Accessibility Archives - Page 6 of 16/Tag

Can Free Web Accessibility Tools Improve Your Website?
If you’re new to website accessibility, you might feel a bit overwhelmed by all the information out there. You may have heard about legal requirements, user experience best practices, and even some fancy-sounding tools. But where do you begin? Maybe you’re wondering if a few free tools can do everything you need or if you’ll have to hire an expert. Rest assured, even small improvements can have a huge impact on your audience. We’ve also rounded up some of the best free tools to get you started—so you can begin making a difference right away without breaking the bank. It’s all about progress over perfection, so let’s dive in!

What is a Website Accessibility Audit?

A website accessibility audit is a thorough evaluation of your website to identify barriers that might prevent people with disabilities from accessing your content. These barriers can include issues with navigation, readability, or compatibility with assistive technologies like screen readers. The goal of an audit is to ensure that everyone uses your website, regardless of their abilities.

Why Conduct a Website Accessibility Audit?

Before we jump into the free tools, let’s talk about why accessibility matters. For starters, it’s the right thing to do. Everyone deserves a fair shot at using the web. But it also has major perks for you:

Better User Experience

An accessible website isn’t just for people with disabilities; it improves the experience for all users. When users can quickly find what they need and interact seamlessly, they’re more likely to stay longer, return, and even convert. Simply put, good accessibility means a smoother, more satisfying experience for all.

Higher Search Engine Rankings

Search engines favor websites with a clear structure and good usability, which means accessibility improvements can also boost your SEO.

Legal Compliance

Many regions, including the United States, have laws requiring websites to be accessible. Conducting regular accessibility audits helps ensure your site meets standards like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), reducing legal risks and reinforcing your commitment to inclusivity.

By using web accessibility tools, you can tackle these challenges in a manageable way. It’s all about finding the issues, understanding them, and fixing them one step at a time.

Top Free Web Accessibility Tools

Now, let’s explore some of the best free web accessibility tools out there. These tools can give you a snapshot of common issues—like color contrast problems or missing headings—and help you decide what to fix first.

1. WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool)

WAVE is a free browser extension and online service. You just plug in your site’s URL, and it gives you a report. WAVE highlights issues in real-time, pointing out where you might need better alt text or labeling. It also marks contrast errors. Because it’s from WebAIM, you know the tool has a solid background in accessibility guidelines.

How to Use WAVE
- Visit the WAVE website.
- Enter your website URL or upload a file.
- Review the visual feedback and detailed report to identify and fix issues.
2. Google Lighthouse

Google Lighthouse is built right into the Google Chrome browser. If you open your site, press the “F12” key (on Windows), and head to the “Lighthouse” tab, you can run an accessibility audit. It scores your site on things like color contrast, proper headings, and more. It’s not perfect, but it’s a great jumpstart in your journey to a more accessible site.

How to Use Google Lighthouse
- Open your website in Google Chrome.
- Right-click and select “Inspect” to open DevTools.
- Navigate to the “Lighthouse” tab.
- Choose the “Accessibility” category and run the audit.
- Analyze the generated report and address the highlighted issues.
3. Contrast Checker by WebAIM

Ever squinted at text because it was too light? The Contrast Checker helps you avoid that by testing color pairs. You type in your text color and background color, and it tells you if they meet the WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) standards. This is one of those web accessibility tools that’s simple but very effective.

How to Use the Contrast Checker
- Go to the WebAIM Contrast Checker page.
- Enter the foreground (text) and background color values.
- The tool will indicate whether the contrast ratio meets WCAG standards.
4. Accessibility Insights

Accessibility Insights is a free, open-source tool from Microsoft. It offers both automated checks and guided manual tests. The automated checks are quick and easy, while the guided process teaches you how to find deeper issues. This makes it one of the more beginner-friendly web accessibility tools out there.

Practical Steps to Improve Your Website’s Accessibility

Using these free web accessibility tools is just the beginning. After you get your scan results, you need to take action. Here are a few steps you can start with:
1. Add Alt Text to Images: Make sure every image has a helpful text description. This is especially important if the image contains meaningful information.
2. Use Proper Headings: Structure your content with <h1> for titles, <h2> for main sections, and so on. This helps screen reader users navigate your pages.
3. Check Color Contrast: Use a tool like Contrast Checker by WebAIM to ensure your text is visible against its background.
4. Label Your Forms: Make sure all form fields have clear labels. This helps screen reader users fill out forms without confusion.
5. Add Descriptive Link Text: Avoid vague text like “click here.” Instead, describe what the link leads to, such as “View our Accessibility Guide.”
Keep in mind that these improvements benefit everyone, not just users with disabilities. People browsing on mobile devices, for example, appreciate clear structure and easy-to-read text, too.

Technical Explanations Made Simple

WCAG

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines are like the rules of the road for website accessibility. They tell you the best practices for things like color contrast, keyboard navigation, and more.

Screen Readers

These are programs that read text on a screen aloud for people who can’t see the content. If your site is poorly structured, screen readers may stumble, making your site frustrating or even impossible to use.

ARIA Tags

ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) tags help make dynamic content accessible. If you have dropdown menus or pop-up windows, ARIA can signal to assistive technologies how those elements should behave.

By understanding these basics, you can go beyond just automated scans and make meaningful changes.

The Limitations of Free Tools

As great as these free web accessibility tools are, they can only do so much. They mostly check for errors that can be caught by automated rules. They might flag missing alt text or color contrast issues, but they can’t always figure out the context of an image or the logic behind a complex form. They also can’t simulate how a person using a screen reader or keyboard-only navigation might interact with your site. In fact, automated scans can only detect around 30% of accessibility errors. That means you’ll still have hidden issues that only a real user with assistive technology or a skilled reviewer can uncover.

It’s a bit like relying on a spelling checker to edit a long report. Sure, it catches most misspellings, but not the misused words or awkward sentences. You still need a human editor to clean it up completely.

Moving Forward With a More Inclusive Website

Free web accessibility tools give you a fantastic starting point. They shine a light on basic issues and help you learn the ropes of website accessibility. But remember that these scans only catch about a third of the barriers your visitors might face. That’s why a deeper dive—like manual testing, user feedback, and expert reviews—is so important.

By taking these first steps, you’re already showing you care about providing an inclusive and welcoming space for everyone. Ready to keep going? We at 216digital can help you take your accessibility journey to the next level. Whether you need a more comprehensive audit, expert guidance, or hands-on assistance, our team is here to make sure your site truly meets the needs of all users. Reach out today, and let’s keep building a more accessible web—together!
Greg McNeil

January 28, 2025

Testing & Remediation

Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, evaluation tools, Web Accessibility, Web accessibility tools
Common Barriers Found in Accessibility Monitoring
Have you ever tried to use a website or open an email, only to find that some parts are impossible to read or use? That’s exactly what happens to people who face accessibility barriers online. Web accessibility is all about making sure digital content can be used by everyone, including people with disabilities. It covers things like readable text, clear navigation, and even how images are described for those who rely on screen readers.

A great way to keep your website or marketing emails user-friendly for all is through routine accessibility monitoring. Think of accessibility monitoring as a regular check-up that catches problems before they become bigger headaches. This practice is not just about following rules; it’s about ensuring your audience feels valued and included.

The Importance of Ongoing Accessibility Monitoring

Accessibility is an evolving target. Standards shift, technologies change, and user needs grow more complex. That’s why a one-time audit is rarely sufficient. Instead, incorporating accessibility monitoring into your regular workflow offers multiple benefits:

Early Issue Detection

When you track accessibility metrics continuously, you can detect and address accessibility gaps before they become widespread or lead to costly legal issues. This proactive approach helps avoid major overhauls, saving both time and money.

Improved User Experience

The best user experiences are built on consistency and reliability. When a website is accessible, it isn’t just beneficial for users with disabilities—it enhances the site’s overall usability, making it more intuitive and enjoyable for everyone.

Brand Reputation and Trust

Demonstrating a commitment to inclusivity can significantly bolster your brand reputation. Users who find your platform welcoming are more likely to trust your brand, return for future visits, and recommend you to others.

Regulatory Compliance

Accessibility regulations, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the U.S. or the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) internationally, are increasingly enforced. Routine monitoring ensures your site remains in compliance, mitigating the risk of legal action or damage to your brand image.

Common Accessibility Barriers Identified

Accessibility issues can vary widely from site to site. However, accessibility monitoring consistently highlights some recurring problem areas. Below are a few of the most common explanations of why they matter.

Missing Alternative (Alt) Text for Images

Alt text (or “alternative text”) is a short written description of an image, embedded in the HTML using the alt attribute. This text is essential for screen readers to convey the meaning of the image to users who cannot see it.

Why It Matters
- A user who relies on assistive technology may only hear “image” or “graphic” if alt text is not provided.
- Missing alt text not only harms accessibility but also impacts SEO, as search engines use alt text to understand image context.
Solution

Always add descriptive alt text that explains what’s in the image. For example, “A smiling person holding a coffee cup,” rather than “coffee-cup.jpg.”

Insufficient Color Contrast

Color contrast refers to the ratio between the foreground (text or important elements) and the background. Low contrast can make text and interface elements nearly unreadable for users with visual impairments.

Why It Matters
- Users with color vision deficiencies, low vision, or even older monitors can struggle to perceive low-contrast elements.
- Poor contrast reduces readability and increases user frustration, potentially leading to lost conversions for e-commerce sites.
Solution

Use color contrast tools to check your text and background combinations. Aim for contrast ratios that meet WCAG standards, like a ratio of at least 4.5:1 for most text.

Keyboard Navigation Failures

Not everyone navigates a website using a mouse or a trackpad. Many rely on their keyboard (or keyboard-like devices) to move through links, buttons, and form fields.

Why It Matters
- If a website’s interactive elements are not properly coded for tab or arrow-key navigation, users with motor impairments or who rely on screen readers can become “stuck” on the site or unable to complete essential tasks.
- In e-commerce, this can cause significant revenue loss if customers cannot move through the purchase funnel without a mouse.
Solution

Make sure you can move between all clickable or interactive elements using the keyboard alone. This includes things like buttons, links, and form fields.

Missing Form Input Labels

Forms with missing or unclear labels can create major barriers. Users relying on assistive technology might not understand what data each form field requires.

Why It Matters
- For e-commerce, if a prospective buyer cannot fill out billing and shipping forms, they simply can’t complete a purchase.
- Proper labeling reduces errors, cart abandonment, and user frustration.
Solution

Always pair form fields with clear and descriptive labels. For instance, “First Name” should clearly label the first name field.

Missing or Improperly Structured Headings

Headings (e.g., <h1>, <h2> provide a logical structure for your content, enabling users with screen readers to navigate effectively.

Why It Matters
- Screen readers often rely on heading tags to jump to different sections of the page.
- A lack of proper hierarchy can make content confusing and time-consuming to navigate, especially if headings are out of order (e.g., an <h3> directly following an <h1>).
What Monitoring Reveals

Accessibility monitoring tools and manual audits can uncover pages with mismatched headings, missing headings, or headings used for stylistic purposes rather than structural ones.

Benefits of Accessibility Monitoring for Web Developers and Ecommerce Managers

Whether you’re responsible for building new platforms or maintaining existing ones, the benefits of accessibility monitoring extend far beyond mere compliance:

Reduced Development Bottlenecks

Identifying and fixing accessibility concerns early in the development process prevents technical debt from piling up. Smaller, more manageable updates are generally simpler to implement, saving development resources in the long run.

Increased Conversion Rates

Accessibility improvements often go hand in hand with better user experience. A site optimized for all users naturally boasts higher conversion rates because it eliminates unnecessary friction in the user journey.

Stronger Data

By continuously tracking accessibility metrics, you gain insight into how people actually use your site. This data can help shape design decisions and user research, contributing to a more holistic product strategy.

Mitigated Legal Risks

In many regions, having an inaccessible website can lead to lawsuits or fines. Ongoing monitoring demonstrates due diligence and places you in a stronger legal position if accessibility complaints arise.

Recommended Tools for Accessibility Monitoring

With various platforms and user scenarios to consider, it’s impossible to cover accessibility manually alone. Thankfully, a range of tools exist to help simplify this process:

Automated Accessibility Scanners
- WAVE: A browser extension that highlights accessibility issues right on the page and offers detailed explanations.
- Accessibility Radar (a11y.Radar): An advanced accessibility scanning tool that provides comprehensive reports on accessibility compliance. It integrates seamlessly with development workflows, allowing for continuous monitoring and real-time feedback during the development process.
- Google Lighthouse: An open-source, automated tool for improving the quality of web pages. It includes accessibility audits that evaluate elements like color contrast, ARIA attributes, and more, offering actionable insights to enhance your site’s accessibility.
Color Contrast Analyzers
- Contrast Checker by WebAIM: Allows you to input foreground and background colors to see if they meet WCAG guidelines.
- Accessible Colors: This gives you suggestions on how to modify your color palette for better contrast.
Screen Reader Testing
- NVDA (Windows), VoiceOver (Mac/iOS), and TalkBack (Android) are commonly used screen readers. Testing your site with these tools ensures a real-world perspective.
CI/CD Integration
- GitHub Actions or GitLab CI: Integrate accessibility checks into your development pipeline so that new commits automatically trigger testing for accessibility regressions.
Best Practices to Maintain an Accessible Website

A robust monitoring strategy is only as good as the actions you take based on its findings. Below are some best practices to ensure that your site remains inclusive:

Make Accessibility Part of Your Design Process

Rather than retrofitting accessibility at the end, consider accessibility from the start. Involve accessibility specialists, if possible, during the wireframing and design phases.

Prioritize Semantics and Structure

Use HTML elements according to their intended purposes. Properly labeled headings, lists, and form fields help both users and assistive technologies make sense of your content.

Adhere Strictly to WCAG Standards

Aim for WCAG 2.1 AA compliance at a minimum. Familiarizing yourself and your team with these guidelines reduces guesswork and ensures you’re meeting widely recognized standards.

Incorporate Regular Training

All team members, from designers to content writers, should understand the basics of accessibility. This ensures a unified approach and reduces the likelihood of new barriers being introduced.

Schedule Routine Audits

Even if your tools are robust, manual reviews are still invaluable. Implement a monthly or quarterly accessibility review process to catch anything automated tools might miss, such as nuanced usability concerns.

Create an Accessibility Statement

Let users know your site strives for accessibility. Provide them with a clear channel to report issues, demonstrating that you value their feedback and are committed to continuous improvement.

Conclusion

Maintaining a website that is usable and delightful for everyone requires consistent attention to accessibility. Through routine accessibility monitoring, you can uncover the most common barriers—like missing alt text, color contrast issues, and keyboard navigation failures—and address them long before they negatively impact the user experience or invite legal complications.

216digital offers a variety of accessibility monitoring solutions and packages. If you’d like to know more, please reach out using the contact form below.
Greg McNeil

January 27, 2025

Web Accessibility Monitoring

a11y.Radar, Accessibility, Accessibility monitoring, Web Accessibility, web accessibility monitoring, Website Accessibility
Web Accessibility: Making Drop-Down Menus User-Friendly
Drop-down menus are a staple in website navigation, offering a compact way to organize and access multiple links. But while they streamline user experience, they can also create significant barriers if not designed with accessibility in mind. For users who rely on screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive technologies, a poorly implemented menu can turn a simple browsing experience into a frustrating ordeal.

This article will guide website owners, developers, and content creators on how to create accessible drop-down menus that enhance usability for all users. We’ll cover foundational accessibility principles, best coding practices, and testing methods to ensure your menus are inclusive and user-friendly.

Foundational Accessibility Principles for Drop-Down Menus

To build accessible drop-down menus, start by understanding core web accessibility principles. Here are the three most critical aspects:

1. Use Semantic HTML

Semantic HTML ensures that content is meaningful and properly interpreted by assistive technologies. Instead of using <div> or <span> elements for interactive components, use appropriate HTML elements like:
- <nav> for navigation sections
- <ul> and <li> for menu structures
- <button> to toggle drop-down visibility
For example:
```
<nav>
  <button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="menuButton">Menu</button>
  <ul id="menu" hidden>
    <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
  </ul>
</nav>
```
2. Ensure Keyboard Navigation

Users who navigate via keyboard should be able to open, close, and move through the menu using the Tab and arrow keys. Ensure the following behaviors:
- The menu should open with Enter or Space when focused on the toggle button.
- The Esc key should close the menu.
- Arrow keys should allow navigation within the menu items.
3. Use ARIA Roles and Attributes Wisely

ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) attributes help convey additional information to screen readers. However, improper use can create confusion. Apply ARIA roles correctly:
- aria-haspopup="true" indicates that a button controls a drop-down menu.
- aria-expanded="false" updates dynamically when the menu is opened or closed.
- role="menu" and role="menuitem" clarify the structure.
Example implementation:
```
<button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="menuButton">Menu</button>
<ul id="menu" role="menu" hidden>
  <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
  <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">About</a></li>
  <li role="menuitem"><a href="#">Services</a></li>
</ul>
```
Structuring Accessible Drop-Down Menus

Now that we’ve covered the principles, let’s implement an accessible drop-down menu using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

1. Toggling Visibility

A menu should only be visible when needed. Use JavaScript to control visibility:
```
const menuButton = document.getElementById('menuButton');
const menu = document.getElementById('menu');
menuButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
  const expanded = menuButton.getAttribute('aria-expanded') === 'true';
  menuButton.setAttribute('aria-expanded', !expanded);
  menu.hidden = expanded;
});
```
2. Managing Focus for Keyboard Users

When a menu opens, focus should shift inside it. When it closes, focus should return to the toggle button:
```
toggle button:
menuButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
  menu.hidden = !menu.hidden;
  menu.hidden ? menuButton.focus() : menu.querySelector('a').focus();
});
```
3. Enabling Smooth Keyboard Interactions

To navigate the menu with arrow keys, use this approach:
```
menu.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {
  const items = [...menu.querySelectorAll('a')];
  let index = items.indexOf(document.activeElement);
  
  if (event.key === 'ArrowDown') {
    event.preventDefault();
    index = (index + 1) % items.length;
    items[index].focus();
  } else if (event.key === 'ArrowUp') {
    event.preventDefault();
    index = (index - 1 + items.length) % items.length;
    items[index].focus();
  } else if (event.key === 'Escape') {
    menu.hidden = true;
    menuButton.focus();
  }
});
```
Testing Your Drop-Down Menus for Accessibility

1. Screen Reader Testing

Use a screen reader like NVDA (Windows), VoiceOver (Mac), or JAWS to ensure:
- Menus are announced properly.
- aria-expanded updates correctly.
- Navigation follows expected patterns.
2. Keyboard Testing

Try navigating your menu using only the keyboard. Ensure:
- Tab reaches the menu.
- Enter or Space opens the menu.
- Arrow keys move between items.
- Esc closes the menu.
3. Contrast and Readability

Ensure proper color contrast between text and background. Use tools like the WebAIM Contrast Checker to verify compliance with WCAG 2.1 standards.

Best Practices for Creating Intuitive Menus
- Keep It Simple: Avoid deep nesting that makes menus cumbersome.
- Ensure Mobile Friendliness: Use larger touch targets for better usability.
- Avoid Hover-Only Menus: They exclude keyboard users and some assistive technology users.
- Provide Visual Indicators: Show clear changes when menus expand or collapse.
Conclusion

By using semantic HTML, managing focus properly, implementing ARIA roles correctly, and rigorously testing your menus, you can ensure they work for all users, regardless of ability.

Accessible drop-down menus not only improve usability but also make your site more welcoming to all visitors. Implement these best practices today and make your navigation barrier-free!

If you’re ready to take the next step toward digital inclusion, reach out to 216digital to schedule an ADA briefing. We’ll help you assess your website, develop a tailored plan, and guide you through the process of building an online presence that works for everyone. Don’t wait—contact us today and let’s make the internet a more accessible place together.
Greg McNeil

January 24, 2025

How-to Guides

Accessibility, drop-down menus, How-to, WCAG, Web Accessibility, web developers, web development
ADA Lawsuits Are Changing: What It Means for You
In 2024, digital accessibility became a critical focus for businesses as ADA compliance lawsuits revealed new challenges and risks. While the number of lawsuits stayed high, the strategies behind them shifted in surprising ways. These changes underscored the growing need for businesses to stay proactive, not just reactive, about accessibility.

Whether you’re a business owner, developer, or part of an e-commerce team, understanding these trends can help you avoid legal pitfalls and create a better online experience for everyone. In this article, we’ll explore how ADA compliance lawsuits evolved from 2023 to 2024 and share practical steps to safeguard your business.

The Rise and Shift of ADA Lawsuits for Websites

In 2023, there were more than 4,500 website-related ADA lawsuits—continuing an upward trend from previous years. By 2024, that number stayed significant, with over 4,000 filings. However, the real story lies in how these cases progressed. While federal lawsuits dipped slightly, state-level claims surged, catching some businesses off guard.

But where are these lawsuits happening most often? Understanding the geographic hotspots for ADA litigation can give businesses insight into where compliance is under the most scrutiny—and help them prepare accordingly.

Geographic Hotspots

New York again stood out as a hotspot for ADA lawsuits. Favorable state laws and a high concentration of plaintiff law firms contributed to a spike in litigation there. California remained a close second, largely due to its “physical nexus” requirement that often ties digital accessibility to brick-and-mortar stores. For businesses operating or selling in these states, the message was clear: staying ahead of accessibility standards is crucial to reduce legal exposure.

Widgets and Overlays Don’t Cut It

It came as no surprise in 2024 that accessibility widgets and overlays repeatedly fell short of their promises. Many of these so-called “quick fixes” only mask deeper barriers instead of truly solving them—an approach that inevitably leaves websites vulnerable to lawsuits. Over 1,000 businesses discovered this the hard way last year, getting hit with legal action despite having widgets in place.

Why Do Overlays Fail?

Widget typically offer superficial features like text-to-speech or color contrast settings, but they don’t fix the underlying coding errors—unlabeled buttons, broken forms, or improper heading structures—that truly affect users with disabilities. Plaintiffs and their attorneys have become more vigilant in spotting these shortcomings, and rightfully so. If a website is rife with barriers, a widget can’t make it magically accessible. Instead, a holistic approach that addresses root design and development problems is the only reliable way to ensure your site is inclusive and shielded from legal challenges.

Even beyond the issues with overlays, businesses faced another growing challenge in 2024: repeat lawsuits.

The Growing Challenge of Repeat Lawsuits

One of the most alarming trends of 2024 was the rise in repeat lawsuits. Around 40% of lawsuits targeted businesses that had already been sued. Yup, repeat lawsuits are on the rise, and they’re exposing a common problem.

Many companies settle a case, fix a few issues, and then move on. But if you only patch up one part of your site—or ignore your mobile app and subdomains—you’re leaving the door wide open for another round of ADA lawsuits.

The lesson here is pretty clear: you need a comprehensive approach to accessibility. That means reviewing every part of your online presence, not just the parts that got flagged before.

Why E-Commerce Websites Were the Hardest Hit

Just like in 2023, e-commerce businesses were a favorite target for ADA lawsuits in 2024. It’s not hard to see why.

Online stores change all the time—new products, fresh promotions, and constant updates. But every tweak and addition is an opportunity for accessibility issues to sneak in. If your product images don’t have alt text or your checkout page isn’t screen reader-friendly, you’re putting up barriers for customers.

And here’s the kicker: it’s easy for plaintiffs to prove harm when they can show they couldn’t complete a purchase because of these barriers. That makes e-commerce sites a prime target.

The takeaway? Prioritize accessibility. It’s not just about avoiding lawsuits—it’s about making shopping easier and more enjoyable for everyone.

What You Can Do to Avoid ADA Lawsuits

So, what’s the game plan for staying out of trouble? Here are some practical steps to help you avoid ADA lawsuits:
1. Audit Your Site Regularly: Use tools to check for issues like missing alt text, poor keyboard navigation, or inaccessible forms. And don’t stop at automated tools—manual checks are just as important.
2. Work With Accessibility Pros: Partner with experts who can guide you through the process of making your site compliant.
3. Educate Your Team: Train your developers, designers, and content creators on accessibility best practices. The more they know, the fewer issues they’ll create.
4. Involve Real Users: Test your site with people who use assistive technologies. Their feedback is invaluable.
5. Ditch the Widgets: Instead of relying on overlays, invest in long-term fixes that address the root of your accessibility challenges.
Accessibility: A Legal Requirement and a Moral Choice

The rise in ADA lawsuits from 2023 to 2024 proves that accessibility isn’t going away. If anything, the pressure to comply will only grow, especially with new guidelines like WCAG 2.2 and increased enforcement from the Department of Justice.

But accessibility isn’t just about avoiding lawsuits. It’s about making the internet a more inclusive space. When your website is accessible, you’re opening your doors to everyone, regardless of ability.

Don’t leave accessibility to chance. At 216digital, we specialize in helping businesses like yours navigate the complexities of digital accessibility. From comprehensive audits to ongoing support and monitoring through our a11y.Radar tool, we’ve got you covered. Let us help you stay compliant, reduce your risk, and create a website that works for everyone.

Take the first step today—schedule your ADA compliance consultation with 216digital. Together, we’ll build a more inclusive digital experience for your business and your customers.
Greg McNeil

January 23, 2025

Legal Compliance

2024 accessibility lawsuits, Accessibility, ADA Lawsuit, ADA Lawsuits, web accessibility lawsuits, Website Accessibility
Legal Compliance for Websites: A Guide to Accessibility
Legal compliance for websites is a key step toward building a welcoming digital space.

When you create a website, you want as many people as possible to enjoy it. This goal includes users with disabilities who may rely on assistive technology.

This guide will explain the main laws and guidelines that affect website accessibility. It will also share tips on how to keep your site compliant. By the end, you will have a better grasp of how to protect your business and create a better online experience.

Why Accessibility Matters

Accessibility is about making sure that all users, including those with disabilities, can interact with your website. People have different needs. Some use screen readers to hear text read aloud, while others navigate websites by keyboard or voice commands.

When your website is accessible, you open your doors to a bigger audience. You also reduce legal risks. Many businesses have faced lawsuits for failing to meet these standards. A commitment to legal compliance and accessibility can improve customer trust and brand image.

Major Accessibility Laws in the United States

1. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

The ADA is a civil rights law that bans discrimination based on disability in many areas of public life. Though it does not mention websites directly, courts often view online spaces as public places. This means that business websites need to be usable by people with disabilities.

A growing number of lawsuits focus on ADA website violations.

Businesses in retail, hospitality, and beyond have faced legal action. By prioritizing legal compliance and following accepted guidelines, you can lower this risk and help more people access your site’s content.

2. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act

Section 508 applies to federal agencies and other organizations that receive federal funding. It requires that electronic and information technology, including websites, be accessible. This standard guides agencies on what to do, and it also helps private businesses learn from these rules.

If you work with government agencies, Section 508 legal compliance might be required in your contracts. This can impact design choices and the tools you use to develop your website.

International Regulations

You may operate in more than one country, or you might have users from around the world. Different regions have their own accessibility laws. A few common examples include:
- European Accessibility Act (EAA): Covers digital products and services in the European Union.
- Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA): Requires organizations in Ontario, Canada, to meet set standards.
- Australian DDA (Disability Discrimination Act): Digital accessibility is included in its guidelines.
These laws share a common goal: allowing all people, regardless of ability, to take part in online activities.

Consequences of Non-Compliance

Failure to follow these standards can lead to serious problems for your business.
1. Legal Risks: Lawsuits can be expensive. Defending even one lawsuit can cost tens of thousands of dollars or more, depending on the complexity of the claims.
2. Reputational Damage: People may avoid businesses that do not serve all users equally. This can lead to negative press or social media criticism.
3. Lost Opportunities: Many potential customers have disabilities. If they cannot use your website, they will go elsewhere.
WCAG includes different levels of compliance: A, AA, and AAA. Many legal compliance guidelines suggest aiming for WCAG 2.1 Level AA. This level covers the most common issues without being too restrictive for most businesses.

The Role of WCAG in Accessibility

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), are the most widely accepted standards for web accessibility. They are built around four main ideas:
1. Perceivable: Users must be able to see or hear your content in some form. This includes captions for videos and text alternatives for images.
2. Operable: Your site’s features must be usable by different input methods, such as a keyboard.
3. Understandable: Both the content and design should be clear.
4. Robust: The site should work well with various assistive technologies, like screen readers.
WCAG includes different levels of compliance: A, AA, and AAA. Many legal guidelines suggest aiming for WCAG 2.1 Level AA. This level covers the most common issues without being too restrictive for most businesses.

Best Practices to Maintain Legal Compliance

Run an Accessibility Audit

Start by checking the current state of your website. Several free and paid tools can evaluate your site’s accessibility. Examples include:
- WAVE: Highlights problem areas on your pages.
- Google Lighthouse: Checks performance and accessibility within Google Chrome.
Automated scans are helpful, but combine them with real user tests if possible.

Fix Common Barriers

After your audit, address any problem areas. Common fixes include:
- Adding alt text to images.
- Correcting color contrast so the text is easier to read.
- Ensuring forms and buttons are usable by keyboard navigation.
If your videos or audio files do not have captions or transcripts, add them.

Train Your Team

Everyone who posts content or updates your website should know basic accessibility practices. Teach them how to add alt text, format headings correctly, and keep color contrast in mind. Regular training prevents future mistakes that can harm accessibility.

Adopt a Clear Design and Layout

Use consistent headings, simple menus, and clear labels on your forms. This supports users who rely on screen readers or have cognitive challenges. It also creates a more pleasant experience for all users.

Review and Update Regularly

Websites change over time. New pages, features, or media can create fresh challenges. Perform routine reviews to catch any new issues. Keep track of updates to WCAG or other legal compliance guidelines.

Practical Tools to Assist with Accessibility
- Screen Readers (NVDA, JAWS): Let you hear how your site sounds to a user with visual impairments.
- Color Contrast Checkers (WebAIM): Show you if your text and background colors meet recommended contrast levels.
- Keyboard Testing: Move through your site using only a keyboard. Watch for traps or areas where you cannot reach buttons and links.
These tools help you spot issues quickly. They also help you confirm that your fixes are working as expected.

Additional Resources

If you need more guidance, look into these sources:
- WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind): Provides tutorials and articles on creating inclusive websites.
- The A11Y Project: A community-driven site with accessibility resources, tips, and tools.
- W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI): The official home of WCAG, plus other technical resources.
Learning about accessibility is an ongoing process. Changes in technology and updates to the law mean there is always more to discover.

Moving Forward with an Inclusive Approach

Making your website accessible isn’t just about legal compliance—it’s about creating a space where everyone feels welcome. By keeping accessibility in mind, you’re not just protecting your business; you’re also showing your customers that you value their experience and needs.

Accessibility doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Start with small, intentional steps to improve your site and keep building from there. If you’re unsure where to start or want guidance, let us help. Schedule an ADA briefing with 216digital and get practical advice tailored to your business. Together, we can make your website an inclusive and inviting space for all users.
Greg McNeil

January 22, 2025

Legal Compliance

Accessibility, ADA, EAA, Legal compliance, Section 508, WCAG, WCAG Compliance
Accessibility Testing: Prioritize Fixes That Truly Matter
Accessibility can feel like an overwhelming mountain to climb. Every round of accessibility testing uncovers new problems—some obvious, others hidden deep in the code or design. Where do you start when everything seems important? What if you tackle the wrong issue first, leaving users still stuck?

These questions are important, and the answers can transform how your website serves all visitors. This guide isn’t just about fixing problems—it’s about focusing your efforts where they matter most. By exploring WebAIM’s four-level severity framework, you’ll learn how to prioritize issues effectively and make meaningful progress toward an inclusive website. Let’s dive in and figure this out together.

WebAIM’s Four-Level Severity Framework

WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind) categorizes accessibility issues into four levels of severity based on their impact on users. These categories help prioritize fixes by focusing on barriers that significantly affect user experience and access.

Critical Issues

Critical issues completely block users from accessing specific parts of your website or performing essential tasks. Addressing these issues should be the highest priority. Examples include:
- Interactive elements, such as buttons or form inputs, that cannot be reached or activated using a keyboard.
- Videos without captions, which exclude users who are deaf or hard of hearing.
- Content that flashes or strobes in a way that could cause seizures for individuals with photosensitive epilepsy.
To prevent these barriers, developers should prioritize using accessible, native HTML elements and perform thorough accessibility testing, including keyboard and screen reader evaluations, during the development process.

Significant Issues

Significant issues do not entirely block access but make interacting with the website cumbersome or frustrating for users. Examples include:
- Missing visual focus indicators, which make it challenging for keyboard users to identify the currently focused element.
- Poor color contrast that makes text difficult to read for users with visual impairments.
These issues disrupt the user experience and should be addressed soon after critical issues to enhance accessibility.

Moderate Issues

Moderate issues require users to expend unnecessary effort or time to navigate and interact with web content but do not entirely impede access. Examples include:
- Lack of properly structured semantic HTML, such as headings and regions, which slows navigation for screen reader users.
- Generic or vague descriptive link text (e.g., “Click here”) that fails to describe the destination or action clearly.
- Animations that lack user controls, making it difficult for some users to focus on other content.
Comprehensive accessibility testing ensures these moderate issues are identified and addressed to improve usability for all users.

Minor Issues

Minor issues do not create significant barriers but contribute to a polished and professional user experience when resolved. Examples include:
- Slight inconsistencies in focus styles for keyboard navigation.
- Overuse of ARIA attributes, such as redundant tabindex values on elements that are already focusable.
While not urgent, fixing minor issues during routine updates demonstrates attention to detail and commitment to accessibility best practices.

Step-by-Step Guide to Prioritizing Accessibility Fixes

Feeling unsure where to start? Don’t worry—you’re not alone. Here’s a simple plan to categorize and tackle accessibility issues step by step:

1. Conduct a Comprehensive Accessibility Audit

Begin by testing your site with tools like WAVE and Lighthouse. Then, complement these results with manual testing—navigate your site with a keyboard, try a screen reader, and zoom your browser window. Automated tools catch many issues, but hands-on testing uncovers usability challenges they miss.

2. Categorize Issues by Severity

Use WebAIM’s framework to prioritize fixes:
- Critical issues should top your list, as they directly prevent access.
- Serious issues come next, addressing significant usability gaps.
- Moderate and minor issues can be grouped for later phases.
A structured approach to accessibility testing ensures the most pressing barriers are resolved first.

3. Consider the Impact on Your Audience

Think about how each issue affects your users. For example, missing alt text on product images affects a wide audience and should take precedence. If you have user feedback, use it to identify pain points that need urgent attention.

4. Focus on High-Traffic and High-Value Pages

Start your efforts where they’ll have the greatest impact:
- Homepage and landing pages.
- Key interaction points like forms or checkout pages.
- Frequently accessed resources such as blogs or FAQs.
By targeting these areas during accessibility testing, you ensure that the improvements benefit the largest number of users.

5. Use a Phased Approach for Moderate and Minor Issues

After resolving critical and serious issues, create a plan for tackling moderate and minor ones. For instance:
- Update heading structures during new content creation.
- Fix descriptive link text during routine content reviews.
Breaking these tasks into smaller phases makes the process manageable and less overwhelming.

6. Test and Retest

After making fixes, conduct accessibility testing again. If possible, involve users with disabilities to confirm your solutions work in real-world scenarios. Their feedback is invaluable and can guide future improvements.

Tools and Techniques for Effective Accessibility Testing

A good mix of tools and techniques ensures you catch both technical and usability issues. Here’s what to try:
- Automated Tools: WAVE and Lighthouse are great for spotting common errors.
- Manual Testing: Use a keyboard or screen reader to experience your site like some users do.
- Color Contrast Checkers: WebAIM’s Contrast Checker ensures text is easy to read.
- User Testing: Working with people who have disabilities provides first hand insights.
Why Prioritization Matters

Prioritizing fixes has clear benefits:
- Faster Results: You can address critical barriers quickly and make your site accessible sooner.
- Better Use of Resources: Time and budget go toward solving high-impact problems.
- Happier Users: Fixing severe issues first improves usability for everyone.
Taking things one step at a time, with regular accessibility testing, makes the process less overwhelming and helps you steadily improve your site.

Final Thoughts

Accessibility can feel like a big undertaking, but it doesn’t have to be. By focusing on the most critical barriers first and conducting consistent accessibility testing, you can make real progress without burning out. Accessibility isn’t a one-time project—it’s an ongoing commitment to creating a better digital experience for all.

Imagine how many more people could enjoy your site if it were accessible to everyone. Whether you’re a developer, IT director, or content creator, each step you take helps make the web a more inclusive place.

And you don’t have to do it alone. 216digital is here to help. From audits to ongoing accessibility testing and monitoring, we’ll guide you every step of the way. Together, we can create a website that’s user-friendly, inclusive, and aligned with the latest standards. Schedule your consultation today, and let’s get started making your site the best it can be!
Greg McNeil

January 21, 2025

How-to Guides

Accessibility, Accessibility testing, automated testing, How-to, WebAIM, Website Accessibility
Why Legal Compliance for Websites Matters in Canada
Imagine landing on a website and feeling stuck because you can’t navigate it properly, read the content, or interact with its features. Frustrating, right? Now imagine that being your daily reality. For many people with disabilities, this is how they experience the web.

That’s where web accessibility comes in. It’s about making sure everyone—regardless of ability—can use websites with ease. Not only is this the ethical thing to do, but it’s also a requirement for legal compliance for websites in Canada and beyond.The good news? It’s easier to achieve than you might think, and it comes with benefits that go far beyond ticking a legal box.

Why Web Accessibility Matters

Web accessibility ensures that everyone, including people with disabilities, can use your website effectively. In Canada, over one in five people have a disability. By making your website accessible, you’re opening it up to a wider audience, improving your SEO, and building a stronger brand.

Failing to address accessibility can exclude potential users, harm your reputation, and even lead to fines or lawsuits. But accessibility isn’t just about avoiding risks—it’s about fulfilling legal compliance for websites and showing you care about inclusivity while meeting the needs of all your customers.

It also gives your business a competitive edge. Many Canadians prefer to support brands that align with their values, including social responsibility. In fact, 25% of Canadian consumers choose brands that demonstrate inclusivity. Making your website accessible shows you’re committed to these values and helps build trust with your audience.

Accessibility Laws in Canada: What You Need to Know

Canada’s federal and provincial laws require businesses to make their websites accessible. All these laws align with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), creating a consistent standard nationwide. Below is a quick overview:
- Accessible Canada Act (ACA): Aims for a barrier-free Canada by 2040. Federal organizations must remove barriers, including those on websites.
- Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA): Requires Ontario businesses to meet WCAG 2.0 Level AA by 2025. Non-compliance can result in fines of up to $100,000 per day.
- Accessibility for Manitobans Act: Focuses on removing barriers, including in technology, with WCAG compliance and staff training required.
- Nova Scotia Accessibility Act: Aims for a fully accessible province by 2030, with penalties up to $250,000 for violations.
- Accessible British Columbia Act: Requires websites to meet WCAG standards, with full implementation by 2024.
These laws emphasize legal compliance for websites to create inclusive digital spaces while highlighting the risks of non-compliance, such as significant fines and damage to your brand’s reputation.

What is WCAG?

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), developed by the Wide Web Consortium (W3C), are the global standard for creating accessible websites. These guidelines provide a framework for ensuring that web content is usable by people with a wide range of disabilities, including visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive, and neurological disabilities.

WCAG is built on four core principles, ensuring that websites are:
- Perceivable: Content must be presented in ways that all users can perceive, whether through sight, hearing, or touch.
- Operable: Navigation and interaction must be functional using various input methods, such as keyboards, voice commands, or assistive devices.
- Understandable: Information and the operation of the user interface should be clear and intuitive.
- Robust: Websites must work with a variety of assistive technologies, including screen readers and text magnifiers
The guidelines are structured across levels of compliance: A (basic), AA (intermediate), and AAA (advanced). For instance, under laws like AODA, Ontario businesses must meet WCAG 2.0 Level AA standards.

Why Accessibility is a Smart Move for Canadian Retailers

Let’s talk business for a minute. Canadians with disabilities represent a market with over CAD 55 billion in annual purchasing power. Making your website accessible means you’re opening your doors to this massive audience.

Accessibility also tackles common issues like shopping cart abandonment. Did you know the average cart abandonment rate is 70%? For users with disabilities, it’s probably even higher—often due to frustrating website designs. By improving accessibility, you’re making it easier for everyone to shop with you, which can boost your sales.

On top of that, Canadians expect brands to align with their values. Studies show that 16% of consumers will stop supporting businesses that don’t prioritize social responsibility. Making your site inclusive sends a clear message: you care about your customers, and you’re committed to doing the right thing.

Why Accessibility Benefits Everyone

When you make your website accessible, you’re not just meeting legal compliance for websites—you’re gaining a ton of other advantages:
- Inclusivity: Your website becomes usable for everyone.
- Better SEO: Search engines love accessible websites, so you’re more likely to rank higher.
- Wider Audience: You’re opening up your site to millions of Canadians with disabilities.
- Stronger Brand Image: Being inclusive shows you care about your customers.
- Legal Protection: You’ll avoid fines and lawsuits, while building a more user-friendly site.
Steps to Make Your Website Accessible

Not sure where to start? Here’s a simple game plan to get your site on the right track:
1. Audit Your Site: Use tools like WAVE and Lighthouse to spot accessibility issues.
2. Learn WCAG Standards: Get familiar with WCAG 2.0 or 2.1 Level AA guidelines.
3. Fix the Basics: Add alt text to images, ensure keyboard navigation works, and include captions for videos.
4. Get Feedback: Work with users who have disabilities to test your site.
5. Educate Your Team: Train your staff on accessibility best practices.
6. Call in the Pros: Accessibility consultants can help with trickier issues.
7. Stay Updated: Keep up with changes in accessibility standards and laws.
The Risks of Ignoring Accessibility

Skipping accessibility isn’t just a bad look—it’s risky business. For example, AODA violations can cost corporations up to $100,000 a day. But the financial cost is just part of the problem.

An inaccessible website can damage your reputation and alienate a large chunk of your audience. People want to support brands that align with their values, and being seen as inaccessible could send them straight to your competitors.

Building a More Inclusive Future

Legal compliance for websites is more than a regulatory checkbox—it’s an opportunity to create a welcoming digital space for everyone. By prioritizing accessibility, you not only expand your audience but also demonstrate your commitment to inclusivity and social responsibility. Canadians value businesses that align with their beliefs, and web accessibility is a clear way to build trust and loyalty while fostering meaningful connections with your customers.

Achieving accessibility doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Simple steps like conducting audits, adhering to WCAG standards, and training your team can make your website more inclusive and user-friendly for all. Accessibility isn’t just about meeting legal requirements—it’s about creating a future where everyone can participate equally in the digital world.

Ready to take the next step? Partner with 216digital for expert guidance on legal compliance for websites. From comprehensive audits to ongoing support, we’ll help you achieve compliance and build a more inclusive online experience. Schedule your ADA briefing today!
Greg McNeil

January 20, 2025

Legal Compliance

Accessibility, accessibility laws, AODA, Canada, International Accessibility Laws, Legal compliance, Website Accessibility
Accessibility in JavaScript: A Developer’s Guide
JavaScript has revolutionized web development, enabling developers to create interactive and dynamic websites. However, these enhancements can also introduce significant accessibility barriers if not implemented thoughtfully. For web developers and eCommerce managers, ensuring that JavaScript-powered features are accessible isn’t just about compliance—it’s about creating an inclusive experience for all users.

This guide explores the essential techniques, testing methods, and best practices to ensure that JavaScript features meet accessibility standards and improve usability for everyone.

Why Accessibility in JavaScript Matters

Interactive JavaScript elements, such as modals, dropdown menus, and dynamic content updates, can be challenging for users with disabilities. Poorly implemented JavaScript can break keyboard navigation, confuse screen readers, or cause focus management issues, creating barriers that exclude a portion of your audience.

By prioritizing accessibility, developers can:
- Meet Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
- Improve user experience for everyone, including users with disabilities.
- Reduce the risk of legal action related to accessibility non-compliance.
- Expand your website’s audience and customer base.
Common Accessibility Barriers in JavaScript

Before diving into solutions, let’s examine some common accessibility pitfalls associated with JavaScript:
1. Keyboard Inaccessibility: Many JavaScript features rely on mouse interactions, neglecting users who navigate with a keyboard.
2. Focus Management Issues: Improper handling of focus can disorient users, especially when triggering modals, popups, or dynamic content.
3. Unlabeled ARIA Roles: Dynamic elements without proper ARIA roles and attributes can confuse screen readers.
4. Non-Compliant Custom Widgets: Custom components like sliders, tabs, or accordions often fail to replicate the functionality of their native HTML counterparts.
5. Content Updates Without Notifications: Dynamic content changes that are not announced to assistive technologies leave users unaware of critical updates.
Best Practices for Accessible JavaScript

To make your JavaScript-powered features inclusive, follow these best practices:

1. Ensure Keyboard Accessibility

All interactive elements must be operable using only a keyboard. Consider the following:
- Use semantic HTML elements like <button>, <a>, and <input>, which have built-in keyboard support.
- Add tabindex= "0" to custom elements to make them focusable.
- Avoid tabindex values greater than 0, which can disrupt the natural tabbing order.
- Implement custom keyboard interactions for widgets like dropdowns and modals. For example, allow users to close a modal with the Escape key.
2. Manage Focus Properly

Focus management is critical when working with dynamic content. Here’s how to handle it:
- Set Initial Focus: When opening a modal, move focus to the first interactive element within it.
- Trap Focus: Prevent users from tabbing out of an open modal.
- Restore Focus: Return focus to the triggering element when the modal is closed.
- Avoid Focus Loss: Ensure that dynamically added content doesn’t cause focus to disappear.
3. Use ARIA Responsibly

Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) can enhance screen reader compatibility, but misuse can lead to confusion. Follow these guidelines:
- Use ARIA Roles: Assign roles like role= "dialog" for modals or role= "menu" for dropdowns.
- Add ARIA States: Use attributes like aria-expanded, aria-hidden, and aria-live to convey element states to assistive technologies.
- Don’t Overuse ARIA: Avoid using ARIA when semantic HTML can achieve the same result.
4. Announce Dynamic Content Updates

For screen reader users, dynamically updated content must be announced clearly:
- Use aria-live regions to alert users to changes in content.
- Set the aria-live attribute to “polite” for non-urgent updates or “assertive” for critical changes.
- Avoid excessive announcements, which can overwhelm users.
5. Test Custom Widgets Thoroughly

If you create custom widgets, ensure they mimic the behavior of native elements:
- Use the WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices Guide as a reference.
- Make widgets focusable, operable via keyboard, and compatible with screen readers.
- Test with multiple assistive technologies and devices to ensure broad accessibility.
Testing JavaScript for Accessibility

Accessibility testing is an essential part of development. Use the following tools and methods to identify and address accessibility issues:

Automated Tools
1. Lighthouse (built into Chrome DevTools): Provides a quick audit of accessibility issues.
2. WAVE: Highlights accessibility problems directly on your webpage.
Manual Testing

Automated tools can’t catch every issue, so manual testing is critical:
- Keyboard Navigation: Ensure all interactive elements are focusable and operable with the Tab and Enter keys.
- Screen Readers: Test your website with screen readers like NVDA, JAWS, or VoiceOver.
- Focus Indicators: Verify that focus indicators are visible and intuitive.
Real-World Scenarios

Test your website with users who rely on assistive technologies. User feedback can uncover issues that developers might overlook.

Meeting WCAG Requirements

To comply with WCAG, focus on these key guidelines:

Perceivable
- Ensure text alternatives for images and icons.
- Provide captions for video content.
Operable
- Make all functionality available via a keyboard.
- Avoid content that flashes more than three times per second.
Understandable
- Use clear labels and instructions.
- Ensure consistent navigation and predictable interactions.
Robust
- Use valid HTML and ARIA attributes to ensure compatibility with assistive technologies.
Benefits of Accessible JavaScript

Implementing accessible JavaScript goes beyond compliance. It delivers tangible benefits, such as:
- Improved User Experience: Accessible features make your website easier to use for everyone.
- Increased Market Reach: Approximately 16% of the world’s population lives with some form of disability. Accessibility ensures they can engage with your website.
- Better SEO: Many accessibility improvements, like proper headings and alt text, also enhance search engine rankings.
- Legal Compliance: Meeting accessibility standards helps protect your business from lawsuits and reputational damage.
Conclusion

It is far easier to create accessible JavaScript from the onset rather than trying to fix it as an afterthought if you are armed with the proper knowledge.

Stay informed about evolving standards like WCAG and remain proactive in integrating accessibility into your development workflow. If you’re unsure if your JavaScript is accessible or are looking for an implementation partner who is focused on accessibility, reach out to 216digital using the contact form below.
Greg McNeil

January 17, 2025

How-to Guides

Accessibility, How-to, JavaScript, Web Accessibility, web developers, Website Accessibility
Web Accessibility: A Must for Small Businesses
Ever wonder if your website might be quietly turning people away?

As a small business owner, you already have plenty to juggle—so it’s easy to think web accessibility isn’t a top priority. But what if ignoring it costs you sales, hurts your reputation, and even puts you at risk for legal trouble?

The good news is that it’s never too late to start. By making your site accessible to everyone, you can reach more customers, show you care about every visitor, and stand out in a crowded market. Let’s explore why web accessibility matters and how simple steps can make a big difference for your business.

What Is Web Accessibility?

Web accessibility means designing websites so everyone can use them, including people with disabilities. It involves making sure your site works for those relying on screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive tools. This includes people who have visual or hearing impairments, limited mobility, or cognitive differences.

But accessibility benefits more than just people with disabilities. It also helps those with temporary injuries, older devices, or slow internet, and those who can’t hear audio in noisy places. By following standards like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), your small business can create a smoother, more inclusive online experience for every visitor.

Why Accessibility Matters for Small Businesses

Reach More Customers

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that more than 1 in 4 adults in the United States have some type of disability. That’s a huge group of potential customers who may struggle with a site that isn’t accessible. But accessibility also helps others—like older adults, people with temporary injuries, or those using slow internet.

By making your site easier to use, you can connect with a bigger, more diverse audience. In fact, studies show that businesses that focus on accessibility can see up to a 20% increase in their customer base.

Improve Your SEO

Did you know that accessible websites can rank higher in search results? Search engines favor sites that are easy to read and navigate. Features like clear headings, alt text for images, and proper HTML tags not only help users but also boost your SEO.

For example, the radio program This American Life added transcripts for each episode, increasing search traffic by almost 7%. By making your site more accessible, you, too, can improve your visibility and attract more organic traffic.

Build a Better Brand

People today care about inclusivity. A 2023 study showed that 70% of consumers prefer brands committed to diversity and inclusion. By making your website accessible, you show that you value every customer. This builds trust and loyalty, setting you apart from other businesses.

Avoid Legal Risks

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires businesses to make their services, including websites, accessible. If you don’t, you might face expensive lawsuits. In 2024, over 4,000 ADA lawsuits were filed, and more than 33% targeted small businesses.

Why the focus on small businesses now? First, there are more small businesses overall. Second, large companies have been dealing with accessibility lawsuits for years, so many have strong accessibility programs already in place. Settlements can cost anywhere from $10,000 to $100,000—plus legal fees. By making your site accessible now, you can avoid these risks and show customers you care.

Don’t Let Cost Hold You Back

Improving accessibility takes time and money, but it doesn’t have to break the bank. Start with the biggest issues, like adding alt text or fixing color contrast. These small changes can make a huge difference. Plus, if you’re in the U.S., you may qualify for the Disabled Access Credit to help with costs.

Including accessibility from the start also saves money later. You won’t need expensive redesigns or add-ons if you prioritize accessibility now. Accessible sites often run more smoothly, which can reduce hosting and maintenance costs in the long run.

Practical Steps to Start Your Accessibility Journey

Feeling overwhelmed? Don’t worry—you can begin with small, simple steps:

Check Your Site’s Accessibility

Regularly audit your website for accessibility issues. There are free tools like WAVE and Google Lighthouse that can help you identify problems, such as missing alt text for images. For a deeper look, think about hiring an accessibility expert.

Stay Informed and Up-to-Date

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and best practices can evolve over time. Stay informed about any changes and make updates to your website as necessary to remain compliant.

Train Your Team

Train your staff, especially those involved in website management and content creation, about web accessibility. This helps create a culture of inclusivity and ensures that accessibility remains a priority.

Offer Accessible Customer Support

Provide different ways for people to contact you—phone, email, or live chat. Make sure these options are usable by everyone, including people with assistive devices.

How Accessibility Helps Your Business

When you make your website accessible, you can:
- Increase Sales: If your site is easier to use, more people will stay and buy.
- Boost Customer Loyalty: People remember brands that make them feel included.
- Strengthen Your Brand: Being known for inclusivity helps you stand out.
Take the First Step

Starting your journey toward accessibility doesn’t have to be scary. Take small actions, keep improving, and celebrate your wins. The benefits—like reaching more customers, getting better SEO results, and strengthening your brand—are worth the effort.

At 216digital, we will help develop a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap on your terms so that you can focus on what matters: your business. Don’t wait—make your website accessible now. Schedule an ADA briefing with us to get started!
Kayla Laganiere

January 15, 2025

The Benefits of Web Accessibility

Accessibility, ADA Compliance, Benefits of Web Accessibility, Small Business, Website Accessibility
Web Accessibility Compliance Under the Equality Act
Digital accessibility is about ensuring everyone can use your website—no exceptions. While most U.S. website owners focus on ADA compliance, a lesser-known yet impactful piece of legislation from across the pond is the Equality Act 2010. Let’s dive into how this U.K. law impacts your digital space and how you can make your website an inclusive haven for everyone.

Understanding the Equality Act 2010

The Equality Act 2010 is a U.K. law aimed at protecting individuals from discrimination in areas like employment, education, and access to services. It ensures equal opportunities for all, regardless of disability, age, gender, race, or religion.

Although the Act doesn’t mention websites specifically, the “reasonable adjustments” principle applies to digital platforms. If you’re serving U.K. customers, ensuring everyone can navigate your site is your obligation.

How Does the Equality Act Apply to Web Accessibility?

Reasonable adjustments under the Equality Act could look like:
- Screen reader-friendly navigation: Help visually impaired users navigate through your site.
- Color contrast that pops: Make text stand out for those with visual challenges.
- Captions and transcripts: Add these to videos and audio files for hearing-impaired users.
- Keyboard navigation: Ensure people who can’t use a mouse can still explore every corner of your site.
Failing to meet these expectations could result in legal trouble. Plus, it’s likely to leave users frustrated.

Why Should U.S. Website Owners Care?

The internet has no borders. You’re in the Equality Act’s jurisdiction if your website gets U.K. visitors. Accessibility isn’t just about avoiding lawsuits. It’s about:
- Expanding your audience: More accessibility means more customers.
- Boosting your brand: Inclusivity is a good look for any business.
- Improving user experience: Accessible sites work better for everyone. Think faster loading and easier navigation.
Steps to Achieve Web Accessibility Compliance

1. Adopt WCAG Standards

Start with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1 AA or WCAG 2.2). Key highlights include:
- Text alternatives: Describe images for screen readers.
- Adaptable layouts: Ensure your site looks great on all screen sizes.
- Color contrast: Make text legible against its background.
- Keyboard navigation: Interact with all the elements on your site without requiring a mouse.
2. Conduct an Accessibility Audit

Run your site through tools like WAVE or Google Lighthouse to spot barriers. Pair this with manual testing—real users with disabilities will catch things that machines miss. Pay extra attention to:
- Navigation menus (don’t let these turn into a digital labyrinth).
- Forms and fields (labels and instructions should be crystal clear).
- Media files (videos need captions, images need alt text).
3. Implement Inclusive Design Practices

Accessibility isn’t a retrofit—it’s part of the blueprint. Here’s how:
- Use readable fonts and scalable text sizes.
- Structure content with clear headings.
- Make buttons big enough to click without precision aiming.
4. Train Your Team

Your developers and designers are the architects of accessibility. Offer training so they can:
- Write stellar alt text. No “image.jpg” placeholders!
- Test new features for accessibility.
- Create forms and tables that work for everyone.
5. Monitor and Update Regularly

Web accessibility isn’t a one-and-done deal. Use tools like a11y.Radar for ongoing monitoring. Keep tweaking as tech evolves.

Benefits of Web Accessibility

Making your site accessible isn’t just a nice thing to do. It’s smart business. Here’s why:
- Expand Your Audience: Capture the attention of millions of users with disabilities.
- Boost SEO: Accessible sites rank better on Google.
- Enhance User Experience: Accessibility features often make navigation a breeze for everyone.
- Mitigate Legal Risks: Stay on the right side of the law while avoiding reputation hits.
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
- Relying Solely on Overlays: Widgets can lead to more barriers for visually impaired users and future litigation.
- Ignoring Mobile Users: Accessibility applies to all devices.
- Skipping User Testing: Automated tools miss the human touch.
Take Action Today

The Equality Act 2010 highlights the importance of inclusivity, even in the digital world. By embracing accessibility, you’re not just complying with laws—you’re inviting everyone to do business with you.

Start by adopting WCAG standards, auditing your site, and building accessibility into your design process. Need help? Tools like a11y.Radar and expert resources can guide you every step of the way.

Remember, making your website accessible isn’t just about obligation—it’s an opportunity to connect with a broader audience and create a truly welcoming online space.
Kayla Laganiere

January 14, 2025

Legal Compliance

Accessibility, Equality Act, International Accessibility Laws, WCAG, Web Accessibility

What is a Website Accessibility Audit?

Why Conduct a Website Accessibility Audit?

Better User Experience

Higher Search Engine Rankings

Legal Compliance

Top Free Web Accessibility Tools

1. WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool)

How to Use WAVE

2. Google Lighthouse

How to Use Google Lighthouse

3. Contrast Checker by WebAIM

How to Use the Contrast Checker

4. Accessibility Insights

Practical Steps to Improve Your Website’s Accessibility

Technical Explanations Made Simple

WCAG

Screen Readers

ARIA Tags

The Limitations of Free Tools

Moving Forward With a More Inclusive Website

The Importance of Ongoing Accessibility Monitoring

Early Issue Detection

Improved User Experience

Brand Reputation and Trust

Regulatory Compliance

Common Accessibility Barriers Identified

Missing Alternative (Alt) Text for Images

Why It Matters

Solution

Insufficient Color Contrast

Why It Matters

Solution

Keyboard Navigation Failures

Why It Matters

Solution

Missing Form Input Labels

Why It Matters

Solution

Missing or Improperly Structured Headings

Why It Matters

What Monitoring Reveals

Benefits of Accessibility Monitoring for Web Developers and Ecommerce Managers

Reduced Development Bottlenecks

Increased Conversion Rates

Stronger Data

Mitigated Legal Risks

Recommended Tools for Accessibility Monitoring

Automated Accessibility Scanners

Color Contrast Analyzers

Screen Reader Testing

CI/CD Integration

Best Practices to Maintain an Accessible Website

Make Accessibility Part of Your Design Process

Prioritize Semantics and Structure

Adhere Strictly to WCAG Standards

Incorporate Regular Training

Schedule Routine Audits

Create an Accessibility Statement

Conclusion

Foundational Accessibility Principles for Drop-Down Menus

1. Use Semantic HTML

2. Ensure Keyboard Navigation

3. Use ARIA Roles and Attributes Wisely

Structuring Accessible Drop-Down Menus

1. Toggling Visibility

2. Managing Focus for Keyboard Users

3. Enabling Smooth Keyboard Interactions

Testing Your Drop-Down Menus for Accessibility

1. Screen Reader Testing

2. Keyboard Testing

3. Contrast and Readability

Best Practices for Creating Intuitive Menus

Conclusion

The Rise and Shift of ADA Lawsuits for Websites

Geographic Hotspots

Widgets and Overlays Don’t Cut It

Why Do Overlays Fail?

The Growing Challenge of Repeat Lawsuits

Why E-Commerce Websites Were the Hardest Hit

What You Can Do to Avoid ADA Lawsuits