Legal compliance for websites is a key step toward building a welcoming digital space.
When you create a website, you want as many people as possible to enjoy it. This goal includes users with disabilities who may rely on assistive technology.
This guide will explain the main laws and guidelines that affect website accessibility. It will also share tips on how to keep your site compliant. By the end, you will have a better grasp of how to protect your business and create a better online experience.
Why Accessibility Matters
Accessibility is about making sure that all users, including those with disabilities, can interact with your website. People have different needs. Some use screen readers to hear text read aloud, while others navigate websites by keyboard or voice commands.
When your website is accessible, you open your doors to a bigger audience. You also reduce legal risks. Many businesses have faced lawsuits for failing to meet these standards. A commitment to legal compliance and accessibility can improve customer trust and brand image.
Major Accessibility Laws in the United States
1. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
The ADA is a civil rights law that bans discrimination based on disability in many areas of public life. Though it does not mention websites directly, courts often view online spaces as public places. This means that business websites need to be usable by people with disabilities.
A growing number of lawsuits focus on ADA website violations.
Businesses in retail, hospitality, and beyond have faced legal action. By prioritizing legal compliance and following accepted guidelines, you can lower this risk and help more people access your site’s content.
2. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act
Section 508 applies to federal agencies and other organizations that receive federal funding. It requires that electronic and information technology, including websites, be accessible. This standard guides agencies on what to do, and it also helps private businesses learn from these rules.
If you work with government agencies, Section 508 legal compliance might be required in your contracts. This can impact design choices and the tools you use to develop your website.
International Regulations
You may operate in more than one country, or you might have users from around the world. Different regions have their own accessibility laws. A few common examples include:
- European Accessibility Act (EAA): Covers digital products and services in the European Union.
- Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA): Requires organizations in Ontario, Canada, to meet set standards.
- Australian DDA (Disability Discrimination Act): Digital accessibility is included in its guidelines.
These laws share a common goal: allowing all people, regardless of ability, to take part in online activities.
Consequences of Non-Compliance
Failure to follow these standards can lead to serious problems for your business.
- Legal Risks: Lawsuits can be expensive. Defending even one lawsuit can cost tens of thousands of dollars or more, depending on the complexity of the claims.
- Reputational Damage: People may avoid businesses that do not serve all users equally. This can lead to negative press or social media criticism.
- Lost Opportunities: Many potential customers have disabilities. If they cannot use your website, they will go elsewhere.
WCAG includes different levels of compliance: A, AA, and AAA. Many legal compliance guidelines suggest aiming for WCAG 2.1 Level AA. This level covers the most common issues without being too restrictive for most businesses.
The Role of WCAG in Accessibility
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), are the most widely accepted standards for web accessibility. They are built around four main ideas:
- Perceivable: Users must be able to see or hear your content in some form. This includes captions for videos and text alternatives for images.
- Operable: Your site’s features must be usable by different input methods, such as a keyboard.
- Understandable: Both the content and design should be clear.
- Robust: The site should work well with various assistive technologies, like screen readers.
WCAG includes different levels of compliance: A, AA, and AAA. Many legal guidelines suggest aiming for WCAG 2.1 Level AA. This level covers the most common issues without being too restrictive for most businesses.
Best Practices to Maintain Legal Compliance
Run an Accessibility Audit
Start by checking the current state of your website. Several free and paid tools can evaluate your site’s accessibility. Examples include:
- WAVE: Highlights problem areas on your pages.
- Google Lighthouse: Checks performance and accessibility within Google Chrome.
Automated scans are helpful, but combine them with real user tests if possible.
Fix Common Barriers
After your audit, address any problem areas. Common fixes include:
- Adding alt text to images.
- Correcting color contrast so the text is easier to read.
- Ensuring forms and buttons are usable by keyboard navigation.
If your videos or audio files do not have captions or transcripts, add them.
Train Your Team
Everyone who posts content or updates your website should know basic accessibility practices. Teach them how to add alt text, format headings correctly, and keep color contrast in mind. Regular training prevents future mistakes that can harm accessibility.
Adopt a Clear Design and Layout
Use consistent headings, simple menus, and clear labels on your forms. This supports users who rely on screen readers or have cognitive challenges. It also creates a more pleasant experience for all users.
Review and Update Regularly
Websites change over time. New pages, features, or media can create fresh challenges. Perform routine reviews to catch any new issues. Keep track of updates to WCAG or other legal compliance guidelines.
Practical Tools to Assist with Accessibility
- Screen Readers (NVDA, JAWS): Let you hear how your site sounds to a user with visual impairments.
- Color Contrast Checkers (WebAIM): Show you if your text and background colors meet recommended contrast levels.
- Keyboard Testing: Move through your site using only a keyboard. Watch for traps or areas where you cannot reach buttons and links.
These tools help you spot issues quickly. They also help you confirm that your fixes are working as expected.
Additional Resources
If you need more guidance, look into these sources:
- WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind): Provides tutorials and articles on creating inclusive websites.
- The A11Y Project: A community-driven site with accessibility resources, tips, and tools.
- W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI): The official home of WCAG, plus other technical resources.
Learning about accessibility is an ongoing process. Changes in technology and updates to the law mean there is always more to discover.
Moving Forward with an Inclusive Approach
Making your website accessible isn’t just about legal compliance—it’s about creating a space where everyone feels welcome. By keeping accessibility in mind, you’re not just protecting your business; you’re also showing your customers that you value their experience and needs.
Accessibility doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Start with small, intentional steps to improve your site and keep building from there. If you’re unsure where to start or want guidance, let us help. Schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital and get practical advice tailored to your business. Together, we can make your website an inclusive and inviting space for all users.