIM’s Contrast Checker ensures text is easy to read.
    • User Testing: Working with people who have disabilities provides first hand insights.

    Why Prioritization Matters

    Prioritizing fixes has clear benefits:

    • Faster Results: You can address critical barriers quickly and make your site accessible sooner.
    • Better Use of Resources: Time and budget go toward solving high-impact problems.
    • Happier Users: Fixing severe issues first improves usability for everyone.

    Taking things one step at a time, with regular accessibility testing, makes the process less overwhelming and helps you steadily improve your site.

    Final Thoughts

    Accessibility can feel like a big undertaking, but it doesn’t have to be. By focusing on the most critical barriers first and conducting consistent accessibility testing, you can make real progress without burning out. Accessibility isn’t a one-time project—it’s an ongoing commitment to creating a better digital experience for all.

    Imagine how many more people could enjoy your site if it were accessible to everyone. Whether you’re a developer, IT director, or content creator, each step you take helps make the web a more inclusive place.

    And you don’t have to do it alone. 216digital is here to help. From audits to ongoing accessibility testing and monitoring, we’ll guide you every step of the way. Together, we can create a website that’s user-friendly, inclusive, and aligned with the latest standards. Schedule your consultation today, and let’s get started making your site the best it can be!

    Greg McNeil

    January 21, 2025
    How-to Guides
    Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, How-to, WebAIM, Website Accessibility
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