WCAG Compliance Archives- Page 2 of 4/Category

WCAG 2.1 and 2.2 Level AA Compliance Checklist
Making a website that works well for all visitors is very important. Whether people are using a screen reader, a keyboard instead of a mouse, or just browsing on a small phone, they should be able to enjoy your site without trouble. That’s where guidelines like WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2 come into play. They help you figure out how to design and develop your website to be welcoming to everyone. This post will explore why these standards matter and provide a handy checklist to help you meet Level AA compliance.

What Are WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2?

WCAG stands for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. These guidelines are created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), a group that works to improve the Internet. The goal is to help developers, designers, and website owners make web pages that people of all abilities can use.
- WCAG 2.1 focuses on areas like mobile accessibility, helping people with low vision, and simplifying things for those with cognitive or learning differences.
- WCAG 2.2 builds on 2.1, adding more ways to ensure websites are user-friendly across various assistive tools and devices.
When you aim for Level AA under these guidelines, you cover a wide range of barriers that many people face online. This level is a popular target because it helps most users get a smooth experience while staying realistic in terms of time and cost for website owners.

Why Accessibility Is Key

In the United States, many people look for websites they can use easily, even if they have different skills or use different devices. By following WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2, you’re making sure your site can be seen, understood, and operated by everyone who lands on your pages. These guidelines improve the overall usability of your site, which can lead to happier visitors, more return traffic, and a stronger online presence.

Some people think accessibility features only help those with disabilities, but that isn’t the full story. For example, captions on videos help viewers in noisy places, and clear headings make pages easier to scan for everyone. In other words, these improvements can boost your site’s performance for all visitors, not just a few.

The Four Principles of WCAG

Both WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2 focus on four main principles, often known as POUR:

Perceivable

People should be able to sense and process the information on your site. This includes making text large enough to read and providing text alternatives for images or audio.

Operable

Your site should be easy to interact with. This means visitors can use a keyboard instead of a mouse or stop and pause moving content if they need more time.

Understandable

Content should be simple to read and organized in a clear way. Consistent layouts and obvious labels help people find what they’re looking for.

Robust

A robust site works well across different devices and assistive technologies. Proper HTML structure and well-labeled elements are examples of ways to keep your site solid and flexible.

A Checklist for WCAG 2.1 and 2.2 Level AA Compliance

Below is a practical checklist to guide you. This list is not exhaustive, but it covers many key points to keep in mind when aiming for WCAG 2.2 Level AA.

1. Perceivable
1. Text Alternatives for Media
  - Add alt text to images that share important information. This lets screen readers describe images to users who can’t see them.
  - Provide transcripts or captions for audio and video content so people who are deaf or hard of hearing can follow along.
2. Color Contrast and Text Size
  - Ensure your text stands out against the background. A ratio of at least 4.5:1 is recommended for normal text and 3:1 for larger text.
  - Make sure text can be resized up to 200% without losing functionality or clarity.
3. Responsive and Flexible Layout
  - Design pages to work well on phones, tablets, and desktop screens.
  - Don’t rely on just color to convey meaning. For example, if you have error messages in red, also include an icon or text label that says “Error.”
2. Operable
1. Keyboard Navigation
  - Test your site using only a keyboard. You should be able to reach every link, button, and form field.
  - Make sure there are no “keyboard traps” where you can’t move forward or backward in a form or menu.
2. Focus Indicators
  - Provide a visible outline or highlight for the element in focus. This helps users see where they are on the page as they tab through it.
3. Timing and Movement Controls
  - If your site has slideshows, videos, or any moving parts, allow users to pause or stop them. This is especially important for people who need more time to read or interact.
4. Bypass Blocks
  - Include a “Skip to main content” link so users don’t have to tab through large menus every time.
  - Break your site into clear sections with headings or landmarks.
3. Understandable
1. Clear, Simple Language
  - Aim for short sentences and paragraphs. Organize content with headings, bullet points, or numbered lists.
  - Provide definitions or explanations for any unusual terms or abbreviations.
2. Consistent Navigation
  - Keep your menu and site structure similar across all pages. A consistent layout helps visitors learn and predict where things are.
3. Helpful Error Messages
  - If a visitor makes an error on a form (like entering an invalid email), explain the problem and how they can fix it.
  - Use clear wording for buttons. For example, instead of “Submit,” try something like “Send Message” if that’s what’s happening.
4. Robust
1. Semantic HTML and ARIA
  - Use proper HTML tags like <h1> for main titles and <h2> for subheadings. This helps screen readers and other tools understand your content’s structure.
  - If you have dynamic content like pop-up menus, consider using ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) labels to clarify these features.
2. Test with Assistive Tools
  - Try out screen readers like NVDA (Windows) or VoiceOver (Mac) on your site.
  - Check how your site behaves with magnifiers or voice control software.
3. WCAG 2.2 Highlights
  - Accessible Authentication: Try using a password manager or simpler login methods so you won’t have to memorize codes every time you log in.
  - Target Size: Interactive elements, like buttons and links, should be large enough (at least 24×24 CSS pixels) to tap comfortably. This is especially crucial for mobile devices.
  - Drag-and-Drop Options: If your website uses drag-and-drop features, provide keyboard-friendly ways to do the same task.
Testing Your Site

Even if you follow all these guidelines, it’s wise to test your site thoroughly. Here are a few suggestions:
- Automated Scanners: Tools like WAVE and Lighthouse can point out possible issues and give you quick fixes.
- Manual Checks: Use your site with a keyboard to see if you can tab through elements correctly. Also, turn off your monitor or close your eyes and see if you can rely solely on a screen reader to navigate.
- User Feedback: Ask real users to test your site. They can share their experiences and spot issues you might have missed.
Making Accessibility Part of Your Routine

Accessibility can feel like a big job at first, but it becomes easier when you build it into your normal process. Start small by fixing one area at a time—maybe improve the color contrast first, then add captions to videos, and so on. As you learn more about WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2, you’ll discover that these changes often benefit everyone who uses your website.

Regularly updating and testing your site is also a good idea. Technology changes quickly, and new devices and browsers appear all the time. Staying up to date with best practices means your site will remain friendly and easy to use.

Conclusion

Following WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2 Level AA guidelines is a great way to make your website more welcoming. This checklist helps you cover the basics—like text alternatives, keyboard navigation, and clear instructions—but it’s just the beginning. As you keep learning and improving, you’ll find more ways to create a site that everyone can navigate and enjoy.

Whether you’re a small business owner, a blogger, or a large company, making an accessible website helps you connect with more people and makes every visitor feel welcome. Check out these WCAG 2.2 tips and see how they can transform your site into a space everyone can enjoy!
Greg McNeil

January 30, 2025

WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, WCAG, WCAG 2.1, WCAG 2.2, WCAG Compliance, WCAG conformance, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
What is WAI? Making the Web Accessible to Everyone
Have you ever thought about how your website works for people with disabilities? The internet is a fantastic resource, but not everyone experiences it in the same way. For some, barriers like visual, auditory, or motor impairments can turn navigating a website into a frustrating process. That’s where the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) comes in—an essential part of making the internet a place where everyone can connect, learn, and share, no matter their abilities.

Created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), WAI focuses on ensuring that websites, apps, and other online tools are accessible to people with disabilities. Let’s dive into what WAI does, why it matters, and how its guidelines, like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), help shape a better web for all.

The Role of WAI in Web Accessibility

At its core, WAI is all about creating a more inclusive internet. The initiative develops resources, guidelines, and standards to make sure digital content is accessible to everyone, including people who are blind, deaf, or have physical, cognitive, or neurological disabilities. By collaborating with governments, organizations, and companies around the globe, WAI helps shape a digital world where no one is left behind.

Why Accessibility Matters

Think about how much we rely on the internet for work, school, shopping, and staying connected. In fact, 28.7% of adults in the U.S. live with some form of disability, and an inaccessible website can be a significant barrier. If your site isn’t accessible, you’re unintentionally shutting out a large portion of the population.

By making your site accessible, you’re not just widening your audience—you’re also promoting fairness and inclusivity. Plus, accessible websites tend to be more user-friendly for everyone, which benefits all your visitors.

The Foundation of WCAG: Four Key Principles

One of WAI’s most significant contributions is WCAG—a roadmap for designing websites that work for everyone. These guidelines are built on four key principles, often summarized as POUR:

Perceivable

Make sure users can access the information on your site, regardless of how they interact with it. This includes adding text alternatives (alt text) to images for screen readers, providing captions for videos, and ensuring text is compatible with assistive technologies.

Operable

Your website must be easy to navigate and use. This means ensuring that all functions can be controlled with a keyboard or voice commands, and avoiding flashing content that could trigger seizures or other issues.

Understandable

Keep the content clear, consistent, and logical. Use plain language, label forms clearly, and offer helpful instructions. When websites are too complicated, it can frustrate users—especially those with cognitive disabilities.

Robust

Your site should work across various devices and assistive technologies, and it should remain usable as technology evolves. This future-proofing ensures that your accessibility efforts have a lasting impact.

WCAG Levels: Aiming for Level AA Compliance

WCAG has three levels of compliance: A (basic), AA (ideal for most businesses), and AAA (highest). For online businesses, meeting WCAG Level AA compliance is a practical, effective, and often legally required goal. At Level AA, you’ll address key accessibility requirements, like:
- Adding alt text for images and videos.
- Ensuring text can be resized without losing functionality.
- Providing sufficient color contrast for readability.
- Keeping navigation consistent and intuitive.
These measures aren’t just about ticking a compliance box—they create a better online experience for everyone, including older adults, people using assistive technology, or even those on mobile devices with slow internet connections.

How WAI Benefits Your Business

For online businesses, embracing the principles of WAI and WCAG isn’t just about doing the right thing—it’s also a smart move. Here’s why:
- Widen Your Audience: An accessible website reaches more users, including those with disabilities, older adults, and anyone relying on assistive tools.
- Boost Your SEO: Search engines often favor accessible sites, as features like alt text and clear headings make it easier to crawl and index your content.
- Avoid Legal Risks: In many regions, WCAG compliance is a legal requirement for public sector websites and a growing concern for private businesses facing accessibility lawsuits.
- Improve User Experience: Accessibility best practices, such as logical structure and user-friendly forms, make browsing more enjoyable for all visitors.
Getting Started with WAI’s Guidelines

If you’re a business owner, web developer, or content creator, you might feel overwhelmed about meeting accessibility standards. Fortunately, WAI offers plenty of resources to guide you. Here are some steps to get started:
1. Familiarize Yourself with WCAG: Review the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. Start with Level A compliance and work your way to Level AA.
2. Perform an Accessibility Audit: Use tools like Google Lighthouse or WAVE to check your website’s accessibility. These tools can identify issues like missing alt text, low color contrast, or navigation problems.
3. Make Small, Impactful Changes: Begin by addressing the most critical issues. For example, ensure your site allows for keyboard navigation, add captions to videos, and improve text readability.
4. Test with Real Users: Involve people with disabilities in testing your website. Their feedback is invaluable in spotting challenges and ensuring your site is truly accessible.
WAI’s Global Impact

WAI’s influence extends beyond individual businesses or websites, playing a critical role in setting international standards for web accessibility. Governments, educational institutions, and organizations worldwide often adopt WCAG as a benchmark for their digital content. This widespread adoption underscores how vital accessibility is to creating an inclusive online environment.

By providing clear, actionable guidelines, WAI empowers developers and designers to create websites that serve the needs of a diverse audience—no matter their abilities.

Why Accessibility is Everyone’s Responsibility

WAI’s work reminds us that accessibility isn’t just a technical requirement—it’s about fairness, equality, and opening doors for everyone. When you make your website accessible, you’re contributing to a world where people of all abilities have the same opportunities to participate, learn, work, and thrive online.

A Better Web for All

The Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) is more than just a set of rules—it’s a movement to create a web that works for everyone. With its tools and guidelines, WAI helps businesses and developers make digital spaces inclusive and user-friendly. From the foundational principles of WCAG to the importance of meeting Level AA compliance, WAI’s contributions are shaping a more accessible internet.

If you’re building a website or running an online business, following WAI’s guidance is essential. By embracing accessibility, you’re opening the door to more customers, improving the user experience, and contributing to a more welcoming, equitable digital world.

Ready to make your website more accessible? Schedule a call with 216digital today for a briefing on how we can help you meet WAI standards and create a web experience that’s inclusive, compliant, and effective. Together, we can make your website a better place for everyone!
Greg McNeil

December 26, 2024

WCAG Compliance

POUR, W3C, WAI, Web Accessibility
Play Your Part: Role-Based Advice for Web Accessibility

When you first dive into web accessibility, it’s completely normal to feel a bit overwhelmed—there are so many things to consider. But making sure your website works for everyone isn’t just a one-time fix; it’s a group effort that involves every role on your team. Developers, designers, content creators, marketers, and website owners all contribute their own strengths and insights. When everyone’s efforts line up, you create a smooth, inclusive experience for all your users.

This guide is for teams who are already working on—or are fully committed to—improving their websites. It’s packed with practical, role-specific tips to help you approach accessibility in a way that’s both strategic and effective. Whether you’re refining your code, fine-tuning your visuals, crafting inclusive content, or ensuring your brand message is accessible, you’ll find helpful, targeted advice for your particular responsibilities. Together, these steps ensure your site meets the needs of every user while staying on top of WCAG compliance. Let’s jump in and see how each role plays a part in building a more accessible web.

Developers: Building the Accessible Foundation

Developers form the core of any website—they’re the ones who take an idea and turn it into a working reality. When it comes to WCAG compliance, the quality of your code truly matters. By following accessibility best practices from the get-go, you help guarantee that everyone can use your site, right from the start.

Practical Tips for Developers

Semantic HTML and Proper Structure

Use semantic HTML elements like <header>, <nav>, <main>, and <footer> to support screen readers and other assistive tech. Keep headings and landmarks organized, so users can navigate your site with ease.

Keyboard Navigation

Make sure all interactive elements—buttons, links, and form fields—work smoothly using just a keyboard. This isn’t just about meeting standards; it’s also a big help to people with motor impairments who can’t rely on a mouse.

ARIA Attributes

ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) attributes can add valuable context, but use them wisely. Overdoing it can confuse rather than help.

Robust Error Handling

Provide clear, accessible error messages and confirmations for form submissions. When users understand what went wrong and how to fix it, they’re more likely to stay engaged.

By building accessibility directly into your code, you set a strong foundation for WCAG compliance and create a reliable platform that benefits every other role on your team.

Graphic Designers: Creating Inclusive Visuals

Graphic designers can help shape accessibility by making sure the website’s visual elements are both attractive and functional. You don’t have to sacrifice creativity for inclusivity—instead, design with everyone’s needs in mind.

Practical Tips for Graphic Designers

Color Contrast

Ensure there’s enough contrast between text and background elements. Check your color choices against WCAG guidelines so people with low vision or color blindness can still see everything clearly.

Scalable Designs

Plan for responsive and scalable design. Users who rely on screen magnification should still see a layout that’s visually appealing and makes sense.

Accessible Icons and Imagery

Give icons and images proper alt text, and avoid using color alone to convey meaning. This helps users who depend on screen readers understand your site’s visuals.

Consistent Design Patterns

Reusable design elements and predictable navigation make it easier for everyone, including those with disabilities, to find their way around.

By focusing on inclusive visuals, you ensure the site looks great and works smoothly—even for those using assistive technologies—moving you one step closer to WCAG compliance.

Content Creators: Writing for All Audiences

Your words matter. As a content creator, it’s your job to make sure the text on your website is clear, easy to understand, and accessible to everyone. Inclusive content goes beyond grammar and style; it also means structuring your writing to support people with different abilities.

Practical Tips for Content Creators

Plain Language

Keep your language simple and direct. Steer clear of jargon or overly complex sentences so users of all backgrounds and reading levels can follow along.

Heading Hierarchies and Lists

Break content into logical sections with headings, bullet points, and numbered lists. Many users rely on these elements to “jump” between sections and navigate quickly.

Descriptive Links

Swap out vague phrases like “click here” for links that clearly describe the destination. This small change can make a huge difference in accessibility.

Closed Captions and Transcripts

For videos and podcasts, always provide captions and transcripts. This ensures that users who are deaf or hard of hearing don’t miss out on any information.

By considering everyone’s needs when writing content, you help make your site more engaging, accessible, and in line with WCAG standards.

Marketers: Promoting Accessibility as a Brand Value

Marketers bridge the gap between the company and its audience. When you emphasize accessibility in your messaging, you’re not just showing you meet the guidelines—you’re proving you care. Highlighting your commitment to WCAG compliance can foster trust, build loyalty, and boost your brand’s reputation.

Practical Tips for Marketers

Inclusive Messaging

Talk openly about your brand’s dedication to accessibility. Use language that’s positive, empathetic, and respectful, making it clear that you value inclusivity.

Transparent Policies

Publish your accessibility statements and share your ongoing efforts. This honesty reassures people with disabilities and shows your brand is serious about doing the right thing.

Social Media and Email Marketing

Ensure your emails, ads, and social posts are accessible, too. Add alt text to images, use clear language, and include descriptive hashtags so everyone can participate.

Continuous Feedback

Invite users to share their thoughts on your site’s accessibility. By listening and improving, you show that your commitment to WCAG compliance isn’t just talk.

When marketers celebrate their brand’s accessibility journey, they create a positive narrative that resonates with a wide, diverse audience and strengthens brand loyalty.

Website Owners: Setting the Vision and Investing in Ongoing Compliance

As a website owner, you’re the one steering the ship in terms of resources, priorities, and long-term strategy. Achieving WCAG compliance isn’t something you do once and forget—it’s a continuous process. Owners need to keep accessibility front and center, provide the right tools, and foster a culture that values inclusive design.

Practical Tips for Website Owners

Leadership and Accountability

Make accessibility a non-negotiable core value. By setting clear expectations and holding everyone accountable, you empower each team member to do their part.

Budget for Accessibility

Invest in accessibility tools, auditing services, and training. Recognize that these efforts aren’t just expenses—they add value, protect you from legal risks, and improve user experience.

Regular Audits and Updates

Accessibility changes over time. Stay on top of it by revisiting your site regularly and making improvements as standards and user needs evolve.

Team Training

Tap into resources like 216digital’s web accessibility training to give your team the skills they need. By training developers, designers, content creators, and marketers, you ensure everyone’s working together toward WCAG compliance.

By providing clear leadership and long-term support, you set the stage for ongoing success. Accessibility becomes everyone’s priority, not just another item on a checklist.

Collaboration and Continuous Improvement

The journey to WCAG compliance isn’t a straight line—it’s a continuous loop of learning, adapting, and improving. When each person on your team understands their unique role and how it fits into the bigger picture, the result is a cohesive, user-friendly experience that truly works for everyone.

This is where a comprehensive training resource like the one from 216digital comes in handy. By investing in accessibility training that’s tailored to each role, you make sure every team member feels confident and supported. Developers learn best practices for semantic code, designers refine their approach to inclusive visuals, content creators craft language everyone can understand, and marketers become champions of accessibility. As a website owner, you can rest easy knowing your entire team is dedicated to meeting and maintaining WCAG compliance.

Remember, accessibility isn’t a final destination—it’s an ongoing journey. Working together and following these role-specific tips will help you build sites that aren’t just legally compliant, but genuinely welcoming to every visitor. This approach enhances trust, expands your audience, and reinforces your brand’s good name.

Ready to take the next step? Schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital through the contact form below. Let’s join forces to create a web experience that’s truly inclusive for all.

Greg McNeil

December 19, 2024

WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, ADA Compliance, Graphic Designer, Marketer, Web Accessibility, web developers, Website Accessibility
Progress Over Perfection: Steps Toward Digital Accessibility
In today’s digital world, creating websites and content that are accessible to everyone should be a top priority. But let’s face it — making your website completely accessible for every single user can feel like an overwhelming task. That’s where the concept of “progress over perfection” comes into play.

Achieving digital accessibility isn’t a one-time fix. It’s an ongoing process of continuous improvement. If you aim for perfection from the start, you might get stuck, feel defeated, or even give up. But by focusing on making progress, even small steps, you can create a more inclusive online experience without the stress of reaching perfection right away.

Let’s break down how you can start building a sustainable approach to digital accessibility with the right mindset, tools, and strategies.

What Is Digital Accessibility?

Before we dive into the “progress over perfection” mindset, let’s quickly talk about what digital accessibility really means. Simply put, it’s about making sure that all users, regardless of their abilities or disabilities, can access and use your website, apps, or digital content easily.

This includes people who may be blind, deaf, have low vision, or have mobility challenges. It also covers people who have cognitive disabilities or those who just prefer to use assistive technology like screen readers, voice commands, or keyboard navigation.

Digital accessibility can seem like a huge task at first, but it’s not about doing everything perfectly. It’s about making consistent improvements to ensure your site is usable by as many people as possible.

The Problem with Perfectionism

When you aim for perfection, the goal can feel so far out of reach that it becomes paralyzing. This is especially true with digital accessibility, where there are lots of technical guidelines and standards (like WCAG – Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) to follow. While these standards are great for ensuring accessibility, focusing on every little detail can slow you down.

In reality, no website is perfect when it comes to accessibility. Users have different needs, and it’s impossible to design for every potential scenario at once. So, instead of feeling like you need to fix everything at the same time, shift your focus to continuous improvement. Every small step counts, and over time, those steps will add up to a more accessible and inclusive digital experience.

Why Focus on Progress?

The beauty of focusing on progress over perfection is that it’s achievable. It lets you start small, tackle the most pressing accessibility issues first, and then build on that foundation. As you implement changes, you’ll gradually improve the user experience, making it better for people with disabilities while also making your website more user-friendly for everyone.

Here are some reasons why progress over perfection is the way to go for sustainable digital accessibility:
1. You Don’t Get Stuck: Trying to achieve perfection can leave you frozen in place, unsure of where to start. By focusing on progress, you can tackle one problem at a time and move forward.
2. It’s More Manageable: Rather than trying to fix everything at once, breaking down accessibility work into smaller tasks makes it more manageable and less overwhelming.
3. You Can Build Momentum: When you make even small improvements, it creates a sense of accomplishment. This encourages you to keep making changes and adding new updates over time.
4. It’s Realistic: Perfection doesn’t exist when it comes to accessibility. There will always be more to improve, so aiming for progress keeps you focused on what matters.
Practical Tips for Achieving Digital Accessibility

Now that we understand the importance of progress, let’s talk about some practical steps you can take to make real improvements to your site. You don’t need to do everything at once, but here’s how you can start moving toward a more accessible website today:

Start with Low-Hanging Fruit

When you’re just getting started, it’s helpful to identify and address the “low-hanging fruit” — the quick wins that will make the biggest impact with the least amount of effort. These might include:
- Alt Text for Images: Add descriptive alt text to images so screen readers can convey the meaning of those images to users with visual impairments.
- Keyboard Navigation: Make sure that all interactive elements (like forms, buttons, and links) can be accessed using only a keyboard.
- Color Contrast: Ensure that text has enough contrast against the background so users with low vision can read it easily.
By making these changes, you’re addressing immediate barriers that can make a huge difference in how accessible your website is for many users.

Integrate Accessibility into Your Workflows

To create long-term sustainability, accessibility shouldn’t be something you do only once or twice. It needs to be built into your everyday workflow. Whether you’re designing a new page, creating content, or updating a feature, think about accessibility from the start.

Here are a few ways you can integrate accessibility into your routine:
- Involve Accessibility from the Beginning: If you’re working on a new website or a redesign, include accessibility from the very start of the project. This way, accessibility considerations become part of the foundation.
- Use Accessible Tools and Templates: Many website builders, content management systems (CMS), and templates have accessibility features built-in. Make sure you’re using those tools to save time and reduce errors.
- Educate Your Team: Make sure everyone involved in content creation and site maintenance understands basic accessibility principles.
Get Real Feedback from Users

One of the best ways to improve accessibility is to hear directly from users. Real people with disabilities can give you valuable insight into how they experience your website and where the barriers lie. This is far more effective than guessing or relying solely on automated testing tools.

You can:
- Conduct User Testing: Recruit users with various disabilities to test your site and provide feedback. This can help you uncover issues you might have missed.
- Engage with Your Audience: Ask for feedback through surveys or comments. Listen to your users, and if they point out areas for improvement, make a plan to address them.
Use Tools for Continuous Monitoring

To ensure your website stays accessible over time, use tools that can help you identify and fix problems as they arise. One such tool is a11y.Radar.

A11y.Radar continuously scans your website for accessibility issues and provides you with actionable reports. This allows you to stay on top of accessibility improvements without needing to manually review your entire site. With regular scans, you can catch issues early and keep your site in good shape.

It’s All About Consistent Improvement

Remember, the goal of digital accessibility isn’t to be perfect; it’s to be inclusive. Every improvement you make is a step toward creating a better, more accessible experience for all your users. By focusing on progress over perfection, you’ll keep moving forward without getting stuck in the weeds.

So, don’t be afraid to start small. Address the most pressing accessibility issues first, integrate accessibility into your workflows, engage with real users for feedback, and use tools to monitor your progress. Over time, you’ll create a website that’s not only accessible but sustainable in the long run — and that’s something to be proud of!

If you’re ready to take the next step in your accessibility journey, schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital. Our experts can help you create a sustainable, actionable plan for achieving digital accessibility while mitigating risk. Let’s move forward together!
Greg McNeil

December 9, 2024

Testing & Remediation, WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Website Compliance, Web Accessibility Remediation, web development, Website Accessibility
WCAG Tips Every Content Creator Should Know
When you’re creating content for the web, accessibility might not always be the first thing on your mind. You’re busy crafting engaging stories, writing catchy headlines, or finding the perfect image. But here’s the deal: ignoring accessibility can limit your audience and potentially land you in legal trouble. That’s where Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) comes in—and yes, it’s easier than you think.

Let’s break down what WCAG is, why it matters for content creators, and how you can make your content shine for everyone.

What is WCAG, and Why Should You Care?

WCAG stands for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, but don’t let the formal name intimidate you. These guidelines are essentially a roadmap for making websites, apps, and digital content usable for everyone—whether someone has a disability or not. Developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), WCAG focuses on four key principles: making content perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust (POUR). Think of it as a checklist to ensure your site is accessible to as many people as possible.

It’s all about ensuring that everyone, regardless of their abilities, can engage with your website. Sounds important, right? It is.

And it’s not just for developers! WCAG applies to everyone involved in building a website, including content creators. Accessible content expands your reach, enhances the user experience, boosts your site’s SEO, and helps you avoid potential legal pitfalls. In short, accessibility isn’t a chore—it’s a win-win.

The Benefits of Accessible Content

Expand Your Audience Reach

Did you know that 28.7% of adults in the U.S.—that’s over 61 million people—live with a disability? Globally, this number jumps to over 1 billion people, or 16% of the world’s population. Aligning your content with WCAG opens the door to a massive audience that often faces barriers online. Accessible content ensures these users can interact with your brand just as easily as anyone else.

Boost SEO

Accessible content improves your website’s visibility. For example, alternative text for images helps search engines understand your visuals, while properly structured headings and clear navigation improve crawlability. Research shows that websites meeting accessibility standards often rank higher in search engine results, giving you an edge over competitors who overlook these guidelines.

Enhance User Experience

Accessibility benefits everyone—not just those with disabilities. A study by Forrester Research found that improving user experience can increase conversion rates by up to 200%. Features like video captions, clear navigation, and legible fonts make it easier for users of all abilities to engage with your content.

Avoid Legal Risks

Lawsuits related to digital accessibility are on the rise. In the U.S., 4,605 web accessibility lawsuits were filed under the ADA in 2023—a nearly 13% increase from the previous year. Following WCAG not only protects your brand from potential litigation but also demonstrates your commitment to inclusivity.

Practical WCAG Tips for Content Creators

Making your content accessible doesn’t require a complete overhaul. Small, thoughtful changes can make a huge difference. Let’s dive into some practical tips for content creators, with expanded advice to make each step actionable.

Use Proper Headings

Headings aren’t just for organizing your thoughts—they’re essential for accessibility. Structured headings (H1, H2, H3, etc.) create a clear hierarchy that helps all users, including those using screen readers, navigate your content easily.
- Start with a single H1 as the main title of your page.
- Use H2 for main sections and H3 for subsections. Avoid skipping levels (e.g., going from H1 directly to H3).
- Write headings that are concise but descriptive. For example, “Tips for Accessible Content” is better than “Tips.”
Properly structured headings also improve SEO by signaling the importance of your content to search engines.

Add Alternative Text for Images

Alternative text (alt text) describes the content of an image for users who can’t see it. This helps screen reader users and also boosts SEO by making your images searchable.
- Be specific and relevant. Instead of “Picture of a cake,” use “A three-tiered chocolate cake with white icing and red roses.”
- Avoid saying “Image of” or “Picture of”—screen readers already indicate it’s an image.
- If an image is decorative and doesn’t convey critical information, use a null alt attribute (alt=" ") so screen readers can skip it.
Alt text should fit naturally into your content, adding context without overloading users with unnecessary details.

Color Contrast

Color contrast is vital for users with visual impairments, such as color blindness or low vision. Text that blends into the background is difficult to read, even for users without disabilities.
- Use a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 for regular text and 3:1 for large text (as per WCAG SC 1.4.3).
- Avoid using color alone to convey meaning. For instance, instead of relying on red text to indicate an error, include a descriptive message like “Please enter a valid email address.”
- Test your designs with online contrast checkers to ensure compliance.
Strong contrast not only aids accessibility but also improves readability and engagement for all users.

Choose Accessible Fonts

The typeface you use plays a significant role in how accessible your content is. Some fonts are more legible than others, particularly for users with visual impairments or learning disabilities.
- Opt for sans-serif fonts like Arial, Verdana, or Tahoma, which are easier to read on screens.
- Ensure your font size is large enough—typically at least 16px for body text.
- Avoid excessive italics or decorative fonts that may be hard to read.
Accessible fonts contribute to a cleaner, more professional appearance that benefits all users.

Write Descriptive Links

Vague link text like “Click here” or “Learn more” can be confusing for screen reader users. Instead, use descriptive link text that tells users where the link will take them.
- Good example: “Read our guide on WCAG compliance for content creators.”
- Bad example: “Click here.”
- Ensure links make sense out of context. Some users navigate sites by jumping between links, so each one should provide value on its own.
Descriptive links also make your content easier to scan and improve your site’s SEO.

Create Accessible Tables

Tables are useful for presenting data but can become a nightmare for accessibility if not designed properly.
- Use headers (<th> tags) for column or row titles. This helps screen readers understand the table structure.
- Avoid merging cells or using tables for layout purposes—this confuses assistive technologies.
- Include captions to explain the table’s purpose. For example, “Table showing monthly website traffic for 2023.”
Accessible tables ensure your data is comprehensible for all users, not just those using traditional browsers.

Caption Your Videos

Video captions aren’t just helpful for people who are deaf or hard of hearing—they’re valuable for anyone in a noisy or quiet environment.
- Include both closed captions (user-controlled) and open captions (always visible).
- Ensure captions are synced accurately with the dialogue or sounds.
- For additional accessibility, provide a transcript that includes all spoken words, sound effects, and meaningful visual elements.
Well-captioned videos increase engagement, improve retention, and align with WCAG guidelines.

Use Plain Language

Accessible content isn’t just about design—it’s also about the words you choose. Writing in plain language ensures your content is easy to understand for a broad audience, including users with cognitive disabilities.
- Break complex ideas into smaller, simpler sentences.
- Define jargon or technical terms the first time they appear.
- Use bullet points and lists to organize information clearly.
Plain language isn’t dumbing down your content; it’s making it more approachable and impactful.

Monitor Accessibility Regularly

Creating accessible content isn’t a one-and-done task. Websites are dynamic, with new pages, updates, and features being added constantly. This means your accessibility efforts need regular check-ins to ensure compliance with WCAG standards. Neglecting this can leave you vulnerable to accessibility gaps, which not only alienate users but could also lead to legal risks.

Thankfully, tools like a11y.Radar make monitoring accessibility easier and more effective. This specialized service continuously scans your site for issues, giving you a clear, actionable picture of your site’s compliance status.

Final Thoughts

Accessibility doesn’t have to be overwhelming, and you don’t have to tackle it alone. With WCAG as your guide and the right support, you can create content that reaches more people, performs better in search engines, and provides an exceptional user experience. But ensuring accessibility is more than a one-time effort—it’s an ongoing process.

That’s where we come in.

At 216digital, we specialize in making web accessibility simple and actionable for content creators just like you. Whether you’re new to WCAG or need help fine-tuning your content strategy, our ADA briefing is the perfect place to start.

Schedule your ADA briefing today, and let us show you how to make your content accessible, impactful, and compliant—all while reaching a broader audience and safeguarding your business. Accessibility is an opportunity, and together, we can help you unlock it.
Greg McNeil

November 26, 2024

WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, Content Creators, Content Writing, SEO, WCAG, WCAG Compliance, Web Accessibility
POURing Effort into Web Accessibility
Creating an inclusive digital world isn’t just a nice-to-have—it’s a necessity. For many people, accessing information online isn’t as simple as opening a website and scrolling through content. Visual impairments, mobility challenges, cognitive disabilities, and other barriers can make navigating the internet difficult without proper accommodations. That’s where the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) come in.

WCAG provides a roadmap for making web content accessible to all users, regardless of their abilities. Central to these guidelines are four foundational principles known by the acronym POUR: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust. In this article, we’ll explore what POUR means, why it’s important, and how you can apply these principles to create a more accessible user experience.

What Is POUR?

At the heart of WCAG are the four foundational principles known as POUR: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust. These principles serve as the pillars of accessible design, guiding developers and designers to create web experiences that accommodate a wide range of abilities and preferences.

POUR ensures that digital content is not only accessible but also functional and user-friendly. Adhering to these principles helps remove barriers and allows everyone—regardless of physical, sensory, or cognitive abilities—to engage with web content fully and independently.

In the following sections, we’ll take a closer look at each of the POUR principles, their practical applications, and how they make web content more inclusive.

Perceivable: Making Content Accessible to the Senses

The principle of perceivability focuses on ensuring that all users can access and process the information presented on a website. This means content must be adaptable to a variety of sensory modalities, such as vision, hearing, or touch. Without perceivable content, users with sensory disabilities may be completely excluded from accessing critical information.

What Does Perceivable Mean in Practice?
1. Text Alternatives for Non-Text Content: Every image, icon, and multimedia element must include a text equivalent, such as alt text for images or transcripts for audio content. For example, if a website features a graph, it should include a detailed description of the data for visually impaired users.
2. Captions and Audio Descriptions: Videos should have captions for users who are deaf or hard of hearing and audio descriptions for users who are blind, ensuring everyone can understand the content.
3. Readable Text Content: Font size, color contrast, and spacing should make text readable for users with visual impairments or dyslexia. For instance, using a high-contrast color scheme helps users with low vision differentiate between text and background.
Common Mistakes That Violate Perceivable Standards
- Using images without alt text or vague descriptions like “image123.jpg.”
- Not adding captions to video content makes it difficult for people with hearing impairments to follow along.
- Designing web content that relies heavily on color to convey information can be problematic for color-blind users.
Operable: Ensuring Users Can Navigate and Interact

Operability is about giving users the ability to interact with and navigate a website effectively. Websites should cater to diverse input methods, including keyboards, mice, touchscreens, and assistive technologies like screen readers or sip-and-puff devices.

What Does Operable Mean in Practice?
1. Keyboard Accessibility: All interactive elements—such as buttons, forms, and menus—must be usable via a keyboard. For example, users should be able to navigate a website using the Tab key to move between elements and the Enter key to select options.
2. Adjustable Time Limits: Users must be given enough time to complete tasks like filling out forms. If a time limit is necessary, users should have the option to extend it or pause the timer.
3. Avoiding Traps: Design interactive elements like pop-ups or carousels to ensure users don’t become “trapped.” For example, make it easy for keyboard users to close a pop-up.
Common Mistakes That Violate Operable Standards
- Creating drop-down menus or interactive elements that are difficult to navigate with a keyboard.
- Designing forms that reset if not completed within a set time frustrates users who may need extra time.
- Using auto-scrolling content that cannot be paused or stopped.
Understandable: Keeping Content Clear and Predictable

The principle of understandability ensures that users can easily comprehend both the information and the functionality of a website. Content should be presented in a logical, consistent, and intuitive manner.

What Does Understandable Mean in Practice?
1. Plain Language: Avoid jargon and use simple, clear language. For example, instead of saying, “Click here to access the comprehensive compendium of resources,” simply say, “Click here to access the resource guide.”
2. Predictable Interactions: Elements like navigation menus and buttons should behave consistently throughout the site. For example, a menu that expands when clicked should work the same way on every page.
3. Error Feedback and Recovery: Forms and other interactive elements should provide clear feedback when users make errors. For instance, if a user forgets to fill out a required field in a form, the website should provide an error message that explains what’s missing and how to correct it.
Common Mistakes That Violate Understandable Standards
- Using complicated words or phrases without explanations makes it hard for users to comprehend the content.
- Having links or buttons that perform unexpected actions confuses the user.
- Need to highlight input errors clearly or explain how to fix them.
Robust: Ensuring Compatibility with Current and Future Technologies

Robustness focuses on ensuring that websites are compatible with a wide range of technologies, including assistive devices. This principle ensures content remains accessible even as technology evolves.

What Does Robust Mean in Practice?
1. Standards-Compliant Code: Using clean, valid HTML and CSS ensures that web content is compatible with different browsers and assistive technologies. For example, screen readers can more easily interpret properly coded content.
2. Accessible ARIA Attributes: ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) roles and properties enhance dynamic content and make it usable for assistive technologies. For example, adding aria-live attributes to alerts ensures screen readers announce changes in real time.
3. Cross-Device Testing: Websites should be tested on various devices, operating systems, and browsers to ensure compatibility.
Common Mistakes That Violate Robust Standards
- Using outdated or non-standard HTML code can break some browsers or assistive technologies.
- Labeling form elements properly makes it easier for screen readers to convey relevant information to the user.
Bringing POUR Principles Together

While each POUR principle addresses a specific aspect of accessibility, they work together to create a seamless and inclusive user experience. Let’s look at an example of how all four principles might be applied:

Example: An E-Commerce Website
1. Perceivable: Images of products include descriptive alt text, and videos showcasing features have captions and audio descriptions.
2. Operable: Users can navigate the site with a keyboard and use the Tab key to add items to their cart.
3. Understandable: The checkout process uses plain language and provides clear instructions for completing forms.
4. Robust: The site is tested with assistive technologies like screen readers and works smoothly on mobile devices.
By aligning with all four POUR principles, the website ensures that users of all abilities can browse, shop, and complete their purchases effortlessly.

Putting POUR into Practice

Applying the POUR principles isn’t just about avoiding mistakes; it’s about creating a truly inclusive web experience. Here’s how you can start:
1. Audit Your Site: Conduct an accessibility review to identify areas where your site falls short of POUR.
2. Incorporate accessibility from the Start: Build POUR into your web development and design process rather than trying to retrofit accessibility later.
3. Test with Real Users: Engage users with disabilities to test your site and provide feedback.
By focusing on POUR, you not only improve accessibility but also enhance usability for all visitors, creating a better overall user experience.

POURing Effort into Accessibility

The four principles of WCAG—Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust—offer a solid foundation for building an accessible web. These principles are not just guidelines; they represent a commitment to inclusivity and respect for all users.

Accessibility isn’t a one-time task—it’s an ongoing effort to create a web that works for everyone. By applying POUR to your digital content, you’re taking meaningful steps toward a more inclusive future. Start today by reviewing your site, learning from accessibility experts, and embracing WCAG principles to make a difference in the lives of your users.

If you’re ready to take the next step toward making your website ADA-compliant and ensuring accessibility for all, schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital. Our team of experts will guide you through the process, answer your questions, and help you create a web experience that’s inclusive, compliant, and user-friendly. Don’t wait—start building a more accessible digital presence today.
Greg McNeil

November 18, 2024

WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, WCAG, WCAG conformance, Website Accessibility
WCAG Conformance Levels: How High Should You Aim?
When you’re building a website, it’s easy to get caught up in the details of design, functionality, and making everything look just right. But what about accessibility? That’s where the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) come in. Think of WCAG as your go-to checklist for making sure your website is open and usable for everyone, including people with disabilities.

Accessibility isn’t just a “nice-to-have” anymore—it’s essential. Whether you’re trying to avoid lawsuits, comply with laws like the ADA, or make your site more welcoming, understanding WCAG conformance levels can help you figure out how high you should aim. Let’s break down the basics, explore the three levels—A, AA, and AAA—and help you find the sweet spot for your website.

What is WCAG?

WCAG stands for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, but don’t let the formal name intimidate you. These guidelines are basically a roadmap for making websites, apps, and digital content work for everyone—whether someone has a disability or not. Developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), WCAG focuses on four key principles: making content perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust (POUR). Think of it as a checklist to ensure your site is usable for as many people as possible.

And it’s not just for developers! WCAG applies to everyone involved in building a website—from designers to writers—because accessibility goes beyond code. Whether it’s adding captions to videos, ensuring color contrast, or simplifying navigation, these small changes can make a huge difference in how people experience your site. At its core, WCAG is about creating a better internet for everyone.

Why Should You Care About WCAG Conformance?

So, why should WCAG be on your radar? For starters, it’s about reaching more people. Accessibility isn’t just for those with disabilities—it benefits everyone. Captions help folks watching a video on mute, high contrast is great for users in bright sunlight, and clear navigation makes life easier for anyone trying to find what they need. In other words, an accessible website is just a better website.

Then there’s the legal side of things. If you’re in the U.S., laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) expect your site to meet certain accessibility standards, and WCAG is the go-to guide for that. Ignoring these guidelines could land you in hot water with lawsuits or fines—and let’s face it, no one wants that kind of stress.

But it’s not just about avoiding trouble. Prioritizing accessibility can actually boost your brand, build trust, and improve your site’s performance overall. Making your website accessible shows your users you care, and that can set you apart in a big way.

Breaking Down the WCAG Conformance Levels

WCAG isn’t a one-size-fits-all situation. It’s divided into three levels—A, AA, and AAA—each with its own set of requirements. Here’s what you need to know about each one:

Level A: Covering the Basics

Level A is like the starter pack for accessibility. It focuses on the most basic barriers that prevent people from accessing your site. For example:
- Adding alternative text (alt text) to images.
- Making sure everything can be used with just a keyboard.
- Avoiding flashing content that could trigger seizures.
If your website meets Level A, you’re covering the bare minimum. But let’s be real—it’s not enough to provide a great experience for most users. Think of Level A as the foundation you build on, not the end goal.

Level AA: The Sweet Spot

Level AA is where things start to get serious. It’s the most widely recommended level and is often what the law requires. With Level AA, you’re tackling more detailed issues like:
- Make sure the text has enough contrast with the background so it’s easy to read.
- Ensuring your navigation is consistent and clear.
- Providing captions for videos so they’re accessible to people with hearing impairments.
For most websites, Level AA hits the perfect balance—it’s achievable, practical, and covers a wide range of accessibility needs. If you’re wondering how high to aim, this is probably your answer.

Level AAA: The Extra Mile

Level AAA is like the platinum package. It’s the highest level of accessibility, but it’s also the hardest to achieve. Some of the requirements include:
- Offering sign language interpretation for video content.
- Make sure your site works well even under very specific conditions, like extreme contrast ratios.
While Level AAA is an amazing goal, it’s not realistic for every website. Even the W3C acknowledges that hitting this level for all content isn’t always possible. Instead, focus on what’s achievable for your site and audience, and aim for AAA features where you can.

How High Should You Aim?

So, where should you set your sights? For most organizations, Level AA is the way to go. It’s the legal standard in many places, including the U.S., and it covers most accessibility needs without overcomplicating things.

However, your target might depend on your audience and industry. For example:
- Government Websites: Usually aim for Level AA or higher since they serve a broad, diverse audience.
- Online Stores: Need to make sure people can easily browse and buy products, so Level AA is essential.
- Educational Platforms: Sometimes, we need to go beyond Level AA to ensure equitable access to learning materials.
If you’re running a small business or personal site, don’t stress about hitting Level AAA. Instead, focus on meeting Level AA and improving over time. Remember, accessibility is a journey, not a one-and-done task.

What Makes Level AAA So Hard?

Achieving Level AAA isn’t just difficult—it often forces you to make compromises that can impact your site’s usability and aesthetics. For example, meeting AAA contrast requirements might mean overhauling your brand’s carefully chosen color scheme. Or you might have to simplify complex content so much that it loses its original value or appeal.

It’s a delicate balancing act. On one hand, you want your site to be as accessible as possible. On the other hand, you need to ensure it remains engaging, functional, and true to your brand. For most organizations, focusing on Level AA strikes the best balance, ensuring broad accessibility without requiring sacrifices that could alienate other users or disrupt the site’s purpose.

That said, Level AAA isn’t all or nothing. While it may not be practical to achieve across the board, incorporating some AAA features—like avoiding overly complicated language or providing additional customization options—can still enhance your site and make it more inclusive. The key is to aim high without losing sight of what works best for your audience and goals.

Keeping Your Website WCAG Compliant

Meeting WCAG standards isn’t a one-time thing. Websites evolve, and so do accessibility needs. Here’s how you can stay on top of it:

Regularly Audit Your Site

Run accessibility audits often to catch issues early. Tools like Google Lighthouse or WAVE are a great start, but don’t stop there—getting feedback from actual users with disabilities can give you insights you won’t find anywhere else.

Train Your Team

Accessibility isn’t just for developers. Designers, content creators, and even marketers should understand the basics of WCAG. The more your team knows, the easier it’ll be to stay compliant.

Make Accessibility Part of Your Process

Don’t wait until the end of a project to think about accessibility. Include it in every step—from planning and design to testing and deployment.

Use Accessibility Tools

Tools like screen readers and color contrast analyzers can help you spot problems before they become major issues. These tools are easy to use and can make a big difference.

Stay Up-to-Date

WCAG updates from time to time to reflect new technology and user needs. Keep an eye on these changes and adjust your strategy as needed.

Achieve WCAG Conformance with 216digital

When it comes to WCAG conformance, aiming for Level AA is usually the smart move. It’s realistic, effective, and ensures you’re meeting the needs of most users. If you can, sprinkle in some Level AAA features to go the extra mile.

Making your website accessible isn’t just about ticking off a checklist—it’s about creating a welcoming space for everyone. With regular updates, audits, and a commitment to accessibility, you’ll not only meet the standards but also build a site people love to use.

If you’re unsure where to begin or want to check your progress, 216digital is here to help. Schedule an ADA briefing with our team to learn how we can help you achieve WCAG conformance, lower your legal risks, and create a better experience for all your users.

Take the first step today—because accessibility isn’t just a requirement, it’s an opportunity to make your website better for everyone.
Greg McNeil

November 15, 2024

WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, WCAG, WCAG conformance, Website Accessibility
Retail Accessibility: Avoiding Common Pitfalls
The internet is overflowing with retail opportunities, but one crucial element often gets overlooked: accessibility. For online retailers, making your website accessible isn’t just about complying with legal requirements—it’s about expanding your customer base and delivering a better shopping experience for everyone. So, how can you ensure your online store is open to all shoppers and avoid common accessibility pitfalls? Let’s dive into the essentials.

Why Accessibility Matters for Online Retailers

Web accessibility means making sure everyone, including people with disabilities, can easily use and navigate your site. In the world., about 15% of the population lives with some form of disability. By ensuring your website is accessible, you’re tapping into a market with immense buying power—people with disabilities control over $6 trillion in spending globally!

But beyond opening your business to a broader audience, accessibility is also about staying compliant with laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). In 2023, 82% of ADA lawsuits were related to web accessibility issues in the retail industry, affecting both large and small businesses alike. If your website isn’t accessible, you’re not just missing out on customers—you could also be facing legal risks.

The Web Accessibility Guidelines

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are the foundation for creating an accessible website. These guidelines revolve around four main principles, often referred to as POUR:
- Perceivable: Content must be presented in a way that all users can perceive, whether visually or audibly.
- Operable: Your site should be fully navigable, whether users are using a mouse, keyboard, or assistive technologies.
- Understandable: Your content should be easy to comprehend and navigate.
- Robust: Your website should work well with a variety of assistive tools, like screen readers.
For retailers, aiming for WCAG 2.1 Level AA compliance is a great starting point, and it’s the level referenced by most legal frameworks for web accessibility.

Steps for Online Retailers to Improve Accessibility Right Now

Improving your website’s accessibility might sound like a big task, but it’s more manageable than you think. Here are some quick and effective steps to make your site web accessible:

Auditing Retail Sites for Accessibility Issues

The first step is knowing where your site stands. Start with automated tools like Lighthouse or WAVE to flag common issues, such as missing image descriptions or poor color contrast. Then, dive deeper with manual testing, working with accessibility experts to uncover more subtle barriers, like challenges with forms or navigation.

Make Visual Content Accessible

People with visual impairments rely on alt text to understand images, so be sure to include detailed alt descriptions for all meaningful visuals. For example, instead of a vague description like “product,” use something more specific like “Blue ceramic coffee mug with a handle.” This simple change helps users with screen readers understand what’s being shown.

Don’t forget about video content! WCAG guidelines require captions for pre-recorded audio in videos. Ensure that auto-generated captions, like those from YouTube, are accurate, and provide transcripts for podcasts to make all media accessible.
```
<img src="coffee-mug.jpg" alt="Blue ceramic coffee mug with a handle">
<video controls>
  <track kind="captions" src="captions_en.vtt" srclang="en" label="English">
</video>
```
Optimize Website Navigation and Structure

Some users navigate your site without a mouse, relying solely on their keyboard. Make sure your site can be fully navigated using just a keyboard, with elements like menus, buttons, and forms accessible through “tab” key navigation. Also, ensure every interactive element has a visible focus indicator, like a border around buttons or links, so users can easily see where they are on the page.
```
button:focus, a:focus {
  outline: 2px solid #ffcc00; /* Provides a visible focus indicator */
}
```
Improve Form Accessibility

Checkout forms can be a stumbling block for accessibility, especially if they aren’t screen reader-friendly. Make sure all form fields have clear labels and that error messages don’t rely solely on color. For example, instead of just using a red outline to indicate a required field, include a text message like “This field is required” to make the error clear for all users.
```
<form>
  <label for="email">Email:</label>
  <input type="email" id="email" name="email" required>
  <span class="error" role="alert">This field is required</span>
</form>
```
The Retail Shopping and Checkout Process

Imagine trying to check out but not knowing where you are in the process—frustrating, right? Break your checkout process into clear, labeled steps and ensure it’s compatible with assistive technologies. Also, consider adding alternative payment methods like PayPal, Google Pay, or Apple Pay to improve usability for all customers.

To meet WCAG SC 2.4.4 standards, you can use visual breadcrumbs or progress indicators to let users know where they are in the checkout process.
```
<nav aria-label="Breadcrumb">
  <ol>
    <li><a href="/cart">Cart</a></li>
    <li><a href="/shipping">Shipping</a></li>
    <li aria-current="page">Payment</li>
  </ol>
</nav>
```
Implement ARIA Landmarks and Roles

ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) landmarks and roles help assistive technologies identify key sections of your page. For instance, wrapping your site’s header in a role="banner" helps screen readers identify it as the main header, making it easier for users to navigate through your site.
```
<header role="banner">
  <nav role="navigation">
    <ul>
      <li><a href="/home">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="/products">Products</a></li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
</header>
```
Testing and Ongoing Monitoring for Retailers

Web accessibility isn’t a one-time fix—it’s an ongoing process. Retail websites are constantly changing. Regular testing and monitoring are essential to ensuring that those updates or changes to your site don’t introduce new accessibility barriers. Tools like 216digital’s a11y.Radar can help you stay on top of accessibility issues with automated scans and detailed reports, making it easier to maintain a compliant and user-friendly website as new content is added.

Partnering with Accessibility Experts

If all of this sounds overwhelming, you don’t have to go it alone. Partnering with accessibility experts can fast-track your progress. Whether you need a thorough audit, code remediation, or ongoing support, companies like 216digital specialize in helping retail sites meet web accessibility standards. They can ensure your site is not only compliant but also delivers a seamless, enjoyable shopping experience for all users.

Accessibility Overlays: A Quick Fix or a Long-Term Solution?

You might have heard about accessibility overlays—tools that promise a quick fix for all your accessibility needs. While these overlays might sound tempting, they often fall short. Overlays can miss deeper, underlying issues with your website’s code and design, leaving you vulnerable to ADA lawsuits. In fact, 933 companies were sued last year after installing overlay solutions and many accessibility experts caution against relying on them as a long-term solution.

Instead, focus on making meaningful changes to your website’s design and functionality. Overlays might be a temporary patch, but they shouldn’t replace a full accessibility strategy.

Check Accessibility Off Your Shopping List

By making your website accessible, you’ll not only increase your customer base but also create a better shopping experience for everyone. Accessibility is a journey, and it’s one worth taking. Follow the steps outlined above, test your site regularly, and don’t hesitate to partner with experts to ensure your site stays compliant and user-friendly.

To help you get started on the right path, consider scheduling an ADA briefing with 216digital. Our team of experts can walk you through the latest accessibility guidelines, provide actionable insights, and show you how to ensure your site complies with ADA standards.

Online shopping should be for everyone, so let’s make it happen together!
Greg McNeil

October 16, 2024

How-to Guides, Legal Compliance, WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Website Compliance, ecommerce website, Retail, WCAG
Why ‘Click Here’ Hurts Your Website’s Accessibility
If you’ve spent any time browsing the web, you’ve probably come across links like “click here” or “read more.” While these phrases seem simple enough, they can actually be confusing or even frustrating—especially for people using screen readers to navigate a site. That’s where descriptive link text comes in. It’s essential for making websites more accessible to everyone, including those with disabilities. So, let’s dive into why using meaningful link text is so important and how you can write it to improve both web accessibility and overall user experience.

What is Descriptive Link Text?

Descriptive link text is just what it sounds like—clickable text that clearly explains what the link is for. Instead of generic phrases like “click here” or “read more,” a good descriptive link gives enough context so users know exactly where the link will take them. This is a win for all users but especially important for people with disabilities who rely on screen readers to navigate the web.

Imagine trying to navigate a website where every link says “click here.” For someone using a screen reader, that’s a frustrating experience because they have no clue where any of those links will lead. Descriptive link text fixes that by making sure all users, no matter how they access the web, have a clear, easy-to-understand experience.

Why “Click Here” and “Read More” Are Problematic

Using generic phrases like “click here” or “read more” might seem harmless, but they can actually create confusion. When someone using a screen reader encounters a page full of links that all say “click here,” they’re left with no context about where the links go or what they do. It’s like being handed a bunch of blank signposts with no labels.

Let’s take a look at an example:
- Bad Link: Click here to read more.
- Better Link: Learn more about our services.
In the second example, the user knows exactly what they’re clicking on, which makes the experience more apparent and more helpful, especially for people using screen readers.

Empty Links and Their Impact on Accessibility

Another issue when it comes to web accessibility is empty links. An empty link is one that has no text or meaningful content for a screen reader to announce. For people using screen readers, these links are useless—they navigate to them but get no information about what they do. And for those using keyboard navigation, empty links can be frustrating roadblocks.

To avoid this, always make sure your links contain text, or if you’re using an image as a link, ensure there’s alternative text (alt text) that clearly describes what the link does.

How Descriptive Link Text Boosts Accessibility

One of the best things about the web is its potential to be accessible to everyone. But if we don’t put some thought into how we design and label things like links, we end up excluding a lot of people. Descriptive link text makes websites more accessible and improves the overall user experience in a few key ways:
- Clarity for Screen Reader Users: Screen readers read links out loud. If the link text is too vague, it isn’t very clear. Descriptive text helps users know exactly what to expect before they click.
- Better Navigation: Clear, simple language helps everyone, especially users with cognitive disabilities or learning differences, by reducing the mental effort needed to figure out what a link does.
- Faster Browsing: Descriptive links let users quickly scan a page and understand where each link will take them. This makes it easier for everyone to find what they’re looking for without guessing.
WCAG Guidelines for Descriptive Links

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) provide a set of best practices for making the web usable by everyone. According to WCAG SC 2.4.4 Link Purpose, each link should make its purpose clear, either from the link text itself or from its surrounding context.

Here are a few essential tips from WCAG on how to write compelling link text:
- Be Concise and Relevant: Your link text should be short but informative. Don’t go overboard, but include enough detail so users know where they’re headed.
  - Example: Instead of “click here for more,” try “Learn more about accessible landmarks.“
- Skip the Redundancies: You don’t need to add words like “link” or “website” to your link text. Screen readers already announce that it’s a link, so saying “click here to visit the website” is unnecessary. Just say, “Visit our website.“
- Avoid Empty Links: Every link should have meaningful content. Empty links are confusing and serve no functional purpose for users navigating with keyboards or screen readers.
Examples of Effective and Ineffective Link Text
- Ineffective Link Text:
  - Click here
  - Read more
  - Learn more
  - Here
- Effective Link Text:
  - Download the 2024 Annual Report
  - Explore our upcoming events.
  - Read more about creating accessible web links.
In these examples, the goal is to make it crystal clear where the link will take the user, leaving no room for confusion.

Best Practices for Writing Descriptive Link Text
- Think About Context: Consider what the user needs to know about the link’s destination. This is especially important for screen reader users who may jump between links without reading the surrounding text. Make sure the link text alone provides enough information.
- Keep It Short and Sweet: Your link text should be informative but not too long. For example, “Contact Us for Support” is much clearer than “Click here if you need to get in touch with our support team.“
- Use Natural Phrasing: Don’t feel like you always need to add a “click here” to your sentence. Sometimes, the best link text is already part of your content. For instance, instead of “click here to learn more about our programs,” use the “learn more about our programs” link.
- Avoid URLs as Links: Long URLs are difficult for screen readers to interpret, especially if they contain numbers and special characters. Instead of linking a URL directly, use descriptive text like “Visit 216digital’s a11y.Radar Monitoring Page.”
- Alt Text for Image Links: If an image serves as a link, make sure the alt text conveys the purpose of the link. For example, if a shopping cart icon leads to the cart page, use alt text like “View Cart” rather than just “Cart.”
Linking It All Together

Incorporating descriptive link text is a small change that can have a significant impact on your website’s web accessibility. By ditching generic phrases, using clear and concise language, and following WCAG guidelines, you’ll make your site more navigable for everyone—especially users who rely on screen readers.

Creating an inclusive web experience doesn’t have to be complicated, but it does take attention to detail. If you’re unsure whether your website’s accessibility measures, including your link text, are up to standard, it might be time to seek expert advice. At 216digital, we offer ADA briefings that help you identify areas for improvement and ensure your site meets accessibility requirements.

Take the next step towards a more accessible web presence and schedule a complimentary ADA briefing with 216digital today. We’re here to guide you through the process and help you create a site that’s welcoming and usable for everyone.
Greg McNeil

October 14, 2024

How-to Guides, Legal Compliance, WCAG Compliance

Accessibility, Alt text, descriptive link text, WCAG, WCAG Compliance, Web Accessibility
Debunking Common WCAG Myths
When it comes to digital accessibility, misconceptions can lead businesses astray, leaving them vulnerable to compliance issues and missed opportunities. From believing that automated tools can handle everything to thinking that accessibility compromises design, these myths often create unnecessary hurdles. The truth? Achieving web accessibility is not only possible but it can also be seamlessly integrated into your existing processes.

Let’s debunk some of the most common myths about the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) so your business can take the right steps toward an accessible and inclusive online experience.

Myth 1: Conformance with WCAG = Compliance with Accessibility Laws

One of the most prevalent misconceptions is that adhering to WCAG automatically means compliance with all accessibility laws. While WCAG is widely recognized and often used as a benchmark for accessibility, it is important to note that WCAG conformance is not the same as legal compliance.

The Reality

Different countries have varying legal standards for accessibility, and while WCAG is used as a framework, laws such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the U.S. or the European Accessibility Act (EAA) in Europe may have their interpretations and requirements. For example, the ADA doesn’t explicitly mention WCAG, but U.S. courts frequently use WCAG as the gold standard for determining accessibility in lawsuits.

Therefore, WCAG conformance is essential to achieving legal compliance, but it’s not the only factor. Businesses must stay informed about relevant accessibility laws in their jurisdiction to ensure full compliance.

Myth 2: Automated Tools are All I Need to Conform with WCAG Guidelines

Many organizations believe that using automated tools is enough to ensure compliance with WCAG. Automated testing can catch many accessibility issues, but relying solely on these tools is a mistake.

The Reality

Automated tools are a valuable first step in identifying accessibility issues, such as missing alt text or incorrect HTML elements. However, they cannot fully capture the complexity of human interactions with a website. Accessibility involves factors such as the ability to navigate a site using a keyboard, how intuitive the content is, and whether assistive technologies like screen readers can interpret the content correctly. These are challenges that require manual testing by actual users with disabilities.

Automated testing, manual audits, and user testing with people who rely on assistive technologies are essential to achieving WCAG compliance.

Myth 3: WCAG is a ”One-and-Done”Checklist

Some businesses think that WCAG is a static checklist that, once completed, guarantees permanent accessibility.

The Reality

Digital accessibility is an ongoing process. Websites are living entities that change over time—content updates, new features, or design overhauls. Each change presents the possibility of new accessibility barriers. Furthermore, the WCAG evolves, with updates to reflect new technologies and user needs (e.g., the transition from WCAG 2.0 to WCAG 2.2 with WCAG 3.0 in development).

To maintain compliance, businesses must regularly audit their digital products and ensure that any updates meet the latest WCAG standards. Accessibility should be baked into your organization’s development workflow and continuously revisited.

Myth 4: Only Businesses Who Serve the Disability Community Need to Follow WCAG

A common misconception is that only organizations that cater specifically to people with disabilities need to worry about WCAG compliance.

The Reality

Every business with an online presence should ensure digital accessibility. Over 1 billion people worldwide have some form of disability, which means that nearly every industry has potential customers who need accessible digital experiences. Additionally, in many jurisdictions, accessibility laws apply to many businesses, not just those explicitly serving the disability community.

Web accessibility also benefits a broader audience. For instance, captions on videos can help non-native speakers and accessible forms can improve the experience for all users, regardless of ability.

Myth 5: WCAG Guidelines Will Decrease My Site’s Visual Appeal

There’s a lingering belief that making a website accessible according to WCAG guidelines will compromise its design and visual appeal.

The Reality

Accessibility and good design go hand in hand. WCAG guidelines promote clarity, simplicity, and ease of use—principles that enhance a website’s user experience. Accessible design doesn’t mean dull or unattractive; it means that the site is intuitive and easy to navigate for all users.

Elements like sufficient color contrast, straightforward typography, and intuitive navigation are central to accessibility and aesthetics. Many visually stunning websites are entirely WCAG compliant by incorporating a design that benefits all users without sacrificing creativity or brand identity.

Myth 6: Implementing WCAG Guidelines is Expensive, Time-Consuming, and Resource-Intensive

Some businesses fear that conforming to WCAG guidelines will be a costly, laborious process that demands a complete overhaul of their digital properties.

The Reality

While achieving compliance requires time and resources, it can mean something other than a complete redesign or massive financial outlay. Many accessibility fixes—like adding alt text to images or improving color contrast—are relatively straightforward and inexpensive. Additionally, non-compliance costs, such as legal fees, lost customers, and reputational damage, far outweigh the costs of becoming compliant.

Moreover, integrating accessibility into your development process early on can make future compliance more accessible and cost-effective. Accessibility becomes much more expensive when treated as an afterthought or an add-on rather than part of the core design and development strategy.

How to Make Accessibility Achievable for Every Business

Debunking these myths is essential to understanding that WCAG compliance and digital accessibility are achievable for businesses of all sizes. Here are a few practical ways to approach accessibility:
1. Start Small, Scale Up: If you’re overwhelmed by the scope of WCAG guidelines, start with the most critical aspects and gradually expand your efforts. Begin by addressing the most common accessibility barriers, such as text alternatives and keyboard navigation.
2. Leverage External Expertise: Consider partnering with a digital accessibility expert. External accessibility consultants like 216digital bring specialized knowledge of WCAG guidelines and accessibility testing methods. They can help identify issues, prioritize fixes, and provide ongoing monitoring to ensure your site remains accessible.
3. Use a Hybrid Testing Approach: Combine automated tools with manual and user testing by people with disabilities. Automated tools can handle repetitive checks, but manual testing is vital for uncovering issues that require human judgment and assistive technology testing.
4. Plan for Accessibility from the Start: Integrate accessibility into your design and development process early on. This proactive approach reduces the time and cost of retrofitting accessibility into a live product.
5. Commit to Continuous Improvement: Remember, digital accessibility isn’t a one-time project—it’s an ongoing commitment. Regular audits, training for your team, and staying informed about the latest WCAG updates will ensure you remain compliant over time.
Accessibility is Within Reach

Understanding these common misconceptions about WCAG and digital accessibility is just the beginning. The path to compliance and creating a truly accessible digital experience requires a tailored, proactive approach. At 216digital, we help businesses not only meet WCAG standards but also navigate the complexities of accessibility laws to protect themselves from costly litigation and better serve all users.

Ready to take the next step? Schedule an ADA briefing with our team to ensure your digital presence is compliant, inclusive, and future-proof. Together, we can make accessibility achievable for your business.
Greg McNeil

October 11, 2024

WCAG Compliance

ADA Compliance, WCAG, WCAG Compliance, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility

What Are WCAG 2.1 and WCAG 2.2?

Why Accessibility Is Key

The Four Principles of WCAG

Perceivable

Operable

Understandable

Robust

A Checklist for WCAG 2.1 and 2.2 Level AA Compliance

1. Perceivable

2. Operable

3. Understandable

4. Robust

Testing Your Site

Making Accessibility Part of Your Routine

Conclusion

The Role of WAI in Web Accessibility

Why Accessibility Matters

The Foundation of WCAG: Four Key Principles

Perceivable

Operable

Understandable

Robust

WCAG Levels: Aiming for Level AA Compliance

How WAI Benefits Your Business

Getting Started with WAI’s Guidelines

WAI’s Global Impact

Why Accessibility is Everyone’s Responsibility

A Better Web for All

Developers: Building the Accessible Foundation

Practical Tips for Developers

Semantic HTML and Proper Structure

ARIA Attributes

Robust Error Handling

Graphic Designers: Creating Inclusive Visuals

Practical Tips for Graphic Designers

Color Contrast

Scalable Designs

Accessible Icons and Imagery

Consistent Design Patterns

Content Creators: Writing for All Audiences

Practical Tips for Content Creators

Plain Language

Heading Hierarchies and Lists

Descriptive Links

Closed Captions and Transcripts

Marketers: Promoting Accessibility as a Brand Value

Practical Tips for Marketers

Inclusive Messaging

Transparent Policies

Social Media and Email Marketing

Continuous Feedback

Website Owners: Setting the Vision and Investing in Ongoing Compliance

Practical Tips for Website Owners

Leadership and Accountability

Budget for Accessibility

Regular Audits and Updates

Team Training

Collaboration and Continuous Improvement

What Is Digital Accessibility?

The Problem with Perfectionism

Why Focus on Progress?

Practical Tips for Achieving Digital Accessibility

Start with Low-Hanging Fruit

Integrate Accessibility into Your Workflows

Get Real Feedback from Users

Use Tools for Continuous Monitoring

It’s All About Consistent Improvement

What is WCAG, and Why Should You Care?

The Benefits of Accessible Content

Expand Your Audience Reach

Boost SEO

Enhance User Experience

Avoid Legal Risks

Practical WCAG Tips for Content Creators

Use Proper Headings

Add Alternative Text for Images

Color Contrast

Choose Accessible Fonts

Write Descriptive Links

Create Accessible Tables