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  • What Are Accessibility Statements and Why Use Them?

    When was the last time you walked into a store and felt completely welcomed? Maybe there was a helpful sign at the entrance or a staff member who greeted you with a smile. Online, a similar sense of welcome can come from something called accessibility statements. These statements show people that everyone is invited to enjoy a website, app, or digital content. In this article, we’ll explore why accessibility statements are so important, what they include, and how you can make your online content—like marketing emails—more accessible.

    Why Accessibility Statements Matter

    At their core, accessibility statements are a way for organizations to say, “We care about everyone’s experience.” They let people know that your website or digital content tries to meet standards for accessibility. When you create accessibility statements, you show a commitment to making sure people with different needs can use your services. This helps build trust, especially for those who might worry about facing barriers online.

    Here’s the cool part: accessibility statements encourage transparency. They explain what an organization has done to make things accessible, where there might still be challenges, and how users can ask for help. This open, honest style helps everyone feel more confident. People who use assistive technology—like screen readers—find these statements comforting because they know the site owners are aware of accessibility needs. It’s like having a friendly store greeter online.

    The Main Ingredients of a Good Accessibility Statement

    You might be wondering: What should accessibility statements include? While there isn’t a one-size-fits-all template, here are some common parts:

    Purpose and Commitment

    Clearly, say that you’re dedicated to making your website or content accessible to everyone. This is the “hello” handshake of your statement.

    Standards and Guidelines

    Mention which rules or guidelines you follow, like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). This shows people you’re serious about meeting global standards.

    Areas of Success

    List the parts of your website or content that already meet accessibility standards. This helps people know where they can expect a smooth experience.

    Areas Needing Improvement

    Nobody’s perfect! Let visitors know if there are certain parts of your site that you’re still working on. Honesty goes a long way in building trust.

    Contact Information

    Provide an easy way for people to reach out if they find something that isn’t accessible or if they have questions. An email address or contact form is often enough.

    By including these elements in your accessibility statements, you show you’re doing more than just talking about inclusion—you’re taking tangible steps to make it happen.

    Building Trust and Confidence

    When organizations publish accessibility statements, they send a clear message: “We value you.” This is especially meaningful for people who have experienced barriers. Imagine if every time you tried to open a door, it was locked, or the handle was too high. That’s what using an inaccessible website can feel like. By stating your commitment, you give users hope and reassurance that they’re not forgotten.

    Also, having a solid accessibility approach can help you follow the law. In some places, regulations require that websites meet certain accessibility standards. An accessibility statement can show you’re aware of these rules and are taking action. Plus, it’s simply the right thing to do—like offering a ramp for a wheelchair user, or providing large-print menus at a restaurant.

    Making Marketing Emails Accessible

    Let’s switch gears for a moment. While we focus a lot on websites, marketing emails are just as important. In fact, if your emails aren’t accessible, you might lose customers or readers—fast! But don’t panic. It’s not as hard as it sounds. Just as accessibility statements make a promise of inclusion, accessible emails extend that promise right into people’s inboxes.

    Here are some steps to make your emails friendlier to all:

    Use Clear Subject Lines

    Keep your subject lines short and to the point. Screen readers usually announce them right away, so clarity helps everyone.

    Include Alt Text for Images

    When you add images, use alt text to describe them. If someone can’t see the picture, the alt text tells them what’s there. For example, if you have a picture of a happy dog with a party hat, you can say, “Happy dog wearing a birthday hat.”

    Check Your Color Contrast

    Make sure the text and background colors are easy to read. High contrast helps people with low vision or color blindness. For tips, check out W3C’s contrast guidelines (opens in a new window).

    Use Descriptive Links

    Instead of saying, “Click here,” try “Learn more about our new product.” This way, users with screen readers know where the link goes.

    Use Headers and Simple Formatting

    Break up your email content with headers or bulleted lists. This makes it easier for screen readers to move through the email. And honestly, it looks nicer for everyone.

    For more detailed help, you might explore additional resources on email accessibility. These guides dive deeper into coding tips and best practices.

    Keeping Things Technical but Simple

    You might hear terms like “ARIA labels” or “semantic HTML.” Don’t let these scare you. “ARIA labels” help screen readers understand what a button or link does. “Semantic HTML” means using tags like <header> and <main> so assistive technologies know what each part of a page is.

    For emails, focus on including alt text for images, using good color contrast, and providing meaningful link text. If you do want to explore more advanced techniques, you can find lots of resources online that explain them step by step. Just remember to breathe, keep it simple, and maybe have a snack handy while you learn—everyone needs a cookie break now and then!

    Continuing Your Accessibility Journey

    By creating accessibility statements and ensuring your marketing emails follow best practices, you make inclusion a top priority. But don’t stop there! Keep testing your site and emails. Ask for feedback from people who use assistive technology. Over time, you’ll learn what works best and be able to improve.

    Sometimes, you might discover that something you thought was accessible actually needs fixing. That’s normal. Accessibility isn’t a single task—it’s an ongoing journey. Each update moves you closer to a space where every visitor or customer feels welcome.

    The Final Click: Making Web Access a Reality

    In the end, accessibility statements aren’t just documents—they’re promises that you care about all users, including those from marginalized communities. They show you’re transparent, ready to comply with legal standards, and excited to keep learning. These statements can spark real trust and encourage people of all abilities to engage with your brand or organization.

    Adding accessible marketing emails to your strategy is the icing on the cake (or the chocolate chips in the cookie, if you prefer). It proves that you aren’t just talking the talk—you’re walking the walk in every channel. By sharing your accessibility goals, explaining your methods, and welcoming feedback, you create an online environment where everyone feels included.

    So go forth and write that accessibility statement. Tweak those emails. Invite people in with open arms. Your users, customers, and future fans will thank you. And if you’re ready to get started, 216digital is here to help! Just fill out the contact form below, and let us know your goals or questions. Together, we’ll create an online space that makes everyone feel invited, included, and inspired.

    Greg McNeil

    January 29, 2025
    Legal Compliance
    Accessibility, Accessibility Statment, Benefits of Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
  • Can Free Web Accessibility Tools Improve Your Website?

    If you’re new to website accessibility, you might feel a bit overwhelmed by all the information out there. You may have heard about legal requirements, user experience best practices, and even some fancy-sounding tools. But where do you begin? Maybe you’re wondering if a few free tools can do everything you need or if you’ll have to hire an expert. Rest assured, even small improvements can have a huge impact on your audience. We’ve also rounded up some of the best free tools to get you started—so you can begin making a difference right away without breaking the bank. It’s all about progress over perfection, so let’s dive in!

    What is a Website Accessibility Audit?

    A website accessibility audit is a thorough evaluation of your website to identify barriers that might prevent people with disabilities from accessing your content. These barriers can include issues with navigation, readability, or compatibility with assistive technologies like screen readers. The goal of an audit is to ensure that everyone uses your website, regardless of their abilities.

    Why Conduct a Website Accessibility Audit?

    Before we jump into the free tools, let’s talk about why accessibility matters. For starters, it’s the right thing to do. Everyone deserves a fair shot at using the web. But it also has major perks for you:

    Better User Experience

    An accessible website isn’t just for people with disabilities; it improves the experience for all users. When users can quickly find what they need and interact seamlessly, they’re more likely to stay longer, return, and even convert. Simply put, good accessibility means a smoother, more satisfying experience for all.

    Higher Search Engine Rankings

    Search engines favor websites with a clear structure and good usability, which means accessibility improvements can also boost your SEO.

    Legal Compliance

    Many regions, including the United States, have laws requiring websites to be accessible. Conducting regular accessibility audits helps ensure your site meets standards like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), reducing legal risks and reinforcing your commitment to inclusivity.

    By using web accessibility tools, you can tackle these challenges in a manageable way. It’s all about finding the issues, understanding them, and fixing them one step at a time.

    Top Free Web Accessibility Tools

    Now, let’s explore some of the best free web accessibility tools out there. These tools can give you a snapshot of common issues—like color contrast problems or missing headings—and help you decide what to fix first.

    1. WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool)

    WAVE is a free browser extension and online service. You just plug in your site’s URL, and it gives you a report. WAVE highlights issues in real-time, pointing out where you might need better alt text or labeling. It also marks contrast errors. Because it’s from WebAIM, you know the tool has a solid background in accessibility guidelines.

    How to Use WAVE

    • Visit the WAVE website.
    • Enter your website URL or upload a file.
    • Review the visual feedback and detailed report to identify and fix issues.

    2. Google Lighthouse

    Google Lighthouse is built right into the Google Chrome browser. If you open your site, press the “F12” key (on Windows), and head to the “Lighthouse” tab, you can run an accessibility audit. It scores your site on things like color contrast, proper headings, and more. It’s not perfect, but it’s a great jumpstart in your journey to a more accessible site.

    How to Use Google Lighthouse

    • Open your website in Google Chrome.
    • Right-click and select “Inspect” to open DevTools.
    • Navigate to the “Lighthouse” tab.
    • Choose the “Accessibility” category and run the audit.
    • Analyze the generated report and address the highlighted issues.

    3. Contrast Checker by WebAIM

    Ever squinted at text because it was too light? The Contrast Checker helps you avoid that by testing color pairs. You type in your text color and background color, and it tells you if they meet the WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) standards. This is one of those web accessibility tools that’s simple but very effective.

    How to Use the Contrast Checker

    • Go to the WebAIM Contrast Checker page.
    • Enter the foreground (text) and background color values.
    • The tool will indicate whether the contrast ratio meets WCAG standards.

    4. Accessibility Insights

    Accessibility Insights is a free, open-source tool from Microsoft. It offers both automated checks and guided manual tests. The automated checks are quick and easy, while the guided process teaches you how to find deeper issues. This makes it one of the more beginner-friendly web accessibility tools out there.

    Practical Steps to Improve Your Website’s Accessibility

    Using these free web accessibility tools is just the beginning. After you get your scan results, you need to take action. Here are a few steps you can start with:

    1. Add Alt Text to Images: Make sure every image has a helpful text description. This is especially important if the image contains meaningful information.
    2. Use Proper Headings: Structure your content with <h1> for titles, <h2> for main sections, and so on. This helps screen reader users navigate your pages.
    3. Check Color Contrast: Use a tool like Contrast Checker by WebAIM to ensure your text is visible against its background.
    4. Label Your Forms: Make sure all form fields have clear labels. This helps screen reader users fill out forms without confusion.
    5. Add Descriptive Link Text: Avoid vague text like “click here.” Instead, describe what the link leads to, such as “View our Accessibility Guide.”

    Keep in mind that these improvements benefit everyone, not just users with disabilities. People browsing on mobile devices, for example, appreciate clear structure and easy-to-read text, too.

    Technical Explanations Made Simple

    WCAG

    The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines are like the rules of the road for website accessibility. They tell you the best practices for things like color contrast, keyboard navigation, and more.

    Screen Readers

    These are programs that read text on a screen aloud for people who can’t see the content. If your site is poorly structured, screen readers may stumble, making your site frustrating or even impossible to use.

    ARIA Tags

    ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) tags help make dynamic content accessible. If you have dropdown menus or pop-up windows, ARIA can signal to assistive technologies how those elements should behave.

    By understanding these basics, you can go beyond just automated scans and make meaningful changes.

    The Limitations of Free Tools

    As great as these free web accessibility tools are, they can only do so much. They mostly check for errors that can be caught by automated rules. They might flag missing alt text or color contrast issues, but they can’t always figure out the context of an image or the logic behind a complex form. They also can’t simulate how a person using a screen reader or keyboard-only navigation might interact with your site. In fact, automated scans can only detect around 30% of accessibility errors. That means you’ll still have hidden issues that only a real user with assistive technology or a skilled reviewer can uncover.

    It’s a bit like relying on a spelling checker to edit a long report. Sure, it catches most misspellings, but not the misused words or awkward sentences. You still need a human editor to clean it up completely.

    Moving Forward With a More Inclusive Website

    Free web accessibility tools give you a fantastic starting point. They shine a light on basic issues and help you learn the ropes of website accessibility. But remember that these scans only catch about a third of the barriers your visitors might face. That’s why a deeper dive—like manual testing, user feedback, and expert reviews—is so important.

    By taking these first steps, you’re already showing you care about providing an inclusive and welcoming space for everyone. Ready to keep going? We at 216digital can help you take your accessibility journey to the next level. Whether you need a more comprehensive audit, expert guidance, or hands-on assistance, our team is here to make sure your site truly meets the needs of all users. Reach out today, and let’s keep building a more accessible web—together!

    Greg McNeil

    January 28, 2025
    Testing & Remediation
    Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, evaluation tools, Web Accessibility, Web accessibility tools
  • Common Barriers Found in Accessibility Monitoring

    Have you ever tried to use a website or open an email, only to find that some parts are impossible to read or use? That’s exactly what happens to people who face accessibility barriers online. Web accessibility is all about making sure digital content can be used by everyone, including people with disabilities. It covers things like readable text, clear navigation, and even how images are described for those who rely on screen readers.

    A great way to keep your website or marketing emails user-friendly for all is through routine accessibility monitoring. Think of accessibility monitoring as a regular check-up that catches problems before they become bigger headaches. This practice is not just about following rules; it’s about ensuring your audience feels valued and included.

    The Importance of Ongoing Accessibility Monitoring

    Accessibility is an evolving target. Standards shift, technologies change, and user needs grow more complex. That’s why a one-time audit is rarely sufficient. Instead, incorporating accessibility monitoring into your regular workflow offers multiple benefits:

    Early Issue Detection

    When you track accessibility metrics continuously, you can detect and address accessibility gaps before they become widespread or lead to costly legal issues. This proactive approach helps avoid major overhauls, saving both time and money.

    Improved User Experience

    The best user experiences are built on consistency and reliability. When a website is accessible, it isn’t just beneficial for users with disabilities—it enhances the site’s overall usability, making it more intuitive and enjoyable for everyone.

    Brand Reputation and Trust

    Demonstrating a commitment to inclusivity can significantly bolster your brand reputation. Users who find your platform welcoming are more likely to trust your brand, return for future visits, and recommend you to others.

    Regulatory Compliance

    Accessibility regulations, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the U.S. or the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) internationally, are increasingly enforced. Routine monitoring ensures your site remains in compliance, mitigating the risk of legal action or damage to your brand image.

    Common Accessibility Barriers Identified

    Accessibility issues can vary widely from site to site. However, accessibility monitoring consistently highlights some recurring problem areas. Below are a few of the most common explanations of why they matter.

    Missing Alternative (Alt) Text for Images

    Alt text (or “alternative text”) is a short written description of an image, embedded in the HTML using the alt attribute. This text is essential for screen readers to convey the meaning of the image to users who cannot see it.

    Why It Matters

    • A user who relies on assistive technology may only hear “image” or “graphic” if alt text is not provided.
    • Missing alt text not only harms accessibility but also impacts SEO, as search engines use alt text to understand image context.

    Solution

    Always add descriptive alt text that explains what’s in the image. For example, “A smiling person holding a coffee cup,” rather than “coffee-cup.jpg.”

    Insufficient Color Contrast

    Color contrast refers to the ratio between the foreground (text or important elements) and the background. Low contrast can make text and interface elements nearly unreadable for users with visual impairments.

    Why It Matters

    • Users with color vision deficiencies, low vision, or even older monitors can struggle to perceive low-contrast elements.
    • Poor contrast reduces readability and increases user frustration, potentially leading to lost conversions for e-commerce sites.

    Solution

    Use color contrast tools to check your text and background combinations. Aim for contrast ratios that meet WCAG standards, like a ratio of at least 4.5:1 for most text.

    Keyboard Navigation Failures

    Not everyone navigates a website using a mouse or a trackpad. Many rely on their keyboard (or keyboard-like devices) to move through links, buttons, and form fields.

    Why It Matters

    • If a website’s interactive elements are not properly coded for tab or arrow-key navigation, users with motor impairments or who rely on screen readers can become “stuck” on the site or unable to complete essential tasks.
    • In e-commerce, this can cause significant revenue loss if customers cannot move through the purchase funnel without a mouse.

    Solution

    Make sure you can move between all clickable or interactive elements using the keyboard alone. This includes things like buttons, links, and form fields.

    Missing Form Input Labels

    Forms with missing or unclear labels can create major barriers. Users relying on assistive technology might not understand what data each form field requires.

    Why It Matters

    • For e-commerce, if a prospective buyer cannot fill out billing and shipping forms, they simply can’t complete a purchase.
    • Proper labeling reduces errors, cart abandonment, and user frustration.

    Solution

    Always pair form fields with clear and descriptive labels. For instance, “First Name” should clearly label the first name field.

    Missing or Improperly Structured Headings

    Headings (e.g., <h1>, <h2> provide a logical structure for your content, enabling users with screen readers to navigate effectively.

    Why It Matters

    • Screen readers often rely on heading tags to jump to different sections of the page.
    • A lack of proper hierarchy can make content confusing and time-consuming to navigate, especially if headings are out of order (e.g., an <h3> directly following an <h1>).

    What Monitoring Reveals

    Accessibility monitoring tools and manual audits can uncover pages with mismatched headings, missing headings, or headings used for stylistic purposes rather than structural ones.

    Benefits of Accessibility Monitoring for Web Developers and Ecommerce Managers

    Whether you’re responsible for building new platforms or maintaining existing ones, the benefits of accessibility monitoring extend far beyond mere compliance:

    Reduced Development Bottlenecks

    Identifying and fixing accessibility concerns early in the development process prevents technical debt from piling up. Smaller, more manageable updates are generally simpler to implement, saving development resources in the long run.

    Increased Conversion Rates

    Accessibility improvements often go hand in hand with better user experience. A site optimized for all users naturally boasts higher conversion rates because it eliminates unnecessary friction in the user journey.

    Stronger Data

    By continuously tracking accessibility metrics, you gain insight into how people actually use your site. This data can help shape design decisions and user research, contributing to a more holistic product strategy.

    Mitigated Legal Risks

    In many regions, having an inaccessible website can lead to lawsuits or fines. Ongoing monitoring demonstrates due diligence and places you in a stronger legal position if accessibility complaints arise.

    Recommended Tools for Accessibility Monitoring

    With various platforms and user scenarios to consider, it’s impossible to cover accessibility manually alone. Thankfully, a range of tools exist to help simplify this process:

    Automated Accessibility Scanners

    • WAVE: A browser extension that highlights accessibility issues right on the page and offers detailed explanations.
    • Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar): An advanced accessibility scanning tool that provides comprehensive reports on accessibility compliance. It integrates seamlessly with development workflows, allowing for continuous monitoring and real-time feedback during the development process.
    • Google Lighthouse: An open-source, automated tool for improving the quality of web pages. It includes accessibility audits that evaluate elements like color contrast, ARIA attributes, and more, offering actionable insights to enhance your site’s accessibility.

    Color Contrast Analyzers

    • Contrast Checker by WebAIM: Allows you to input foreground and background colors to see if they meet WCAG guidelines.
    • Accessible Colors: This gives you suggestions on how to modify your color palette for better contrast.

    Screen Reader Testing

    • NVDA (Windows), VoiceOver (Mac/iOS), and TalkBack (Android) are commonly used screen readers. Testing your site with these tools ensures a real-world perspective.

    CI/CD Integration

    • GitHub Actions or GitLab CI: Integrate accessibility checks into your development pipeline so that new commits automatically trigger testing for accessibility regressions.

    Best Practices to Maintain an Accessible Website

    A robust monitoring strategy is only as good as the actions you take based on its findings. Below are some best practices to ensure that your site remains inclusive:

    Make Accessibility Part of Your Design Process

    Rather than retrofitting accessibility at the end, consider accessibility from the start. Involve accessibility specialists, if possible, during the wireframing and design phases.

    Prioritize Semantics and Structure

    Use HTML elements according to their intended purposes. Properly labeled headings, lists, and form fields help both users and assistive technologies make sense of your content.

    Adhere Strictly to WCAG Standards

    Aim for WCAG 2.1 AA compliance at a minimum. Familiarizing yourself and your team with these guidelines reduces guesswork and ensures you’re meeting widely recognized standards.

    Incorporate Regular Training

    All team members, from designers to content writers, should understand the basics of accessibility. This ensures a unified approach and reduces the likelihood of new barriers being introduced.

    Schedule Routine Audits

    Even if your tools are robust, manual reviews are still invaluable. Implement a monthly or quarterly accessibility review process to catch anything automated tools might miss, such as nuanced usability concerns.

    Create an Accessibility Statement

    Let users know your site strives for accessibility. Provide them with a clear channel to report issues, demonstrating that you value their feedback and are committed to continuous improvement.

    Conclusion

    Maintaining a website that is usable and delightful for everyone requires consistent attention to accessibility. Through routine accessibility monitoring, you can uncover the most common barriers—like missing alt text, color contrast issues, and keyboard navigation failures—and address them long before they negatively impact the user experience or invite legal complications.

    216digital offers a variety of accessibility monitoring solutions and packages. If you’d like to know more, please reach out using the contact form below.

    Greg McNeil

    January 27, 2025
    Web Accessibility Monitoring
    a11y.Radar, Accessibility, Accessibility monitoring, Web Accessibility, web accessibility monitoring, Website Accessibility
  • Web Accessibility: Making Drop-Down Menus User-Friendly

    Drop-down menus are a staple in website navigation, offering a compact way to organize and access multiple links. But while they streamline user experience, they can also create significant barriers if not designed with accessibility in mind. For users who rely on screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive technologies, a poorly implemented menu can turn a simple browsing experience into a frustrating ordeal.

    This article will guide website owners, developers, and content creators on how to create accessible drop-down menus that enhance usability for all users. We’ll cover foundational accessibility principles, best coding practices, and testing methods to ensure your menus are inclusive and user-friendly.

    Foundational Accessibility Principles for Drop-Down Menus

    To build accessible drop-down menus, start by understanding core web accessibility principles. Here are the three most critical aspects:

    1. Use Semantic HTML

    Semantic HTML ensures that content is meaningful and properly interpreted by assistive technologies. Instead of using <div> or <span> elements for interactive components, use appropriate HTML elements like:

    • <nav> for navigation sections
    • <ul> and <li> for menu structures
    • <button> to toggle drop-down visibility

    For example:

    <nav>
      <button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="menuButton">Menu</button>
      <ul id="menu" hidden>
        <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
      </ul>
    </nav>

    2. Ensure Keyboard Navigation

    Users who navigate via keyboard should be able to open, close, and move through the menu using the Tab and arrow keys. Ensure the following behaviors:

    • The menu should open with Enter or Space when focused on the toggle button.
    • The Esc key should close the menu.
    • Arrow keys should allow navigation within the menu items.

    3. Use ARIA Roles and Attributes Wisely

    ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) attributes help convey additional information to screen readers. However, improper use can create confusion. Apply ARIA roles correctly:

    • aria-haspopup="true" indicates that a button controls a drop-down menu.
    • aria-expanded="false" updates dynamically when the menu is opened or closed.
    • role="menu" and role="menuitem" clarify the structure.

    Example implementation:

    <button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="menuButton">Menu</button>
    <ul id="menu" role="menu" hidden>
      <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
      <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">About</a></li>
      <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">Services</a></li>
    </ul>

    Structuring Accessible Drop-Down Menus

    Now that we’ve covered the principles, let’s implement an accessible drop-down menu using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

    1. Toggling Visibility

    A menu should only be visible when needed. Use JavaScript to control visibility:

    const menuButton = document.getElementById('menuButton');
    const menu = document.getElementById('menu');
    menuButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
      const expanded = menuButton.getAttribute('aria-expanded') === 'true';
      menuButton.setAttribute('aria-expanded', !expanded);
      menu.hidden = expanded;
    });

    2. Managing Focus for Keyboard Users

    When a menu opens, focus should shift inside it. When it closes, focus should return to the toggle button:

    toggle button:
    menuButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
      menu.hidden = !menu.hidden;
      menu.hidden ? menuButton.focus() : menu.querySelector('a').focus();
    });

    3. Enabling Smooth Keyboard Interactions

    To navigate the menu with arrow keys, use this approach:

    menu.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {
      const items = [...menu.querySelectorAll('a')];
      let index = items.indexOf(document.activeElement);
      
      if (event.key === 'ArrowDown') {
        event.preventDefault();
        index = (index + 1) % items.length;
        items[index].focus();
      } else if (event.key === 'ArrowUp') {
        event.preventDefault();
        index = (index - 1 + items.length) % items.length;
        items[index].focus();
      } else if (event.key === 'Escape') {
        menu.hidden = true;
        menuButton.focus();
      }
    });

    Testing Your Drop-Down Menus for Accessibility

    1. Screen Reader Testing

    Use a screen reader like NVDA (Windows), VoiceOver (Mac), or JAWS to ensure:

    • Menus are announced properly.
    • aria-expanded updates correctly.
    • Navigation follows expected patterns.

    2. Keyboard Testing

    Try navigating your menu using only the keyboard. Ensure:

    • Tab reaches the menu.
    • Enter or Space opens the menu.
    • Arrow keys move between items.
    • Esc closes the menu.

    3. Contrast and Readability

    Ensure proper color contrast between text and background. Use tools like the WebAIM Contrast Checker to verify compliance with WCAG 2.1 standards.

    Best Practices for Creating Intuitive Menus

    • Keep It Simple: Avoid deep nesting that makes menus cumbersome.
    • Ensure Mobile Friendliness: Use larger touch targets for better usability.
    • Avoid Hover-Only Menus: They exclude keyboard users and some assistive technology users.
    • Provide Visual Indicators: Show clear changes when menus expand or collapse.

    Conclusion

    By using semantic HTML, managing focus properly, implementing ARIA roles correctly, and rigorously testing your menus, you can ensure they work for all users, regardless of ability.

    Accessible drop-down menus not only improve usability but also make your site more welcoming to all visitors. Implement these best practices today and make your navigation barrier-free!

    If you’re ready to take the next step toward digital inclusion, reach out to 216digital to schedule an ADA briefing. We’ll help you assess your website, develop a tailored plan, and guide you through the process of building an online presence that works for everyone. Don’t wait—contact us today and let’s make the internet a more accessible place together.

    Greg McNeil

    January 24, 2025
    How-to Guides
    Accessibility, drop-down menus, How-to, WCAG, Web Accessibility, web developers, web development
  • Accessibility in JavaScript: A Developer’s Guide

    JavaScript has revolutionized web development, enabling developers to create interactive and dynamic websites. However, these enhancements can also introduce significant accessibility barriers if not implemented thoughtfully. For web developers and eCommerce managers, ensuring that JavaScript-powered features are accessible isn’t just about compliance—it’s about creating an inclusive experience for all users.

    This guide explores the essential techniques, testing methods, and best practices to ensure that JavaScript features meet accessibility standards and improve usability for everyone.

    Why Accessibility in JavaScript Matters

    Interactive JavaScript elements, such as modals, dropdown menus, and dynamic content updates, can be challenging for users with disabilities. Poorly implemented JavaScript can break keyboard navigation, confuse screen readers, or cause focus management issues, creating barriers that exclude a portion of your audience.

    By prioritizing accessibility, developers can:

    • Meet Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
    • Improve user experience for everyone, including users with disabilities.
    • Reduce the risk of legal action related to accessibility non-compliance.
    • Expand your website’s audience and customer base.

    Common Accessibility Barriers in JavaScript

    Before diving into solutions, let’s examine some common accessibility pitfalls associated with JavaScript:

    1. Keyboard Inaccessibility: Many JavaScript features rely on mouse interactions, neglecting users who navigate with a keyboard.
    2. Focus Management Issues: Improper handling of focus can disorient users, especially when triggering modals, popups, or dynamic content.
    3. Unlabeled ARIA Roles: Dynamic elements without proper ARIA roles and attributes can confuse screen readers.
    4. Non-Compliant Custom Widgets: Custom components like sliders, tabs, or accordions often fail to replicate the functionality of their native HTML counterparts.
    5. Content Updates Without Notifications: Dynamic content changes that are not announced to assistive technologies leave users unaware of critical updates.

    Best Practices for Accessible JavaScript

    To make your JavaScript-powered features inclusive, follow these best practices:

    1. Ensure Keyboard Accessibility

    All interactive elements must be operable using only a keyboard. Consider the following:

    • Use semantic HTML elements like <button>, <a>, and <input>, which have built-in keyboard support.
    • Add tabindex= "0" to custom elements to make them focusable.
    • Avoid tabindex values greater than 0, which can disrupt the natural tabbing order.
    • Implement custom keyboard interactions for widgets like dropdowns and modals. For example, allow users to close a modal with the Escape key.

    2. Manage Focus Properly

    Focus management is critical when working with dynamic content. Here’s how to handle it:

    • Set Initial Focus: When opening a modal, move focus to the first interactive element within it.
    • Trap Focus: Prevent users from tabbing out of an open modal.
    • Restore Focus: Return focus to the triggering element when the modal is closed.
    • Avoid Focus Loss: Ensure that dynamically added content doesn’t cause focus to disappear.

    3. Use ARIA Responsibly

    Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) can enhance screen reader compatibility, but misuse can lead to confusion. Follow these guidelines:

    • Use ARIA Roles: Assign roles like role= "dialog" for modals or role= "menu" for dropdowns.
    • Add ARIA States: Use attributes like aria-expanded, aria-hidden, and aria-live to convey element states to assistive technologies.
    • Don’t Overuse ARIA: Avoid using ARIA when semantic HTML can achieve the same result.

    4. Announce Dynamic Content Updates

    For screen reader users, dynamically updated content must be announced clearly:

    • Use aria-live regions to alert users to changes in content.
    • Set the aria-live attribute to “polite” for non-urgent updates or “assertive” for critical changes.
    • Avoid excessive announcements, which can overwhelm users.

    5. Test Custom Widgets Thoroughly

    If you create custom widgets, ensure they mimic the behavior of native elements:

    • Use the WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices Guide as a reference.
    • Make widgets focusable, operable via keyboard, and compatible with screen readers.
    • Test with multiple assistive technologies and devices to ensure broad accessibility.

    Testing JavaScript for Accessibility

    Accessibility testing is an essential part of development. Use the following tools and methods to identify and address accessibility issues:

    Automated Tools

    1. Lighthouse (built into Chrome DevTools): Provides a quick audit of accessibility issues.
    2. WAVE: Highlights accessibility problems directly on your webpage.

    Manual Testing

    Automated tools can’t catch every issue, so manual testing is critical:

    • Keyboard Navigation: Ensure all interactive elements are focusable and operable with the Tab and Enter keys.
    • Screen Readers: Test your website with screen readers like NVDA, JAWS, or VoiceOver.
    • Focus Indicators: Verify that focus indicators are visible and intuitive.

    Real-World Scenarios

    Test your website with users who rely on assistive technologies. User feedback can uncover issues that developers might overlook.

    Meeting WCAG Requirements

    To comply with WCAG, focus on these key guidelines:

    Perceivable

    • Ensure text alternatives for images and icons.
    • Provide captions for video content.

    Operable

    • Make all functionality available via a keyboard.
    • Avoid content that flashes more than three times per second.

    Understandable

    • Use clear labels and instructions.
    • Ensure consistent navigation and predictable interactions.

    Robust

    • Use valid HTML and ARIA attributes to ensure compatibility with assistive technologies.

    Benefits of Accessible JavaScript

    Implementing accessible JavaScript goes beyond compliance. It delivers tangible benefits, such as:

    • Improved User Experience: Accessible features make your website easier to use for everyone.
    • Increased Market Reach: Approximately 16% of the world’s population lives with some form of disability. Accessibility ensures they can engage with your website.
    • Better SEO: Many accessibility improvements, like proper headings and alt text, also enhance search engine rankings.
    • Legal Compliance: Meeting accessibility standards helps protect your business from lawsuits and reputational damage.

    Conclusion

    It is far easier to create accessible JavaScript from the onset rather than trying to fix it as an afterthought if you are armed with the proper knowledge.

    Stay informed about evolving standards like WCAG and remain proactive in integrating accessibility into your development workflow. If you’re unsure if your JavaScript is accessible or are looking for an implementation partner who is focused on accessibility, reach out to 216digital using the contact form below.

    Greg McNeil

    January 17, 2025
    How-to Guides
    Accessibility, How-to, JavaScript, Web Accessibility, web developers, Website Accessibility
  • Web Accessibility Compliance Under the Equality Act

    Digital accessibility is about ensuring everyone can use your website—no exceptions. While most U.S. website owners focus on ADA compliance, a lesser-known yet impactful piece of legislation from across the pond is the Equality Act 2010. Let’s dive into how this U.K. law impacts your digital space and how you can make your website an inclusive haven for everyone.

    Understanding the Equality Act 2010

    The Equality Act 2010 is a U.K. law aimed at protecting individuals from discrimination in areas like employment, education, and access to services. It ensures equal opportunities for all, regardless of disability, age, gender, race, or religion.

    Although the Act doesn’t mention websites specifically, the “reasonable adjustments” principle applies to digital platforms. If you’re serving U.K. customers, ensuring everyone can navigate your site is your obligation.

    How Does the Equality Act Apply to Web Accessibility?

    Reasonable adjustments under the Equality Act could look like:

    • Screen reader-friendly navigation: Help visually impaired users navigate through your site.
    • Color contrast that pops: Make text stand out for those with visual challenges.
    • Captions and transcripts: Add these to videos and audio files for hearing-impaired users.
    • Keyboard navigation: Ensure people who can’t use a mouse can still explore every corner of your site.

    Failing to meet these expectations could result in legal trouble. Plus, it’s likely to leave users frustrated.

    Why Should U.S. Website Owners Care?

    The internet has no borders. You’re in the Equality Act’s jurisdiction if your website gets U.K. visitors. Accessibility isn’t just about avoiding lawsuits. It’s about:

    • Expanding your audience: More accessibility means more customers.
    • Boosting your brand: Inclusivity is a good look for any business.
    • Improving user experience: Accessible sites work better for everyone. Think faster loading and easier navigation.

    Steps to Achieve Web Accessibility Compliance

    1. Adopt WCAG Standards

    Start with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1 AA or WCAG 2.2). Key highlights include:

    • Text alternatives: Describe images for screen readers.
    • Adaptable layouts: Ensure your site looks great on all screen sizes.
    • Color contrast: Make text legible against its background.
    • Keyboard navigation: Interact with all the elements on your site without requiring a mouse.

    2. Conduct an Accessibility Audit

    Run your site through tools like WAVE or Google Lighthouse to spot barriers. Pair this with manual testing—real users with disabilities will catch things that machines miss. Pay extra attention to:

    • Navigation menus (don’t let these turn into a digital labyrinth).
    • Forms and fields (labels and instructions should be crystal clear).
    • Media files (videos need captions, images need alt text).

    3. Implement Inclusive Design Practices

    Accessibility isn’t a retrofit—it’s part of the blueprint. Here’s how:

    • Use readable fonts and scalable text sizes.
    • Structure content with clear headings.
    • Make buttons big enough to click without precision aiming.

    4. Train Your Team

    Your developers and designers are the architects of accessibility. Offer training so they can:

    • Write stellar alt text. No “image.jpg” placeholders!
    • Test new features for accessibility.
    • Create forms and tables that work for everyone.

    5. Monitor and Update Regularly

    Web accessibility isn’t a one-and-done deal. Use tools like a11y.Radar for ongoing monitoring. Keep tweaking as tech evolves.

    Benefits of Web Accessibility

    Making your site accessible isn’t just a nice thing to do. It’s smart business. Here’s why:

    • Expand Your Audience: Capture the attention of millions of users with disabilities.
    • Boost SEO: Accessible sites rank better on Google.
    • Enhance User Experience: Accessibility features often make navigation a breeze for everyone.
    • Mitigate Legal Risks: Stay on the right side of the law while avoiding reputation hits.

    Common Pitfalls to Avoid

    • Relying Solely on Overlays: Widgets can lead to more barriers for visually impaired users and future litigation.
    • Ignoring Mobile Users: Accessibility applies to all devices.
    • Skipping User Testing: Automated tools miss the human touch.

    Take Action Today

    The Equality Act 2010 highlights the importance of inclusivity, even in the digital world. By embracing accessibility, you’re not just complying with laws—you’re inviting everyone to do business with you.

    Start by adopting WCAG standards, auditing your site, and building accessibility into your design process. Need help? Tools like a11y.Radar and expert resources can guide you every step of the way.

    Remember, making your website accessible isn’t just about obligation—it’s an opportunity to connect with a broader audience and create a truly welcoming online space.

    Kayla Laganiere

    January 14, 2025
    Legal Compliance
    Accessibility, Equality Act, International Accessibility Laws, WCAG, Web Accessibility
  • WAVE Accessibility Tool: A Step-by-Step Guide

    Have you ever clicked on a website and felt completely lost—like the menus were in hidden corners, or the text was so tiny you had to squint? Sometimes, the root of that problem is an accessibility issue. Put simply, a site might not be built in a way that everyone can use comfortably. That’s where WAVE comes in. WAVE (short for Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool) helps detect areas on your website with barriers and provides you with tips on how to fix them. It’s free, easy to use, and super handy for making sure your site works for everyone. 

    If you’ve never heard of WAVE or used it before, don’t worry—you’re not alone! In this guide, we’ll break it down step by step and show you how it can make your website better, clearer, and more user-friendly. Let’s dive in!

    What Is the WAVE Accessibility Tool?

    So, what exactly is WAVE? Created by WebAIM, this free tool looks for possible problems on any webpage and points them out. Think of it like a traffic light system for your site’s accessibility. If there’s a red light, it means an issue needs immediate attention—like missing text descriptions for images (which can be a big deal for screen reader users). If something’s in yellow, it could be a warning sign that may or may not become a problem.

    But what makes WAVE so remarkable is its visual approach: it marks up your page with icons and colored boxes so you can spot issues right where they happen. It also highlights structural elements—like headings, landmarks, and ARIA attributes—to ensure your website is logically organized and easy to navigate. No more digging through code and guessing what went wrong. Just click, glance, and fix!

    Key Features of WAVE Accessibility Tools

    Browser Extensions

    If you’re a fan of quick-and-easy solutions (who isn’t?), you’ll love WAVE browser extensions. You can add them to Chrome or Firefox with just a few clicks. Once that’s done, go to any webpage, hit the WAVE icon in your toolbar, and boom—you get an instant report without switching tabs. It’s perfect for those of us who like minimal fuss.

    Online WAVE Tool

    If extensions aren’t your thing or you’re using a borrowed computer, don’t worry. WAVE also has an online tool. All you have to do is visit the WAVE website, copy the link to the page you want to test and paste it. Within seconds, you get a full-page view loaded with accessibility markers. This approach keeps you flexible, especially if you switch devices a lot.

    Visual Feedback

    One of the best parts of WAVE is how it breaks down what might be going wrong. Errors, warnings, and even things that are working just fine each get their own unique symbols. You’ll see icons, colors, and outlines placed directly on top of the webpage elements. This visual overlay system helps you zero in on issues (like missing alt text or poor contrast ratios) more quickly than poring over raw code.

    Accessibility Panels

    After WAVE loads your page, you can explore different panels to learn more:

    • Summary Panel: This shows you how many errors, alerts, and features were found.
    • Structure Panel: Gives you a rundown of your headings, lists, and how the page is organized. This is super helpful for seeing whether screen readers will read your page in a logical order.
    • Details Panel: Goes deeper by explaining each issue and how to fix it. If you’re the type of person who likes step-by-step instructions, you’ll feel right at home here.

    How to Use WAVE Effectively

    Getting Started

    First things first: pick your favorite way to use WAVE. If you like convenience, grab the Chrome or Firefox extension. If you’d rather not install anything, head straight to the online WAVE site. From there, it’s as simple as entering your page’s URL. Once you see your page covered with icons, you’ll know you’re in business.

    Running an Analysis

    When you launch WAVE, it basically scans the webpage in front of you and marks all the potential issues. Think of it like a helpful friend pointing out the spinach in your teeth—except here, it’s pointing out an image without alt text or headings that aren’t in the right order. You might see red icons (these are errors), yellow icons (warnings), or other symbols that highlight good features, too. Scroll down to make sure you don’t miss any marks hiding at the bottom of the page.

    Interpreting Results

    Getting an A+ in accessibility can feel like unlocking a secret achievement! But sometimes, your first scan with WAVE might bring up a list of errors longer than you’d hoped. Don’t panic. Errors typically mean your site is missing something important, like proper labels for form fields or headings that make sense. Warnings, on the other hand, are more like gentle taps on the shoulder, suggesting a potential issue.

    You’ll also see that WAVE links these issues to specific guidelines from the WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines). That might sound fancy, but it basically helps you follow official rules, so you’re not just guessing how to fix stuff.

    Prioritizing Fixes

    So, you’ve got a bunch of red and yellow icons—where do you even start? Focus on the red ones first (the errors). Fix things like missing alt text or form labels right away since those directly affect how people access and use your content. Next, tackle the warnings. You might spot patterns, like repeated heading problems across several pages. Fixing them in one swoop can save you a lot of time.

    Exporting and Sharing Results

    If you’re part of a team, you’ll probably want to show your coworkers what needs fixing. WAVE makes this easy—there’s an option to export the report or share a link to the scanned page. This can be a lifesaver when you need to prove to a manager that certain design choices might be causing trouble for users. Plus, it keeps everyone on the same page—literally!

    Strengths and Limitations of WAVE

    WAVE is user-friendly, offers quick visual feedback, and gives both beginners and experienced developers something to love. It’s like having a built-in teacher who highlights mistakes and nudges you toward the right answers.

    What It Does Well

    • Highlights errors and warnings right on the page.
    • Teaches you about accessibility by explaining each issue.
    • Checks for essential elements like color contrast, heading hierarchy, and ARIA attributes.
    • It works within your browser or online, so no extra files are needed.

    Where It Falls Short

    • Single-Page Focus: WAVE is excellent for testing one page at a time but isn’t designed to crawl an entire site in one go.
    • Scope of Automation: Automated checks can’t evaluate everything—like the clarity of your alt text or how user-friendly your navigation is. Manual testing is still essential, especially for things like complex JavaScript interactions.
    • Not a Magic Fix: WAVE won’t fix issues for you—it only shows you what to work on. Consider it a trusty sidekick, not a fully automated superhero.

    Best Practices for Using WAVE

    Combine with Other Tools

    While WAVE is incredible, consider also using tools like Google Lighthouse or Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar). The more eyes on your site, the better.

    Manual Testing Matters

    Automated tools can catch a lot of problems, but human testing can uncover hidden barriers—like confusing navigation menus or unclear copy. Think of WAVE as your first line of defense, not the only line.

    Train Your Team

    If you’re not the only one updating the website, make sure others know how to read and understand WAVE reports. Accessibility is more manageable when everybody’s on board.

    Start Early

    Don’t wait until your site goes live to test for accessibility. Use WAVE during the design phase so you can catch significant issues before they become big headaches.

    Make It Part of a Bigger Strategy

    Use WAVE as the baseline for your accessibility plan. Re-run tests after making changes and encourage feedback from real users. Over time, you’ll build a more inclusive experience.

    That’s a Wrap: Waving Goodbye to Barriers

    Making your site accessible is really about welcoming everyone—whether they use screen readers, need larger text, or want a smoother experience. WAVE takes the guesswork out of finding those hidden roadblocks. It shows you exactly where to focus your efforts, helping you make fast progress toward a more inclusive website.

    As powerful as WAVE is, remember that it’s only one piece of the puzzle. Combining WAVE’s insights with manual testing, user feedback, and other evaluation tools like Axe or Lighthouse will give you a well-rounded approach to accessibility. Over time, you’ll find that accessibility isn’t just about rules and standards—it’s about caring for the people visiting your site. Happy scanning, and may your website become a place where everyone feels right at home!

    Greg McNeil

    January 13, 2025
    Testing & Remediation, Web Accessibility Monitoring
    Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, WAVE, Web Accessibility
  • The EAA Lands in June

    The European Accessibility Act (EAA) is set to shake things up for businesses operating in the European market. Starting in June 2025, the EAA will require companies to meet strict accessibility standards for websites, mobile apps, and digital products. If you’re working in or serving customers in the European Union (EU), this isn’t just about meeting requirements—it’s a chance to grow your reach and create better digital experiences for everyone.

    Let’s dive into what the EAA is all about, why it matters, and how you can get ready for this significant change.

    What is the European Accessibility Act?

    The EAA is a groundbreaking law aimed at ensuring equal access to products and services across the European Union. Enforced by individual EU member states, it applies to a wide range of digital and physical products, including websites, mobile apps, software, and e-commerce platforms. The primary goal of the EAA is to eliminate barriers for people with disabilities and promote inclusivity and equal participation in society.

    The EAA establishes clear accessibility requirements for businesses operating within the EU and harmonizes standards across member states. This ensures consistent accessibility efforts while simplifying compliance for companies working across the EU. For online businesses, compliance is guided by EN 301 549, the technical standard that serves as the foundation for meeting EAA requirements.

    Scope of the EAA

    The EAA’s web accessibility covers a broad range of applications such as:

    • Websites and mobile apps
    • E-books and online publications
    • ATMs, ticketing, and check-in machines
    • E-commerce platforms

    EN 301 549: The Technical Backbone of the EAA

    At the heart of the EAA’s web compliance is EN 301 549, a technical standard based on W3C’s Web Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). These standards provide a clear framework for ensuring accessibility in websites, software, mobile apps, and other ICT products. By following WCAG 2.1 AA guidelines, companies can make their digital content usable by individuals with visual, auditory, cognitive, or motor impairments.

    Suppose your e-commerce site, cloud software, SaaS platforms, or mobile apps already meet WCAG 2.1 AA requirements. In that case, they likely comply with EN 301 549—and, by extension, the EAA.

    Are There Any Exceptions to EAA Compliance?

    Although the EAA imposes strict accessibility standards, it recognizes that achieving complete compliance may sometimes be impractical. Under the “Disproportionate Burden Clause,” organizations can request exceptions if they show that meeting the requirements would impose an undue hardship. However, this doesn’t serve as a blanket exemption—companies must provide thorough documentation and clear justification for why they cannot reasonably comply. Even when an exception is granted, they are still expected to take every feasible step to maximize accessibility.

    Why the EAA Matters

    The EAA’s focus on accessibility marks a significant step forward in creating an inclusive digital environment across the EU. For businesses, compliance isn’t just a legal requirement; it’s an opportunity to reach a broader audience and demonstrate a commitment to inclusivity. As the EAA reshapes the accessibility landscape, it’s time to evaluate your products and services to ensure they’re ready to meet the new standard.

    Here’s why it matters:

    It’s Legally Required

    The EAA is not just a guideline; it’s enforceable legislation that comes into effect in June 2025. Businesses that fail to comply could face fines, legal consequences, and even damage to their reputation. Taking action early gives you ample time to address challenges and ensure your digital products meet the required standards without unnecessary stress.

    Reach a Larger Audience

    Over one billion people worldwide live with disabilities, representing a significant—yet often underserved—consumer base. Of these, more than 135 million are in the EU, constituting a substantial market segment businesses cannot ignore. Making digital services accessible fulfills a critical need and demonstrates your brand’s commitment to inclusivity and respect for diverse audiences.

    For U.S. businesses operating in the EU, compliance with EN 301 549 ensures alignment with the EAA’s requirements, preventing legal and reputational risks.

    Better User Experience for Everyone

    Accessibility improvements don’t just benefit people with disabilities; they enhance usability for all users. Features like simplified navigation, larger text options, and better color contrast make digital platforms easier for everyone. These changes lead to more satisfied customers and improved engagement.

    Boost SEO and Discoverability

    Accessibility isn’t just about compliance; it’s also a strategic way to improve your online presence. By following EN 301 549 and WCAG 2.1 AA standards, your website becomes more search engine-friendly, with features like descriptive alt text, clean navigation, and clear content structure. These enhancements make it easier for search engines to index your site, improving rankings and visibility. Embracing accessibility ensures your digital content is discoverable by a broader audience while meeting the compliance standards of the EAA.

    How to Prepare for the EAA

    Preparing for the EAA might seem overwhelming at first, but tackling it step by step makes the process manageable. Here’s how to get started:

    • Audit Your Digital Accessibility: Evaluate your digital products and services against EN 301 549 and WCAG 2.1 AA guidelines. Use tools or hire experts to identify any accessibility gaps.
    • Fix What Needs Fixing: Once you’ve pinpointed the issues, prioritize fixes like:
      • Adding alt text to images
      • Ensuring keyboard navigation works seamlessly
      • Improving color contrast
      • Testing for mobile responsiveness
    • Train Your Team: Accessibility isn’t a one-time project—it’s an ongoing effort. Train your team on accessibility basics, like creating user-friendly designs, writing clear content, and following coding best practices.
    • Use Accessible Tools: Make sure your design and development tools have built-in accessibility features. These tools can catch common issues early and save you time.
    • Work with Accessibility Pros: If accessibility isn’t your area of expertise, partner with professionals specializing in it. They can guide you through audits, fixes, and long-term compliance strategies.
    • Keep an Eye on Accessibility: Accessibility needs regular maintenance. Review your digital products often, especially when you update or add new features, to make sure everything stays compliant.

    Overlays: The Quick Fix That Falls Short

    Many businesses are attracted to accessibility overlays—automated tools that promise instant compliance. However, as the European Commission noted in 2023, “Claims that a website can be made fully compliant without manual intervention are unrealistic.” 

    While overlays may tackle surface-level issues, such as adding alt text or color contrast adjustments, they often fail to address deeper, more complex accessibility challenges like proper keyboard navigation, dynamic content handling, or compatibility with assistive technologies. These limitations mean overlays can leave users with disabilities frustrated and websites at risk of non-compliance. Real accessibility demands both automated solutions and hands-on human expertise.

    The Upside of Accessibility

    Meeting the EAA’s requirements isn’t just about avoiding fines. It’s an opportunity to:

    • Boost Your Brand: An accessible business is seen as inclusive and forward-thinking.
    • Build Customer Loyalty: People appreciate companies that make an effort to include everyone.
    • Be Ready for the Future: As accessibility expectations grow, being ahead of the curve will pay off.
    • Expand Your Market: Serving more people means more potential customers and growth.

    Don’t Wait: Turn Accessibility into an Advantage

    The European Accessibility Act is a big deal, but it’s also a chance to improve your business in meaningful ways. The June 2025 deadline might seem far off, but it’ll be here before you know it. Waiting until the last minute could lead to rushed fixes, higher costs, and unnecessary stress. Starting now ensures you have time to make thoughtful, lasting improvements.

    By aligning with EN 301 549 and integrating accessibility into your workflows, you’ll not only meet the EAA’s standards but also create better experiences for your customers. Embracing accessibility can boost your brand, build customer loyalty, and expand your market while positioning your business as inclusive and forward-thinking.

    Take the first step today by scheduling an ADA briefing with 216digital. Our experts can guide you through compliance, helping you stay ahead of the curve and turn accessibility into a strategic advantage.

    Greg McNeil

    January 10, 2025
    Legal Compliance
    Accessibility, EAA, European Accessibility Act, International Accessibility Laws, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
  • Email Accessibility: Why It Matters for Your Marketing

    Did you know that many marketing emails are nearly impossible for some people to read? It’s true! People with disabilities, especially those who use screen readers, often struggle with text that isn’t coded properly or images that don’t have any descriptions. The good news is that email accessibility is simpler than you might think. In this article, we’ll explore why emails can be hard to read for people with disabilities, why you should care, and how you can start making changes today. Let’s dive in!

    Why Accessibility in Emails Matters

    You might be wondering, “Why should I think about email accessibility?” There are two big reasons:

    1. Reach More Readers: Accessibility helps you connect with a larger audience, which means more potential customers.
    2. It’s the Right Thing to Do: Many people rely on screen readers or special settings to read their messages, and they deserve the same great experience as everyone else.

    Plus, consider this: There are about 61 million adults in the United States alone who have disabilities, and over one million of them are blind. Emails that aren’t accessible can stop them from reading newsletters, buying products, or joining your events. By focusing on accessibility, you’re ensuring everyone can connect with you.

    The Business Case for Accessible Emails

    You might ask, “Why should I spend my time on email accessibility?” Here are three compelling reasons:

    1. Stay Legally Compliant: Laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) may apply to online communication. Staying compliant avoids potential legal issues.
    2. Expand Your Audience: People with disabilities make up a significant group. Including them ensures your message reaches more people.
    3. Improve Content for Everyone: Accessible content benefits all users. For example, larger fonts are easier on the eyes, and descriptive link text helps people skimming emails on their phones.

    In short, email accessibility isn’t just nice to have — it’s a smart move that can boost your brand and prevent legal headaches.

    Why Marketing Emails Tend To Be Inaccessible

    Let’s be honest: emails can be tricky. Here’s why:

    • They Rely on Tables for Layout: Modern web pages use advanced CSS layouts, but many email clients don’t support them. This forces developers to use tables, which can confuse screen readers if not coded correctly.
    • Limited Support for Buttons: Real <button> elements often aren’t supported. Replacing buttons with images can create accessibility issues if the images lack descriptions.
    • Drag-and-Drop Tools Aren’t Perfect: Email builders like Mailchimp or HubSpot can generate messy or incomplete HTML code, leading to hidden accessibility problems.

    These challenges make email accessibility tricky, but don’t worry. With a few simple steps, you can overcome these issues.

    Building an Accessibility Checklist for Emails

    Here’s a simple checklist to help you make your emails more accessible:

    Template Setup (One-Time Fixes)

    1. Add role=”presentation” to Tables: This attribute tells screen readers to ignore table structure, reducing confusion.
    2. Underline Inline Links: Don’t rely on color alone to indicate links. Use underlines to make them easily identifiable.
    3. Avoid Using One Big Image as Your Email: Screen readers can’t interpret a single large image. If images are disabled, subscribers will see an empty box instead of your content.

    Campaign-Level Fixes

    1. Add Alt Text to Every Image: Alt text provides descriptions for images. Keep it brief but clear (e.g., “Model wearing a red winter jacket”).
    2. Use Semantic HTML Elements: Use <h1> for main headings, <h2> for subheadings, and <p> for paragraphs to help screen readers understand content structure.
    3. Use Descriptive Links: Replace vague link text like “Click Here” with “View our winter jackets” to provide context.

    Testing and QA for Your Accessible Emails

    How can you ensure your emails are accessible? Test them!

    Manual Testing

    Use free screen readers like NVDA (Windows) or VoiceOver (Mac) to hear how your email sounds. Listening to your email read aloud is a great way to catch problems.

    Automated Testing Tools

    Use tools like Google Lighthouse or WAVE to scan your email’s web version for issues. Publish a temporary version, get the URL, and analyze it for errors.

    A/B Testing

    Test different versions of your accessible emails to see what resonates best with your audience. Compare engagement metrics to measure the impact of accessibility.

    Accessibility Best Practices for Email Design

    Here are additional tips for email accessibility:

    1. Make It Mobile-Friendly: Ensure text, buttons, and layouts work well on smaller screens.
    2. Choose Readable Fonts and Colors: Use high contrast (e.g., black text on a white background) and avoid tiny fonts.
    3. Avoid Flashing or Moving Text: Fast-moving elements can be challenging for some users. Use animation sparingly.

    Encouraging a Culture of Accessibility

    Once you start focusing on accessibility, share your knowledge with your team:

    1. Offer Mini-Trainings: Show marketing and design teams how to add alt text or check code for issues.
    2. Collaborate with Developers: Work with your development team to address tricky code problems.
    3. Celebrate Wins: Highlight successful accessible campaigns during team meetings to encourage continued focus.

    Conclusion

    Email accessibility matters because it helps people with disabilities, grows your audience, and enhances your brand’s reputation. The best part? It doesn’t have to be complicated. With simple steps like adding alt text, using descriptive links, and making your designs mobile-friendly, you can create emails that everyone can enjoy.

    Take a moment to review your next email draft. Is there alt text? Are links descriptive? Are fonts readable? If so, you’re already ahead of many marketers. Keep going, and soon accessibility will become a natural part of your email marketing process, benefiting both your audience and your brand

    Greg McNeil

    January 3, 2025
    How-to Guides, The Benefits of Web Accessibility
    Accessibility, email accessibility, How-to, Web Accessibility, web developers
  • Accessibility in 2025: Why Web Accessibility Can’t Wait

    These days, the internet is part of almost everything we do. Whether you’re shopping, learning, or connecting, the web matters. But what happens when some people can’t access your website in 2025? If your site isn’t built for everyone, think about the message that it sends.

    In 2025, ignoring accessibility isn’t just risky—it’s neglectful. It can also lead to hefty legal issues. How many possible customers are you losing because your site doesn’t work for them? And how much would a lawsuit cost, both financially and in lost reputation? Accessibility isn’t just another box to check. It’s a responsibility we all share. If you’re still waiting to act, ask yourself: why the delay?

    Evolving Accessibility Standards in 2025

    Web accessibility has come a long way. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) from W3C offer a reliable framework. These guidelines cover how to make digital spaces work for everyone, including people with disabilities.

    By 2025, updates like WCAG 2.2 and the emerging WCAG 3.0 raise the bar further. These updates include new mobile standards, improved focus indicators, and better support for cognitive disabilities. By following these evolving standards, you’ll build a site that truly serves every user.

    Government Enforcement and Legal Implications

    Governments around the world are getting stricter about accessibility. In the U.S., Title II of the ADA now places stronger requirements on public entities. These rules will roll out in April 2026 and 2027, creating clear deadlines for compliance.

    Meanwhile, the European Accessibility Act (EAA) takes full effect by June 28, 2025. This law applies to public institutions and private businesses, including e-commerce and financial services. Non-compliance could land you in legal trouble and damage your reputation. Adapting to these rules isn’t just about avoiding fines—it’s about making sure everyone can use what you offer.

    Accessibility as a Business Imperative

    Many businesses don’t realize how much accessibility can affect their bottom line. The truth is that investing in accessibility is a wise move.

    Legal Implications

    By 2025, lawsuits about inaccessible websites are becoming more common. In 2024 alone, there were over 4,000 ADA lawsuits in the U.S. That number highlights a growing push for compliance. One unfortunate trend is “copycat” lawsuits, where 41% of 2024’s cases targeted businesses with previous noncompliance.

    Settlements can run anywhere from $10,000 to $100,000, not counting legal fees. Worse still, your public image may take a hit that’s hard to fix. Courts have made it plain: websites must be accessible. If you ignore these requirements, you could be facing big legal bills and a tarnished reputation.

    Market Potential in 2025

    Accessibility isn’t just about avoiding risks. It also opens the door to millions of new customers. About 15% of the world’s population has some form of disability. Add older adults who benefit from clear, easy-to-use sites, and you’ve got an even bigger market.

    In the U.S. alone, people over 50 drive more than $8 trillion in economic activity each year, according to AARP. That’s huge, and it’s only growing as our population ages. Making your site accessible also boosts SEO and discoverability. This helps everyone, not just those with specific disabilities.

    Competitive Advantage

    If two companies offer the same service, but one has a user-friendly website, guess who wins? Accessibility sets you apart. It shows you respect and value every customer, building trust in your brand. In 2025, that might be the difference between thriving and floundering.

    An accessible site also signals that your brand is forward-thinking and inclusive. Many customers care about companies that “walk the talk” on social issues. By putting accessibility first, you position yourself as an industry leader.

    Challenges and Misconceptions

    Some organizations stall on accessibility because they think it’s too pricey or too complicated. Others believe quick fixes, like overlays, will solve everything. These myths can hold your business back.

    The Myth of Overlays

    Overlays promise one-click solutions, but they often cause more harm than good. They can break your website’s functionality or confuse users of assistive technologies. Sometimes, they even block screen readers or tangle up navigation.

    They also don’t meet many legal requirements, leaving you open to lawsuits. True accessibility needs mindful design, thorough testing, and a commitment to ongoing improvements—no shortcuts allowed.

    For more information on the harm of screen overlays, check out the Overlay Fact Sheet. 

    Fear of Cost

    Yes, accessibility takes time and resources. But it doesn’t have to ruin your budget. Start small by fixing the biggest barriers on your site. Simple changes—like adding alt text or improving color contrast—can make a huge impact.

    In the U.S., businesses can also use the Disabled Access Credit for accessibility expenses. Over time, small steps lead to big changes. You’ll build a more inclusive online presence and reduce the risk of costly legal battles.

    The Role of Technology in Accessibility

    Fortunately, technology is making accessibility easier. In 2025, AI-driven tools can help identify issues quickly. Popular tests, like Google Lighthouse or WAVE, flag areas that need improvement.

    Assistive technologies are also evolving. Screen readers and voice recognition software are getting smarter. However, technology alone can’t solve everything. You must understand your users and design with their needs in mind. That human-centered approach makes your website better for all.

    Practical Steps to Get Started in 2025

    Worried your website isn’t accessible yet? Don’t panic. You can start today:

    1. Conduct an Audit: Use tools like Google Lighthouse or hire an expert to identify issues on your site.
    2. Fix High-Impact Problems: Start with basics like adding alt text, improving keyboard navigation, and fixing color contrast.
    3. Build Accessibility Into Your Workflow: Make accessibility a part of every project, from design to development.
    4. Seek Help When Needed: Partner with accessibility experts to guide your efforts and ensure long-term success.

    Maintain and Monitor Accessibility

    Remember, accessibility is a journey, not a one-time fix. Keep track of updates and new content to ensure they don’t add barriers—tools like Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar) help you watch your site’s accessibility over time. By staying proactive, you’ll keep your site usable for everyone.

    Looking Ahead: The Future of Accessibility

    In 2025, you can’t afford to ignore accessibility. It’s crucial for growth, legal compliance, and being a decent digital citizen. When you make your site accessible, you open your business to more customers, strengthen your brand, and help create a fairer online world.

    Don’t wait for a lawsuit or a complaint to spur action. Start now. Conduct an audit, fix any issues you find, and commit to continuous improvement. If you need help, companies like 216digital are ready to guide you. Together, let’s build a web that works for everyone.

    Greg McNeil

    January 2, 2025
    The Benefits of Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility Remediation
    2025, Accessibility, ADA Compliance, New Year's Resolution, Web Accessibility
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